ไถ

links: plough plough

links: รถ รถ#Thai

links: tractor tractor

th-noun

expansion: ไถ • (tǎi)

forms: tǎi (romanization)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *crwajᴬ (“plough”). Cognate with Lao ໄຖ (thai), Northern Thai ᨳᩱ, Khün ᨳᩱ, Lü ᦺᦏ (ṫhay), Tai Dam ꪼꪖ (thay), Tai Dón ꪼꪖ, Shan ထႆ (thǎi), Ahom 𑜌𑜩 (thay), Zhuang cae, Saek ไถ่. Shared lexeme across several languages in mainland Southeast Asia, including Mon ထေဲာ, Burmese ထယ် (htai).

inh

tai-pro

*crwajᴬ

plough

expansion: Proto-Tai *crwajᴬ (“plough”)

ໄຖ

expansion: Lao ໄຖ (thai)

ᨳᩱ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨳᩱ

kkh

expansion: Khün ᨳᩱ

ᦺᦏ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦏ (ṫhay)

ꪼꪖ

tr: thay

expansion: Tai Dam ꪼꪖ (thay)

expansion: Tai Dón ꪼꪖ

ထႆ

expansion: Shan ထႆ (thǎi)

𑜌𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜌𑜩 (thay)

cae

expansion: Zhuang cae

ไถ่

expansion: Saek ไถ่

mnw

ထေဲာ

expansion: Mon ထေဲာ

my

ထယ်

expansion: Burmese ထယ် (htai)

other: ไถ

roman: ai tʰ

roman: tǎi

ipa: /tʰaj˩˩˦/


ไถ

links:
turn up
turn up

links: soil soil

links: make make

links: furrow furrow

glosses: to plough: to turn up soil or make a furrow with a plough

links: drive drive

links: push push

links: move move

links: especially especially

links: difficulty difficulty

links: along along

links: rough rough

links: surface surface

links: manner manner

links: similar similar

links: animal animal

links: drawn drawn

links: slide slide

glosses: to drive, push, or move (especially with difficulty, along a rough surface, or in a manner similar to moving an animal-drawn plough in soil); to slide

links: computing computing#Noun

links: swipe swipe

links: touchscreen touchscreen

raw_glosses: (slang, humorous, computing) to swipe (a touchscreen)

links: squeeze squeeze

links: extract extract

links: gain gain

links: intimidation intimidation

links: pressure pressure

raw_glosses: (slang) to squeeze: to extract or gain by intimidation or other pressure

pos: verb

th-verb

expansion: ไถ • (tǎi) (abstract noun การไถ)

forms:
tǎi (romanization)
การไถ (abstract-noun)

th

cog

lo

nod

khb

blt

twh

shn

aho

za

skb

roman: thai


ไถ

links: astronomy astronomy

links: ดาว ดาว#Thai

links:
Orion's Belt
Orion's Belt

pos: name


ใย

links: fiber fiber

links: filament filament

links: web web

pos: noun

th-noun

expansion: ใย • (yai)

forms: yai (romanization)

etymology_text:
Inherited from Proto-Southwestern Tai *jaɰᴬ⁴ (“fiber; filament”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨿᩱ , Khün ᨿᩱ, Lao ໃຍ (nyai), Lü ᦺᦍ (yay), Tai Dam ꪻꪥ, Tai Dón ꪻꪥ, Shan ယႂ်း (yáue), Tai Nüa ᥕᥬᥰ (yäue), Phake ယၞ် (yaü), Ahom 𑜊𑜧 (jʸaw).
The "concerned about" sense is a figurative semantic extension from the "web" sense, i.e. "to become entangled in a relational web with another" > "be concerned about".

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

tai-swe-pro

*jaɰᴬ⁴

fiber; filament

inh+

ᨿᩱ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨿᩱ

expansion: Khün ᨿᩱ

ໃຍ

expansion: Lao ໃຍ (nyai)

ᦺᦍ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦍ (yay)

ꪻꪥ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪻꪥ

expansion: Tai Dón ꪻꪥ

ယႂ်း

expansion: Shan ယႂ်း (yáue)

tdd

ᥕᥬᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥕᥬᥰ (yäue)

phk

ယၞ်

expansion: Phake ယၞ် (yaü)

𑜊𑜧

expansion: Ahom 𑜊𑜧 (jʸaw)

other: ใย

roman: au y

other: ไย

roman: ai y

roman: yai

ipa: /jaj˧/

homophone: ไย


ใย

links: concerned concerned

links: bonded bonded

ชักใย

roman: chák-yai

เยื่อใย

roman: yʉ̂ʉa-yai

ใยแก้ว

roman: yai-gɛ̂ɛo

ใยแมงมุม

roman: yai-mɛɛng-mum

แร่ใยหิน

roman: rɛ̂ɛ-yai-hǐn

เส้นใย

roman: sên-yai

ห่วงใย

roman: hùuang-yai

inh

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Southwestern Tai *jaɰᴬ⁴ (“fiber; filament”)


ไย่

links: cobweb cobweb

th-noun

expansion: ไย่ • (yâi)

forms: yâi (romanization)

other: ไย่

roman: ai y ˋ

roman: yâi

ipa: /jaj˥˩/


ไหน

text: อันไหน

roman: an nǎi

translation: Which thing?

english: Which thing?

type: example

text: คนไหน

roman: kon nǎi

translation: Which person? = Who?

english: Which person? = Who?

text: ที่ไหน

roman: tîi nǎi

translation: Which place? = Where?

english: Which place? = Where?

links: which which

links: where where

links: who who

pos: pron

th-pronoun

cat2: interrogative pronouns

expansion: ไหน • (nǎi)

forms: nǎi (romanization)

etymology_text: Uncertain.

unc

expansion: Uncertain

other: ไหน

roman: ai h n

other: ไหฺน

roman: ai h ̥ n

roman: nǎi

roman: nai

ipa: /naj˩˩˦/


ไหน

links: why why

glosses: which; why (used to express complaining, claiming, or doubting mood)

pos: particle

ใด

sense: question

roman: dai

ไฉน

sense: complaining

roman: chà-nǎi

ที่ไหน

roman: tîi-nǎi


ไหน

links: ลูก ลูก#Thai

links: plum plum

etymology_text: Borrowed from Teochew 柰 (nai6).

bor+

nan-tws

柰

expansion: Borrowed from Teochew 柰 (nai6)


ใบ้

text: คนใบ้

roman: kon bâi

translation: a person who is unable to speak; a mute

english: a person who is unable to speak; a mute

links: dumb dumb

links: mute mute

links: silent silent

raw_glosses: (figurative) mute; silent (not making a sound, not speaking).

pos: adj

th-adj

expansion: ใบ้ • (bâi)

forms: bâi (romanization)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *ɓɤɰꟲ (“dumb”).
Cognate with Lao ໃບ້ (bai), Shan မႂ်ႈ (māue), Tày bẩư.

inh

tai-pro

*ɓɤɰꟲ

dumb

expansion: Proto-Tai *ɓɤɰꟲ (“dumb”)

cog

ໃບ້

expansion: Lao ໃບ້ (bai)

မႂ်ႈ

expansion: Shan မႂ်ႈ (māue)

tyz

bẩư

expansion: Tày bẩư

other: ใบ้

roman: au ɓ ˆ

other: ไบ้

roman: ai ɓ ˆ

roman: bâi

roman: bai

ipa: /baj˥˩/


ใบ้

text: ใบ้คำตอบ

roman: bâi kam-dtɔ̀ɔp

translation: to silently signal the answer(s)

english: to silently signal the answer(s)

links: gesture gesture

links: signal signal

links: silently silently

th-verb

expansion: ใบ้ • (bâi) (abstract noun การใบ้)

forms:
bâi (romanization)
การใบ้ (abstract-noun)

ใบ้หวย

roman: bâi-hǔai


ไพร่

links: citizen citizen

links: national national

links: subject subject

links: manpower manpower

links:
human resources
human resources

links: derogatory derogatory

links: commoner commoner

raw_glosses: (historical, now derogatory and offensive) commoner.

links: subordinate subordinate

links: servant servant

links: attendant attendant

links: dependent dependent

raw_glosses: (archaic, sometimes derogatory and offensive) subordinate; servant; attendant; dependent.

links: vulgar vulgar

links: person person

links: unrefined unrefined

links: low-class low-class

raw_glosses: (derogatory and very offensive) vulgar person; unrefined person; low-class person.

qualifier: derogatory and very offensive

th-noun

คน

expansion: ไพร่ • (prâi) (classifier คน)

forms:
prâi (romanization)
คน (classifier)

ไพร่ฟ้า

roman: prâi-fáa

etymology_text: Cognate with Isan ไพร่, Lao ໄພ່ (phai), Northern Thai ᨻᩕᩱ᩵ (phay⁵), Khün ᨽᩱ᩵ (phay⁵) or ᨻᩕᩱ᩵ (phay⁵), Lü ᦺᦘᧈ (phay¹), Tai Dam ꪼꪝ꪿ (ꞌpay), Tai Dón ꪼꪝꫀ, Shan ၽႆႈ (phāi).

cog

tts

ไพร่

expansion: Isan ไพร่

ໄພ່

expansion: Lao ໄພ່ (phai)

ᨻᩕᩱ᩵

expansion: Northern Thai ᨻᩕᩱ᩵ (phay⁵)

kkh

ᨽᩱ᩵

expansion: Khün ᨽᩱ᩵ (phay⁵)

ᦺᦘᧈ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦘᧈ (phay¹)

ꪼꪝ꪿

tr: ꞌpay

expansion: Tai Dam ꪼꪝ꪿ (ꞌpay)

ꪼꪝꫀ

expansion: Tai Dón ꪼꪝꫀ

ၽႆႈ

expansion: Shan ၽႆႈ (phāi)

other: ไพร่

roman: ai b r ˋ

other: ไพฺร่

roman: ai b ̥ r ˋ

roman: prâi

roman: phrai

ipa: /pʰraj˥˩/


ไพ่

links:
playing cards
playing cards

glosses: playing cards (also refers to other types of cards for playing)

th-noun

ใบ

สำรับ

expansion: ไพ่ • (pâi) (classifier ใบ or สำรับ)

forms:
pâi (romanization)
ใบ (classifier)
สำรับ (classifier)

ไพ่ตาย

roman: pâi-dtaai

ไพ่ป๊อก

roman: pâi-bpɔ́k

สับไพ่

roman: sàp-pâi

etymology_text: Borrowed from Middle Chinese 牌 (MC bea|beaj). Compare Lao ໄພ້ (phai).

bor+

th

ltc

expansion: Borrowed from Middle Chinese

ltc-l

牌

expansion: 牌 (MC bea|beaj)

ໄພ້

expansion: Lao ໄພ້ (phai)

other: ไพ่

roman: ai b ˋ

roman: pâi

roman: phai

ipa: /pʰaj˥˩/


ใภ้

links: daughter-in-law daughter-in-law

links: sister-in-law sister-in-law

th-noun

expansion: ใภ้ • (pái)

forms: pái (romanization)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *baɰꟲ (“daughter-in-law”); Lao ໃພ້ (phai), Northern Thai ᨻᩱ᩶, Khün ᨻᩱ᩶, Lü ᦺᦗᧉ (pay²), Shan ပႂ် (pǎue), Zuojiang Zhuang bawx, Zhuang bawx.

inh

*baɰꟲ

daughter-in-law

expansion: Proto-Tai *baɰꟲ (“daughter-in-law”)

cog

lo

ໃພ້

expansion: Lao ໃພ້ (phai)

nod

ᨻᩱ᩶

expansion: Northern Thai ᨻᩱ᩶

expansion: Khün ᨻᩱ᩶

khb

ᦺᦗᧉ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦗᧉ (pay²)

ပႂ်

expansion: Shan ပႂ် (pǎue)

zzj

bawx

expansion: Zuojiang Zhuang bawx

expansion: Zhuang bawx

other: ใภ้

roman: au bʰ ˆ

other: ไพ้

roman: ai b ˆ

roman: pái

ipa: /pʰaj˦˥/


ไฝ่

links: ใฝ่ ใฝ่#Thai

ใฝ่

extra: fài

th-verb form

expansion: ไฝ่ • (fài)

forms: fài (romanization)

other: ไฝ่

roman: ai f ˋ

roman: fài

roman: fai

ipa: /faj˨˩/


ērkšķoga

text: ērkšķogu krūmi

translation: gooseberry bushes

english: gooseberry bushes

text: audzēt ērkšķogas

translation: to grow gooseberries

english: to grow gooseberries

links: gooseberry gooseberry

links: thorny thorny#English

links: bush bush#English

links:
Ribes uva-crispa
Ribes uva-crispa#Translingual

links:
Ribes grossularia
Wikispecies:Ribes grossularia

raw_glosses: (usually in the plural) gooseberry (the thorny bush Ribes uva-crispa, also Ribes grossularia)

text: ērkšķogu ievārījums

translation: gooseberry jam

english: gooseberry jam

text: ērkšķogu ķīselis

translation: gooseberry jelly

english: gooseberry jelly

text: saimniece bija piešķinusi zaļas ērkšķogas un varīja slimniecei ķīseli

translation: the farmer's wife had picked green gooseberries and made jam for the patient

links: gooseberries gooseberry

links: fruit fruit#English

raw_glosses: (usually in the plural) gooseberries (its fruits)

head

lv

noun

g: f

4th declension

or

or

expansion: ērkšķoga f (4th declension)

lv-noun

f

lv-decl-noun

ērkšķog

a

lv-decl-noun-table

ērkšķoga

ērkšķogas

ērkšķogu

ērkšķogas

ērkšķogas

ērkšķogu

ērkšķogai

ērkšķogām

ērkšķogu

ērkšķogām

ērkšķogā

ērkšķogās

ērkšķoga

ērkšķogas

forms:
ērkšķoga (nominative singular)
ērkšķogas (nominative plural)
ērkšķogas (genitive singular)
ērkšķogu (genitive plural)
ērkšķogai (dative singular)
ērkšķogām (dative plural)
ērkšķogu (accusative singular)
ērkšķogas (accusative plural)
ērkšķogu (instrumental singular)
ērkšķogām (instrumental plural)
ērkšķogā (locative singular)
ērkšķogās (locative plural)
ērkšķoga (singular vocative)
ērkšķogas (plural vocative)

etymology_text: From ērkšķis (“thorn”) + oga (“berry”).

compound

ērkšķis

oga

gloss1: thorn

gloss2: berry

expansion: ērkšķis (“thorn”) + oga (“berry”)


ไฝ

links: birthmark birthmark

links: mole mole

links: pimple pimple

links: pustule pustule

links: blackhead blackhead

th-noun

expansion: ไฝ • (fǎi)

forms: fǎi (romanization)

etymology_text: Cognate with Lao ໄຝ (fai), Northern Thai ᨺᩱ, Khün ᨺᩱ, Lü ᦺᦚ (ḟay) หรือ ᦺᦚᧈ (ḟay¹).

cog

ໄຝ

expansion: Lao ໄຝ (fai)

ᨺᩱ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨺᩱ

expansion: Khün ᨺᩱ

ᦺᦚ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦚ (ḟay)

other: ไฝ

roman: ai f

roman: fǎi

ipa: /faj˩˩˦/


ไหม้

links: burn burn

th-verb

expansion: ไหม้ • (mâi) (abstract noun การไหม้)

forms:
mâi (romanization)
การไหม้ (abstract-noun)

etymology_text:
Inherited from Proto-Southwestern Tai *ʰmajꟲ¹ (“to burn; burnt”), from Proto-Tai *ʰmajꟲ (“to burn (intr.)”).
Cognate with Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩱ᩶, Lao ໄໝ້ (mai), Lü ᦺᦖᧉ (ṁay²), Tai Dam ꪼꪢ꫁, Shan မႆႈ (māi), Tai Nüa ᥛᥭᥲ (mày), Phake မႝ (may), Ahom 𑜉𑜩 (may), Zhuang maej (dialectal).

yesno

i

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

tai-swe-pro

to burn; burnt

inh

tai-pro

*ʰmajꟲ

to burn (intr.)

expansion: Proto-Tai *ʰmajꟲ (“to burn (intr.)”)

ᩉ᩠ᨾᩱ᩶

expansion: Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩱ᩶

ໄໝ້

expansion: Lao ໄໝ້ (mai)

ᦺᦖᧉ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦖᧉ (ṁay²)

blt

ꪼꪢ꫁

expansion: Tai Dam ꪼꪢ꫁

shn

မႆႈ

expansion: Shan မႆႈ (māi)

tdd

ᥛᥭᥲ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥛᥭᥲ (mày)

မႝ

expansion: Phake မႝ (may)

aho

𑜉𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜉𑜩 (may)

za

maej

expansion: Zhuang maej

other: ไหม้

roman: ai h m ˆ

other: ไม่

roman: ai m ˋ

roman: mâi

roman: mai

ipa: /maj˥˩/

homophone: ไม่


ไหม้

links: burnt burnt

th-adj

expansion: ไหม้ • (mâi)

forms: mâi (romanization)

ไฟไหม้

roman: fai-mâi

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Southwestern Tai *ʰmajꟲ¹ (“to burn; burnt”)

cog

expansion: Lü ᦺᦖᧉ (ṁay²)

phk


ไหล่

links: anatomy anatomy

links: shoulder shoulder

th-noun

expansion: ไหล่ • (lài)

forms: lài (romanization)

ไหล่ทวีป

roman: lài-tá-wîip

etymology_text: Unknown.

unknown

th

expansion: Unknown

other: ไหล่

roman: ai h l ˋ

other: ไหฺล่

roman: ai h ̥ l ˋ

roman: lài

roman: lai

ipa: /laj˨˩/


ไล่

links: chase chase

links: pursue pursue

links:
drive off
drive off

th-verb

expansion: ไล่ • (lâi) (abstract noun การไล่)

forms:
lâi (romanization)
การไล่ (abstract-noun)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *lajᴮ (“to chase”).
Cognate with Lao ໄລ່ (lai), Ahom 𑜎𑜩 (lay), Zhuang laeh.

inh

*lajᴮ

to chase

expansion: Proto-Tai *lajᴮ (“to chase”)

cog

ໄລ່

expansion: Lao ໄລ່ (lai)

𑜎𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜎𑜩 (lay)

laeh

expansion: Zhuang laeh

other: ไล่

roman: ai l ˋ

roman: lâi

ipa: /laj˥˩/


ไล้

links: coat coat

links: smear smear

links: paint paint

links: touch touch

links: rub rub

links: caress caress

th-verb

tr: lái

expansion: ไล้ • (lái) (abstract noun การไล้)

forms:
lái (romanization)
การไล้ (abstract-noun)

other: ไล้

roman: ai l ˆ

roman: lái

ipa: /laj˦˥/


ไหล

links: flow flow

links: leak leak

expansion: ไหล • (lǎi) (abstract noun การไหล)

forms:
lǎi (romanization)
การไหล (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *ʰlajᴬ¹ (“to flow”). Cognate with Lao ໄຫຼ (lai), Lü ᦺᦜ (l̇ay), Shan လႆ (lǎi), Ahom 𑜎𑜩 (lay) or 𑜎𑜩𑜤 (layu). Compare Proto-Be *ləːjᴬ¹.

inh

to flow

cog

ໄຫຼ

expansion: Lao ໄຫຼ (lai)

ᦺᦜ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦜ (l̇ay)

လႆ

expansion: Shan လႆ (lǎi)

qfa-onb-pro

*ləːjᴬ¹

expansion: Proto-Be *ləːjᴬ¹

other: ไหล

roman: ai h l

other: ไหฺล

roman: ai h ̥ l

roman: lǎi

ipa: /laj˩˩˦/


ไหล

links: ปลา ปลา#Thai

links: eel eel

th-noun

expansion: ไหล • (lǎi)

forms: lǎi (romanization)


ไว

links: quickly quickly

pos: adv

th-adv

expansion: ไว • (wai) (abstract noun ความไว)

forms:
wai (romanization)
ความไว (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: Compare Middle Chinese 快 (MC khwaejH). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩅᩮᩥ᩠ᨿ or ᩅᩰᩫ᩠ᨿ, Lao ໄວ (wai), Lü ᦺᦞ (vay), Shan ဝႆး (wái), Tai Nüa ᥝᥭᥰ (wäy), Ahom 𑜈𑜩 (bay).

cog

ltc

expansion: Middle Chinese

ltc-l

快

expansion: 快 (MC khwaejH)

cog

ᩅᩮᩥ᩠ᨿ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩅᩮᩥ᩠ᨿ

lo

ໄວ

expansion: Lao ໄວ (wai)

ᦺᦞ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦞ (vay)

ဝႆး

expansion: Shan ဝႆး (wái)

ᥝᥭᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥝᥭᥰ (wäy)

𑜈𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜈𑜩 (bay)

other: ไว

roman: ai w

roman: wai

ipa: /waj˧/

homophone: วัย

homophone: ไวทย์


ไว

links: fast fast

links: quick quick

th-verb

expansion: ไว • (wai)

forms: wai (romanization)

ว่องไว

roman: wɔ̂ng-wai

ไวไฟ

roman: wai-fai

nod

khb


ไว้

links: place place

links: locate locate

links: keep keep

links: hold hold

links: maintain maintain

links: preserve preserve

glosses: to keep; to hold; to maintain; to preserve

links: wear wear

links: sport sport

links: moustache moustache

glosses: to keep, wear, or sport (a style of moustache, for example)

links: add add#English

links: end end#English

links: verb verb#English

links: emphasis emphasis#English

links: indicating indicate#English

links: action action#English

links: already already#English

links: done done#English

raw_glosses: (auxiliary) added at the end of a verb for emphasis or for indicating that the action has already been done

links: leave leave

links: let let

links: remain remain

links: have have

links: behind behind

glosses: to leave: to let remain; to have remaining behind

expansion: ไว้ • (wái) (abstract noun การไว้)

forms:
wái (romanization)
การไว้ (abstract-noun)

กอง ... ไว้

roman: gɔɔng

กำหนด ... ไว้

roman: wái

เก็บ ... ไว้

roman: gèp

ขัง ... ไว้

roman: kǎng

งด ... ไว้

roman: ngót

จำ ... ไว้

english: jam

translation: jam

ทิ้ง ... ไว้

roman: tíng

น่าไว้ใจ

roman: nâa-wái-jai

เปิด ... ไว้

roman: bpə̀ət

ผูก ... ไว้

roman: pùuk

ฝาก ... ไว้

roman: fàak

พัก ... ไว้

roman: pák

ฟังหูไว้หู

roman: fang-hǔu-wái-hǔu

มี ... ไว้

roman: mii

ยึด ... ไว้

roman: yʉ́t

รับ ... ไว้

roman: ráp

เลี้ยง ... ไว้

roman: líiang

วาง ... ไว้

roman: waang

ไว้ใจ

roman: wái-jai

ไว้ทุกข์

roman: wái-túk

ไว้วางใจ

roman: wái-waang-jai

ไว้หน้า

roman: wái-nâa

ไว้อาลัย

roman: wái-aa-lai

เอา ... ไว้

roman: ao

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *waj/aɰꟲ² (“to keep”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩅᩱ᩶ or ᩅᩱ᩠᩶ᨿ, Lao ໄວ້ (wai), Lü ᦺᦞᧉ (vay²), Tai Dam ꪼꪫ꫁, Shan ဝႆႉ (wâ̰i), Tai Nüa ᥝᥭᥳ (wȧy), Ahom 𑜈𑜩 (bay), 𑜚𑜩 (vay), 𑜉𑜩 (may).

inh

tai-swe-pro

to keep

cog

ᩅᩱ᩶

expansion: Northern Thai ᩅᩱ᩶

ໄວ້

expansion: Lao ໄວ້ (wai)

ᦺᦞᧉ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦞᧉ (vay²)

ꪼꪫ꫁

expansion: Tai Dam ꪼꪫ꫁

ဝႆႉ

expansion: Shan ဝႆႉ (wâ̰i)

ᥝᥭᥳ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥝᥭᥳ (wȧy)

𑜈𑜩,𑜚𑜩,𑜉𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜈𑜩 (bay), 𑜚𑜩 (vay), 𑜉𑜩 (may)

other: ไว้

roman: ai w ˆ

ipa: /waj˦˥/


ไร่

links: terrace terrace

links: mountain mountain

links: slope slope

links: plantation plantation

links: field field

links: crops crops

links: cereals cereals

glosses: plantation, field (planted in crops other than cereals)

links: rai rai

links: area area

links: ngan ngan

links: งาน งาน

links:
square wa
square wa

links: ตารางวา ตารางวา

links:
square meters
square meters

glosses: rai, area of land equal to 4 ngan (งาน), or 400 square wa (ตารางวา), or 1600 square meters

th-noun

expansion: ไร่ • (râi)

forms: râi (romanization)

ชาวไร่

roman: chaao-râi

พืชไร่

roman: pʉ̂ʉt-râi

ไร่นา

roman: râi-naa

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *rɤjᴮ (“dry field”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩁᩱ᩵, Isan ไฮ่, Lao ໄຮ່ (hai), Lü ᦺᦣᧈ (hay¹), Shan ႁႆႈ (hāi), Tai Dam ꪼꪭ꪿, Ahom 𑜑𑜩 (hay), Zhuang reih. Sagart (2011) considers this a borrowing from Austroasiatic, compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *sreʔ (“field”); Vietnamese rẫy is a back-loan from Tai.

inh

tai-pro

*rɤjᴮ

dry field

expansion: Proto-Tai *rɤjᴮ (“dry field”)

ᩁᩱ᩵

expansion: Northern Thai ᩁᩱ᩵

tts

ไฮ่

expansion: Isan ไฮ่

ໄຮ່

expansion: Lao ໄຮ່ (hai)

ᦺᦣᧈ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦣᧈ (hay¹)

ႁႆႈ

expansion: Shan ႁႆႈ (hāi)

ꪼꪭ꪿

expansion: Tai Dam ꪼꪭ꪿

𑜑𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜑𑜩 (hay)

reih

expansion: Zhuang reih

der

aav

expansion: Austroasiatic

mkh-pro

*sreʔ

field

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *sreʔ (“field”)

vi

rẫy

expansion: Vietnamese rẫy

other: ไร่

roman: ai r ˋ

roman: râi

roman: rai

ipa: /raj˥˩/


ไร่

links: ไร่เรี่ย ไร่เรี่ย#Thai

links: about about

links: equal equal

links: same same

glosses: used in ไร่เรี่ย (“to be about equal, about the same”)

th-verb

expansion: ไร่ • (râi) (abstract noun การไร่)

forms:
râi (romanization)
การไร่ (abstract-noun)


ไร้

links: no no

links: without without

links: lacking lacking

pos: prep

th-prep

expansion: ไร้ • (rái)

forms: rái (romanization)

etymology_text: Cognate with Isan ไฮ้, Lao ໄຮ້ (hai), Northern Thai ᩁᩱ᩶ (hay⁶), Khün ᩁᩱ᩶ (hay⁶), Lü ᦺᦣᧉ (hay²).

cog

ไฮ้

expansion: Isan ไฮ้

ໄຮ້

expansion: Lao ໄຮ້ (hai)

ᩁᩱ᩶

expansion: Northern Thai ᩁᩱ᩶ (hay⁶)

kkh

expansion: Khün ᩁᩱ᩶ (hay⁶)

ᦺᦣᧉ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦣᧉ (hay²)

other: ไร้

roman: ai r ˆ

roman: rái

ipa: /raj˦˥/

homophone: ไรต์


ไร้

links: have have

links: be be

links: lack lack

raw_glosses: (transitive) to have no; to be without; to lack

th-verb

expansion: ไร้ • (rái) (abstract noun การไร้)

forms:
rái (romanization)
การไร้ (abstract-noun)

ขาด

roman: kàat

ปราศ

roman: bpràat

ปราศจาก

roman: bpràat-sà-jàak

ไม่มี

roman: mâi-mii

สิ้น

roman: sîn

หมด

roman: mòt

คนไร้ความสามารถ

roman: kon-rái-kwaam-sǎa-mâat

คนเสมือนไร้ความสามารถ

roman: kon-sà-mʉ̌ʉan-rái-kwaam-sǎa-mâat

ไร้เดียงสา

roman: rái-diiang-sǎa

ไร้สาย

roman: rái-sǎai

ไร้สาระ

roman: rái-sǎa-rá

เหล็กกล้าไร้สนิม

roman: lèk-glâa-rái-sà-nǐm


ไร้

ref: 1292, “ศิลาจารึกพ่อขุนรามคำแหง”, in สุโขทัยไม่ใช่ราชธานีแห่งแรกของไทย, กรุงเทพฯ: เจ้าพระยา, published 1983, →ISBN, page 155:

type: quotation

text: มันจักกล่าวเถิงเจ้าเถิงขุนบ่ไร้ไปลั่นกะดิ่งอันท่านแขวนไว้

roman: man jàk glàao tə̌əng jâao tə̌əng kǔn bɔ̀ɔ rái bpai lân gà-dìng an tâan kwɛ̌ɛn wái

translation: [It is] not difficult [for] him to refer [his case] to [his] lord [or] to [his] master: [just] go to sound the bell that they hang up [there].

links: hard hard

links: difficult difficult

raw_glosses: (obsolete, now only found in combination) hard; difficult

qualifier: now only found in combination

th-adj

expansion: ไร้ • (rái) (abstract noun ความไร้)

forms:
rái (romanization)
ความไร้ (abstract-noun)


ไห

links: beautiful beautiful

head

skb

adjective

tr: háy

expansion: ไห (háy)

forms: háy (romanization)

unk

expansion: Unknown

ipa: /haj˧˦/


ไห

text: เหล้าในไห

roman: lâo nai hǎi

translation: liquor in a jar

english: liquor in a jar

links: vessel vessel

links: especially especially

links: one one

links: made made

links:
baked clay
baked clay

links: high high

links: wide wide

links: vase vase

links: jar jar

links: jug jug

links: urn urn

glosses: vessel, especially one made of baked clay and higher than it is wide, as vase, jar, jug, urn, etc.

th-noun

ลูก

ใบ

expansion: ไห • (hǎi) (classifier ลูก or ใบ)

forms:
hǎi (romanization)
ลูก (classifier)
ใบ (classifier)

ไหปลาร้า

roman: hǎi-bplaa-ráa

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *krajᴬ (“jug”).
Cognate with Lao ໄຫ (hai), Lü ᦺᦠ (ḣay, “jug; steamer”), Shan ႁႆ (hǎi, “steamer”), Tai Nüa ᥞᥭᥴ (háy, “jug; steamer”), Saek ไห่, Zhuang rae (“rice steaming pot”) (dialectal), Zuojiang Zhuang haej.

inh

tai-pro

*krajᴬ

jug

expansion: Proto-Tai *krajᴬ (“jug”)

cog

ໄຫ

expansion: Lao ໄຫ (hai)

ᦺᦠ

jug; steamer

expansion: Lü ᦺᦠ (ḣay, “jug; steamer”)

shn

ႁႆ

steamer

expansion: Shan ႁႆ (hǎi, “steamer”)

ᥞᥭᥴ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥞᥭᥴ (háy, “jug; steamer”)

ไห่

expansion: Saek ไห่

rae

rice steaming pot

expansion: Zhuang rae (“rice steaming pot”)

zzj

haej

expansion: Zuojiang Zhuang haej

other: ไห

roman: ai h

roman: hǎi

roman: hai

ipa: /haj˩˩˦/

homophone: หัย


ไห้

links: cry cry

links: weep weep

links: wail wail

th-verb

expansion: ไห้ • (hâi)

forms: hâi (romanization)

ร้องไห้

roman: rɔ́ɔng-hâai

ร่ำไห้

roman: râm-hâi

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *t.hajꟲ (“to weep”).
Cognate with Isan ไห่ or ไห้, Lao ໄຫ້ (hai), Shan ႁႆႈ (hāi), Ahom 𑜑𑜩 (hay) or 𑜍𑜩 (ray), Zhuang daej and haej (dialectal).
Within Kra-Dai, compare Sui qngeec (“to weep, to cry”), Southern Kam ngees (“to weep, to cry”), Proto-Hlai *C-ŋiːʔ (whence ŋej³~ŋaj³ across the modern lects).
Compare also Proto-Austronesian *Caŋis (“to cry, to weep”).

inh

to weep

expansion: Proto-Tai *t.hajꟲ (“to weep”)

expansion: Isan ไห่

ໄຫ້

expansion: Lao ໄຫ້ (hai)

ႁႆႈ

expansion: Shan ႁႆႈ (hāi)

aho

𑜑𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜑𑜩 (hay)

za

daej

expansion: Zhuang daej

swi

qngeec

to weep, to cry

expansion: Sui qngeec (“to weep, to cry”)

kmc

ngees

expansion: Southern Kam ngees (“to weep, to cry”)

qfa-lic-pro

*C-ŋiːʔ

expansion: Proto-Hlai *C-ŋiːʔ

map-pro

*Caŋis

to cry, to weep

other: ไห้

roman: ai h ˆ

other: ไฮ่

roman: ai ɦ ˋ

roman: hâi

ipa: /haj˥˩/

homophone: ให้


ไร

text: ปากเป็นไร

roman: bpàak bpen rai

translation: What happens to your mouth?

english: What happens to your mouth?

text: กินไรดี

roman: gin rai dii

translation: What should we eat?

english: What should we eat?

text: ทำไร

roman: tam rai

translation: What are you doing?

english: What are you doing?

links: how how

links: what what

links: which which

links: when when

links: why why

th-adv

expansion: ไร • (rai)

forms: rai (romanization)

etymology_text: Possibly related with Thai ใด (dai).

cog

th

ใด

expansion: Thai ใด (dai)

other: ไร

roman: ai r

roman: rai

ipa: /raj˧/

homophone: รัย


ไร

text: คนไรดื้อชะมัด

roman: kon rai dʉ̂ʉ chá-mát

translation: What a very stubborn person!

english: What a very stubborn person!

เท่าไร

roman: tâo-rai

เมื่อไร

roman: mʉ̂ʉa-rai

ไม่เป็นไร

roman: mâi-bpen-rai

อย่างไร

roman: yàang-rai

อะไร

roman: à-rai

ใด

roman: dai

ทำไม

roman: tam-mai

ไหน

roman: nǎi

ไหร่

roman: hrài


ไร

links: fowl fowl

links: louse louse

links: mite mite

qualifier: fowl

th-noun

ตัว

expansion: ไร • (rai) (classifier ตัว)

forms:
rai (romanization)
ตัว (classifier)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *rajᴬ⁴ (“chicken louse”), from Proto-Tai *rwɤjᴬ (“chicken louse”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩁᩱ, Khün ᩁᩱ, Lao ໄຮ (hai), Isan ไฮ, Lü ᦺᦣ (hay), Shan ႁႆး (hái), Tai Nüa ᥞᥭᥰ (häy), Phake ꩭႝ (hay), Ahom 𑜍𑜩 (ray), Zhuang reiz.

inh

tai-swe-pro

chicken louse

tai-pro

*rwɤjᴬ

expansion: Proto-Tai *rwɤjᴬ (“chicken louse”)

nod

ᩁᩱ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩁᩱ

expansion: Khün ᩁᩱ

lo

ໄຮ

expansion: Lao ໄຮ (hai)

ไฮ

expansion: Isan ไฮ

ᦺᦣ

expansion: Lü ᦺᦣ (hay)

ႁႆး

expansion: Shan ႁႆး (hái)

tdd

ᥞᥭᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥞᥭᥰ (häy)

phk

ꩭႝ

expansion: Phake ꩭႝ (hay)

𑜍𑜩

expansion: Ahom 𑜍𑜩 (ray)

reiz

expansion: Zhuang reiz


ไร

links: line line

links: mark mark

links: scalp scalp

links: hair hair

links: remove remove

glosses: line or mark on the scalp after a hair is removed


ไร

links: เรี่ยไร เรี่ยไร#Thai

links: solicit solicit

links: contribution contribution

links:
take up
take up

links: collection collection

glosses: used in เรี่ยไร (“to solicit contributions, take up a collection”)


ไร

links: approximate approximate

links: estimate estimate

raw_glosses: (now rarely used alone) approximate; estimate


ไร

links: gold gold


ไอ้

raw_glosses: (sometimes considered vulgar) used as a title for a male animal

qualifier: sometimes considered vulgar

links: derogatory derogatory

raw_glosses: (archaic, sometimes considered vulgar, derogatory and offensive) used as a term of address to or title for a male commoner

ref: 2019 February 26, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 0:40 from the start, in ก่อนที่มึงจะไปคว้าเอามาทำเมีย มึงคิดจะถามกูสักคำไหม (กรงกรรม), spoken by ย้อย อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (ใหม่ เจริญปุระ), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 29 May 2019:

text: ไอ้ไช้ มึงกล้าให้อีผู้หญิงอย่างนี้มาอ้างว่าเป็นเมียมึงหรือ มึงดูมันแต่งหน้า แต่งตัว ทาปากซิ ดูก็รู้ผู้หญิงชั้นต่ำชัด ๆ กะหรี่

roman: âi chái · mʉng glâa hâi ii pûu yǐng yàang níi maa âang wâa bpen miia mʉng rʉ̌ʉ · mʉng duu man dtɛ̀ng nâa · dtɛ̀ng dtuua · taa bpàak sí · duu gɔ̂ rúu pûu yǐng chán dtàm chát chát · gà-rìi

translation: Ai Chai, how dare you let a woman like this claim to be your wife? You see [how] she makes [her] face up, dresses [herself] up, and paints [her] lip? [Just] look [at her and everyone] knows obviously [she's] a low-class woman – a whore!

ref: Circa 1797, สมเด็จพระพนรัตน์ (แก้ว), edited by ศานติ ภักดีคำ, พระราชพงศาวดาร ฉบับสมเด็จพระพนรัตน์วัดพระเชตุพน ตรวจสอบชำระจากเอกสารตัวเขียน, Bangkok: มูลนิธิ "ทุนพระพุทธยอดฟ้า" ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์, published 2015, →ISBN, page 250:

text: เทพย์เจ้าผู้บำรุงรักษาพระบวรพุทธสาศนา จงไว้ชีวิตร์เราอีกสักเจ็ดวัน จะฃอดูหน้าไอ้ขบถสองคนพ่อลูกนี้

roman: têep-pá-jâao pûu bam-rung-rák-sǎa prá bɔɔ-wɔɔ-rá pút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎa · jong wái-chii-wít rao ìik sàk jèt wan · jà kɔ̌ɔ duu nâa âi kà-bòt sɔ̌ɔng kon pɔ̂ɔ lûuk níi

translation: Angelic lords that cherish and nourish the holy, excellent Buddhist faith, may [thou] grant us but seven more days grace of life. [We] should like to see the faces of this faithless couple, sire and son!

raw_glosses: (vulgar, derogatory, offensive) used as a term of address to or title for a man

raw_glosses: (slang, vulgar, sometimes considered offensive) used as a familiar or affectionate term of address to or title for anyone

qualifier: sometimes considered offensive

raw_glosses: (slang, vulgar, sometimes considered derogatory or offensive) used as a term of address to or title for anyone or anything; used as a prefix by way of emphasis

th-noun

expansion: ไอ้ • (âi)

forms: âi (romanization)

ไอ้บ้า

roman: âi-bâa

นัง

roman: nang

นาง

roman: naang

บัก

roman: bàk

บ่า

roman: bàa

ยัย

roman: yai

ยาย

roman: yaai

อี

roman: ii

อี่

roman: ìi

other: ไอ้

roman: ai ɒ ˆ

roman: âi

roman: ai

ipa: /ʔaj˥˩/


เข่า

links: knee knee

expansion: เข่า • (kào)

forms: kào (romanization)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *χowᴮ (“knee”). Cognate with Lao ເຂົ່າ (khao), Tai Nüa ᥑᥝᥱ (xǎw), Shan ၶဝ်ႇ (khào), Ahom 𑜁𑜧𑜈𑜫 (khaww) or 𑜁𑜧 (khaw).

inh

*χowᴮ

knee

expansion: Proto-Tai *χowᴮ (“knee”)

cog

ເຂົ່າ

expansion: Lao ເຂົ່າ (khao)

ᥑᥝᥱ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥑᥝᥱ (xǎw)

ၶဝ်ႇ

expansion: Shan ၶဝ်ႇ (khào)

𑜁𑜧𑜈𑜫

expansion: Ahom 𑜁𑜧𑜈𑜫 (khaww)

other: เข่า

roman: e kʰ ˋ ā

roman: kào

roman: khao

ipa: /kʰaw˨˩/


เครา

links: beard beard

th-noun

expansion: เครา • (krao)

forms: krao (romanization)

etymology_text: From Middle Chinese 毫 (MC haw).

der

ltc

expansion: Middle Chinese

ltc-l

毫

expansion: 毫 (MC haw)

other: เครา

roman: e g r ā

other: เคฺรา

roman: e g ̥ r ā

roman: krao

roman: khrao

ipa: /kʰraw˧/


เคล้า

links: mix mix

links: blend blend

links: rub rub

links: legs legs

th-verb

expansion: เคล้า • (kláo) (abstract noun การเคล้า)

forms:
kláo (romanization)
การเคล้า (abstract-noun)

other: เคล้า

roman: e g l ˆ ā

other: เคฺล้า

roman: e g ̥ l ˆ ā

roman: kláo

roman: khlao

ipa: /kʰlaw˦˥/


janggi

links:
board game
board game

links: chess chess

links: Korea Korea

glosses: A board game similar to chess, invented and traditionally played in Korea.

en-noun

expansion: janggi (uncountable)

韓國將棋 /韩国将棋

code: cmn

sense: Korean chess

roman: hánguó jiāngqí

韓國象棋 /韩国象棋

roman: hánguó xiàngqí

朝鮮將棋 /朝鲜将棋

roman: cháoxiān jiāngqí

朝鮮象棋 /朝鲜象棋

roman: cháoxiān xiàngqí

高麗將棋 /高丽将棋

roman: gāolì jiāngqí

高麗象棋 /高丽象棋

roman: gāolì xiàngqí

Janggi

code: de

koreai sakk

code: hu

チャンギ

code: ja

roman: changi

note: 朝鮮将棋 (ちょうせんしょうぎ, Chōsen shōgi, literally “Korean shogi”)

장기

code: ko

roman: janggi

alt: 將棋

чанги́

code: ru

roman: čangí

cờ tướng Triều Tiên

code: vi

etymology_text: From Korean 장기(將棋) (janggi). Doublet of shogi.

bor

en

ko

장기(將棋)

expansion: Korean 장기(將棋) (janggi)

doublet

shogi

expansion: Doublet of shogi

forms: changgi (alternative)


janggi

links: negro negro

id-noun

expansion: janggi (plural janggi-janggi)

forms:
janggi-janggi (plural)
zanggi (alternative)
zenggi (alternative)


janggi

links: zanggi zanggi#Malay

ms-noun

j: جڠݢي

expansion: janggi (Jawi spelling جڠݢي, plural janggi-janggi or janggi²)

forms:
جڠݢي (Jawi)
janggi-janggi (plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian زنگی (zangi).

bor+

ms

fa-cls

زنگی

tr: zangi

ipa: /ˈd͡ʒaŋɡi/

rhymes: -aŋɡi

parts: jang gi


janggi

links: warriorlike warriorlike

ms-adj

expansion: janggi (Jawi spelling جڠݢي, comparative lebih janggi, superlative paling janggi)

forms:
جڠݢي (Jawi)
lebih janggi (comparative)
paling janggi (superlative)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگی (jangi) or Hindi जंगी (jaṅgī).

جنگی

tr: jangi

bor

hi

जंगी

expansion: Hindi जंगी (jaṅgī)


เค้า

links: trace trace

links: imprint imprint

links: stamp stamp

links: ancestry ancestry

links: vestige vestige

links: outline outline

glosses: trace, imprint, stamp (as of ancestry); vestige; outline

links: origin origin

links: beginning beginning

links: primary primary

links: cause cause

th-noun

expansion: เค้า • (káo)

forms: káo (romanization)

เค้ามูล

roman: káo-muun

other: เค้า

roman: e g ˆ ā

roman: káo

roman: khao

ipa: /kʰaw˦˥/


เค้า

links: นก นก#Thai

links: owl owl

expansion: เค้า • (káo)

เค้าแมว

roman: káo-mɛɛo

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *ɡawꟲ (“owl”).
In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Lao ເຄົ້າ (khao), Shan ၵဝ်ႉ (kâ̰o), Tai Dam ꪹꪁ꫁ꪱ, Ahom 𑜀𑜧 (kaw).
In other Tai, cognate with Zuojiang Zhuang guq (Longzhou dialect) or kaeuj in duo'kaeuj (“owl”) (Daxin dialect).

inh

tai-pro

*ɡawꟲ

owl

expansion: Proto-Tai *ɡawꟲ (“owl”)

cog

ເຄົ້າ

expansion: Lao ເຄົ້າ (khao)

shn

ၵဝ်ႉ

expansion: Shan ၵဝ်ႉ (kâ̰o)

blt

ꪹꪁ꫁ꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪹꪁ꫁ꪱ

𑜀𑜧

expansion: Ahom 𑜀𑜧 (kaw)

guq

expansion: Zuojiang Zhuang guq


เค้า

links: he he

links: she she

links: they they

links: I I

links: oneself oneself

th-pronoun

expansion: เค้า • (káo)

etymology_text: Corrupted from เขา (kǎo).


เกล้า

links: head head

th-noun

expansion: เกล้า • (glâao)

forms: glâao (romanization)

เกล้ากระผม

roman: glâao-grà-pǒm

เกล้ากระหม่อม

roman: glâao-grà-mɔ̀m

เกล้ากระหม่อมฉัน

roman: glâao-grà-mɔ̀m-chǎn

บังเกิดเกล้า

roman: bang-gə̀ət-glâao

โปรดเกล้าโปรดกระหม่อม

roman: bpròot-glâao-bpròot-grà-mɔ̀m

เหนือเกล้าเหนือกระหม่อม

roman: nʉ̌ʉa-glâao-nʉ̌ʉa-grà-mɔ̀m

etymology_text:
Li (1977) reconstructed Proto-Tai *kləuꟲ¹ (“head; knot of hair on the top of the head”).
Thereafter, Pittayaporn (2009) reconstructed the Proto-Tai forms as *klawꟲ (“hair knot”) and *krawꟲ (“head”) (เกล้า (glâao), Lao ເກົ້າ (kao), Tai Nüa ᥐᥝᥲ (kàw) and Zhuang gyaeuj are descendants of *klawꟲ (“hair knot”)), but it seems to vacillate whether to distinguish between the two forms.
Possibly cognate with Proto-Austronesian *qulu (“head”).
Pan (2000) considered Old Chinese 首 (*qhljǔʔ, “head”) as a cognate word with Kra-Dai such as Zhuang gyaeuj etc. and Tibeto-Burman such as Tibetan མགོ (mgo, “head”) etc.

cog

ເກົ້າ

expansion: Lao ເກົ້າ (kao)

ᥐᥝᥲ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥐᥝᥲ (kàw)

gyaeuj

expansion: Zhuang gyaeuj

*qulu

head

expansion: Proto-Austronesian *qulu (“head”)

och

首

tr: *qhljǔʔ

gloss: head

expansion: Old Chinese 首 (*qhljǔʔ, “head”)

bo

མགོ

expansion: Tibetan མགོ (mgo, “head”)

other: เกล้า

roman: e k l ˆ ā

other: กฺล้าว

roman: k ̥ l ˆ ā w

roman: glâao

roman: klao

ipa: /klaːw˥˩/


เกล้า

links: make make

links: hair hair

links: knot knot

th-verb

expansion: เกล้า • (glâao) (abstract noun การเกล้า)

forms:
glâao (romanization)
การเกล้า (abstract-noun)

inh

expansion: Proto-Tai *kləuꟲ¹ (“head; knot of hair on the top of the head”)

za


เงา

links: shadow shadow

links: reflection reflection

th-noun

expansion: เงา • (ngao)

forms: ngao (romanization)

กระจกเงา

roman: grà-jòk-ngao

เงามัว

roman: ngao-muua

เงามืด

roman: ngao-mʉ̂ʉt

แรเงา

roman: rɛɛ-ngao

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *ŋawᴬ (“shadow; reflection”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨦᩮᩢᩣ, Lao ເງົາ (ngao), Lü ᦇᧁ (ngaw), Tai Dam ꪹꪉꪱ, Shan ငဝ်း (ngáo), Tai Nüa ᥒᥝᥰ (ngäw), Ahom 𑜂𑜧 (ṅaw) or 𑜂𑜧𑜈𑜫 (ṅaww), Zhuang ngaeuz. Compare Proto-Be *ŋuːjᴬ¹.

*ŋawᴬ

shadow; reflection

expansion: Proto-Tai *ŋawᴬ (“shadow; reflection”)

cog

ᨦᩮᩢᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨦᩮᩢᩣ

ເງົາ

expansion: Lao ເງົາ (ngao)

khb

ᦇᧁ

expansion: Lü ᦇᧁ (ngaw)

ꪹꪉꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪹꪉꪱ

ငဝ်း

expansion: Shan ငဝ်း (ngáo)

ᥒᥝᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥒᥝᥰ (ngäw)

aho

𑜂𑜧

expansion: Ahom 𑜂𑜧 (ṅaw)

ngaeuz

expansion: Zhuang ngaeuz

qfa-onb-pro

*ŋuːjᴬ¹

expansion: Proto-Be *ŋuːjᴬ¹

other: เงา

roman: e ŋ ā

roman: ngao

ipa: /ŋaw˧/


เงา

links: shiny shiny

links: polished polished

links: glossy glossy

th-adj

expansion: เงา • (ngao) (abstract noun ความเงา)

forms:
ngao (romanization)
ความเงา (abstract-noun)

มัน

english: man

translation: man

inh

th

tai-pro


เหง้า

links: ancestor ancestor

links: source source

links: heritage heritage

links: base base

links: underground underground

links: plant plant

links: stem stem

links:
tree trunk
tree trunk

glosses: base or underground portion of a plant stem or tree trunk.

th-noun

expansion: เหง้า • (ngâo)

forms:
ngâo (romanization)
เง่า (alternative)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *ʰŋawꟲ (“central root”), from Old Chinese 藕 (OC *ŋoːʔ, “lotus root”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢ᩶ᩣ, Lao ເຫງົ້າ (ngao), Lü ᦄᧁᧉ (ṅgaw²), Shan ငဝ်ႈ (ngāo), Ahom 𑜂𑜧 (ṅaw), 𑜂𑜨𑜧 (ṅow), or 𑜂𑜧𑜈𑜫 (ṅaww); also compare Vietnamese ngó.

tai-swe-pro

*ʰŋawꟲ

central root

der

och

expansion: Old Chinese

och-l

藕

lotus root

expansion: 藕 (OC *ŋoːʔ, “lotus root”)

cog

ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢ᩶ᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢ᩶ᩣ

ເຫງົ້າ

expansion: Lao ເຫງົ້າ (ngao)

ᦄᧁᧉ

expansion: Lü ᦄᧁᧉ (ṅgaw²)

ငဝ်ႈ

expansion: Shan ငဝ်ႈ (ngāo)

vi

ngó

expansion: Vietnamese ngó

other: เหง้า

roman: e h ŋ ˆ ā

other: เง่า

roman: e ŋ ˋ ā

roman: ngâo

ipa: /ŋaw˥˩/


เหงา

text:
2016, เพิ่มศักดิ์ พิสิษฐ์สังฆการ et al, เหงา เหงา:
ที่เราห่างกันอย่างนี้ไม่รู้ว่าเธอนั้นรู้สึกอย่างไร เหงาเหมือนฉันบ้างไหม
tîi rao hàang gan yàang níi mâi rúu wâa təə nán rúu-sʉ̀k yàang rai · ngǎo mʉ̌ʉan gan bâang mǎi
When we both are parted like this, I never know how you would feel. Would you somehow be lonely as me?

links: lonely lonely

th-adj

expansion: เหงา • (ngǎo) (abstract noun ความเหงา)

forms:
ngǎo (romanization)
ความเหงา (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: Uncertain. Cognate with Isan เหงา (ŋaw¹), Lao ເຫງົາ (ngao, “lonely”), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢᩣ (ŋaw¹), Khün ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢᩣ (ŋaw¹), Lü ᦄᧁ (ṅgaw), Tai Dam ꪹꪈꪱ (ngau), Shan ငဝ် (ngǎo), Tai Nüa ᥒᥝᥴ (ngáw). Compare Shan ငႅဝ် (ngěao, “to fear (as a person alone); to be timid; etc”).

unc

expansion: Uncertain

tts

เหงา

tr: ŋaw¹

expansion: Isan เหงา (ŋaw¹)

lo

ເຫງົາ

t: lonely

expansion: Lao ເຫງົາ (ngao, “lonely”)

nod

ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢᩣ (ŋaw¹)

kkh

expansion: Khün ᩉ᩠ᨦᩮᩢᩣ (ŋaw¹)

ᦄᧁ

expansion: Lü ᦄᧁ (ṅgaw)

ꪹꪈꪱ

tr: ngau

expansion: Tai Dam ꪹꪈꪱ (ngau)

ငဝ်

expansion: Shan ငဝ် (ngǎo)

ᥒᥝᥴ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥒᥝᥴ (ngáw)

ငႅဝ်

other: เหงา

roman: e h ŋ ā

other: เหฺงา

roman: e h ̥ ŋ ā

roman: ngǎo

ipa: /ŋaw˩˩˦/


เหงา

links: type type

links: กระหนก กระหนก#Thai

links: pattern pattern

links: traditional traditional

links: Thai Thai

links: art art

glosses: a type of กระหนก (grà-nòk, “pattern in traditional Thai art”).

th-noun

expansion: เหงา • (ngǎo)

forms: ngǎo (romanization)

etymology_text: Uncertain.


กลั้น

links: restrain restrain

links: suppress suppress

links:
hold back
hold back

links: inhibit inhibit

links: bodily bodily

links: functions functions

links: expressions expressions

links: emotion emotion

glosses: to restrain, suppress, hold back, inhibit (regular bodily functions, expressions of emotion)

links: refrain refrain

links: performing performing

glosses: to refrain from (performing a bodily function, expressing emotion)

th-verb

expansion: กลั้น • (glân) (abstract noun การกลั้น)

forms:
glân (romanization)
การกลั้น (abstract-noun)

อดกลั้น

roman: òt-glân

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *klanꟲ. Cognate with Lao ກັ້ນ (kan), Shan ၵၼ်ႈ (kān).

inh

tai-pro

*klanꟲ

expansion: Proto-Tai *klanꟲ

cog

ກັ້ນ

expansion: Lao ກັ້ນ (kan)

ၵၼ်ႈ

expansion: Shan ၵၼ်ႈ (kān)

other: กลั้น

roman: k l ạ ˆ n

other: กฺลั้น

roman: k ̥ l ạ ˆ n

roman: glân

roman: klan

ipa: /klan˥˩/


กั้น

links:
cut off
cut off

links: coming coming

links: between between

links:
shut off
shut off

links: bar bar

links: block block

glosses: to cut off (by coming between), to shut off, bar, block

links: shelter shelter

links: cover cover

links: sheltered sheltered

th-verb

expansion: กั้น • (gân) (abstract noun การกั้น)

forms:
gân (romanization)
การกั้น (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: Compare Middle Chinese 干 (MC kan, “shield; to interfere”), Lao ກັ້ນ (kan), Shan ၵၼ်ႈ (kān).

ltc

expansion: Middle Chinese

ltc-l

干

shield; to interfere

expansion: 干 (MC kan, “shield; to interfere”)

other: กั้น

roman: k ạ ˆ n

roman: gân

roman: kan

ipa: /kan˥˩/


กั่น

links: heft heft

links: knife knife#English

th-noun

expansion: กั่น • (gàn)

forms: gàn (romanization)

other: กั่น

roman: k ạ ˋ n

roman: gàn

ipa: /kan˨˩/


กลั่น

links: distill distill

links: extract extract

th-verb

expansion: กลั่น • (glàn) (abstract noun การกลั่น)

forms:
glàn (romanization)
การกลั่น (abstract-noun)

กลั่นกรอง

roman: glàn-grɔɔng

น้ำกลั่น

roman: náam-glàn

โรงกลั่นน้ำมัน

roman: roong-glàn-nám-man

etymology_text: Compare Old Chinese 揀 (OC *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns, “to choose, to pick”). Cognate with Lao ກັ່ນ (kan).

cog

expansion: Old Chinese

och-l

揀

to choose, to pick

cog

ກັ່ນ

expansion: Lao ກັ່ນ (kan)

other: กลั่น

roman: k l ạ ˋ n

other: กฺลั่น

roman: k ̥ l ạ ˋ n

roman: glàn

ipa: /klan˨˩/


男裝

links: men's men

links: clothing clothing

head

zh

noun

expansion: 男裝

zh_pron: nánzhuāng

zh_pron: ㄋㄢˊ ㄓㄨㄤ

zh_pron: naam⁴ zong¹

zh_pron: nang² zorng¹

zh_pron: lâm-chong

zh_pron: nánjhuang

zh_pron: nán-jwāng

zh_pron: nanjuang

zh_pron: наньчжуан

roman: nanʹčžuan

ipa: /nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

zh_pron: nàahm jōng

zh_pron: naam⁴ dzong¹

zh_pron: nam⁴ zong¹

ipa: /naːm²¹ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

zh_pron: nang⁵ norng¹

zh_pron: náng-Co̤ng

ipa: /naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡s-))nɒŋ⁵³³/

ipa: /naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))nɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

zh_pron: lâm-tsong

zh_pron: lamzofng

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ³³/

ipa: /lam¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

forms: 男装 (Simplified-Chinese)


男裝

links: wear wear

links: men man

links: cross-dress cross-dress

raw_glosses: (neologism, of a female) to wear men's clothing; to cross-dress

女裝

roman: nǚzhuāng

ipa: /nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

ipa: /naːm²¹ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ³³/

ipa: /lam¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

ipa: /lam²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/


男裝

links: hanja hanja#English

links: 남장 남장#Korean

links: cross-dressing cross-dressing

glosses: hanja form of 남장 (“female-to-male cross-dressing”)

남장

extra: female-to-male cross-dressing

ko-noun

rv: namjang

hangeul: 남장

expansion: 男裝 • (namjang) (hangeul 남장)

forms:
namjang (romanization)
남장 (hangeul)


กัน

links: together together

links: jointly jointly

links: altogether altogether

links:
each other
each other

links:
one another
one another

th-adv

expansion: กัน • (gan)

forms: gan (romanization)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *kanᴬ (“each other; together”). Cognate with Lao ກັນ (kan), Lü ᦂᧃ (k̇an), Shan ၵၼ် (kǎn), Ahom 𑜀𑜃𑜫 (kan).

inh

*kanᴬ

each other; together

cog

ກັນ

expansion: Lao ກັນ (kan)

ᦂᧃ

expansion: Lü ᦂᧃ (k̇an)

shn

ၵၼ်

expansion: Shan ၵၼ် (kǎn)

𑜀𑜃𑜫

expansion: Ahom 𑜀𑜃𑜫 (kan)

other: กัน

roman: k ạ n

roman: gan

ipa: /kan˧/

homophone: กรร

homophone: กรรฐ์

homophone: กรรณ

homophone: กรรม์

homophone: กัญ

homophone: กัณฐ์

homophone: กัณฑ์

homophone: กัณณ์

homophone: กัณห์

homophone: กันต์

homophone: กันย์

homophone: กัลป์


กัน

raw_glosses: (slang, obsolete) a first person pronoun used when speaking to a male friend

กันและกัน

roman: gan-lɛ́-gan

เจอกัน

roman: jəə-gan

ด้วยกัน

roman: dûai-gan

เดียวกัน

roman: diao-gan

พร้อมกัน

roman: prɔ́ɔm-gan

ยุ่งเหมือนยุงตีกัน

roman: yûng-mʉ̌ʉan-yung-dtii-gan

ร่วมกัน

roman: rûuam-gan

เลิกกัน

roman: lə̂ək-gan

เหมือนกัน

roman: mʉ̌ʉan-gan

inh

expansion: Proto-Tai *kanᴬ (“each other; together”)


กัน

links: hinder hinder

links: prevent prevent

links: bar bar

raw_glosses: (transitive) to hinder; to prevent; to bar

links: reserve reserve

links:
set aside
set aside

links: keep keep

raw_glosses: (transitive) to set aside; to keep (out, away, etc)

th-verb

expansion: กัน • (gan) (abstract noun การกัน)

forms:
gan (romanization)
การกัน (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: From Middle Chinese 干 (MC kan, “to shield; to protect”). Cognate with Lao ກັນ (kan), Tai Dam ꪀꪽ, Shan ၵၼ် (kǎn), Khmer កាល់ (kal).

bor

ltc

ltc-l

to shield; to protect

expansion: 干 (MC kan, “to shield; to protect”)

cog

blt

ꪀꪽ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪀꪽ

km

កាល់

expansion: Khmer កាល់ (kal)

roman: kan


กัน

links: type type

links: war war

links: elephant elephant

links: employ employ

links: surround surround

links: protect protect

links: military military

links: body body

raw_glosses: (archaic) a type of war elephants employed to surround and protect a military body

links: barge barge

links: use use

links: royal royal

links: both both

links: side side

glosses: a type of barges in the royal barge procession, used to protect a royal barge on both sides

กักกัน

roman: gàk-gan

กันกระสุน

roman: gan-grà-sǔn

กันชน

roman: gan-chon

กันแดด

roman: gan-dɛ̀ɛt

กันฝน

roman: gan-fǒn

กันสาด

roman: gan-sàat

คุ้มกัน

roman: kúm-gan

ป้องกัน

roman: bpɔ̂ng-gan

ผ้ากันเปื้อน

roman: pâa-gan-bpʉ̂ʉan

สารกันบูด

roman: sǎan-gan-bùut

เสื้อกันฝน

roman: sʉ̂ʉa-gan-fǒn

เสื้อกันหนาว

roman: sʉ̂ʉa-gan-nǎao

หมวกกันน็อก

roman: mùuak-gan-nɔ́k

ประกัน

roman: bprà-gan

bor

expansion: Middle Chinese


กัน

links: eyebrow eyebrow

links: mustache mustache

links: hair hair

links: shape shape

links: especially especially

links: shaving shave

links: trim trim

raw_glosses: (transitive, of eyebrows, mustaches, hair, etc) to shape, especially by shaving or trimming

qualifier: mustaches; hair; etc; mustaches; hair; etc

พู่กัน

roman: pûu-gan

etymology_text: Possibly from Old Khmer កាល្ល៑ (kāll, “to trim close to the root or flush with the ground”). Cognate with Modern Khmer កាល់ (kal).

okz

កាល្ល៑

tr: kāll

roman: k ạ n

roman: gan


คัน

links: rod rod

links: handle handle

th-noun

expansion: คัน • (kan)

forms: kan (romanization)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *galᴬ (“handle; rod”).
Cognate with Lao ຄັນ (khan), Tai Nüa ᥐᥢᥰ (kän), Zhuang gaenz, Zuojiang Zhuang kaenz.
Compare Middle Chinese 杆 (MC kanH, “rod”).

inh

*galᴬ

handle; rod

expansion: Proto-Tai *galᴬ (“handle; rod”)

cog

ຄັນ

expansion: Lao ຄັນ (khan)

tdd

ᥐᥢᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥐᥢᥰ (kän)

za

gaenz

expansion: Zhuang gaenz

zzj

kaenz

expansion: Zuojiang Zhuang kaenz

ltc-l

杆

rod

expansion: 杆 (MC kanH, “rod”)

other: คัน

roman: g ạ n

roman: kan

roman: khan

ipa: /kʰan˧/

homophone: ครรภ์

homophone: คันถ์

homophone: คันธ์

homophone: คัล


คัน

links: long long

links: article article

links: umbrella umbrella

links: vehicle vehicle

links: spoon spoon

links: fork fork

glosses: Classifier for long articles, such as umbrella, vehicle, spoon, fork, etc. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

links: cart cart

glosses: Classifier for vehicles other than carts. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

pos: classifier

กลางคัน

roman: glaang-kan

คันชัก

roman: kan-chák

คันเบ็ด

roman: kan-bèt

คันโยก

roman: kan-yôok

inh

th

tai-pro


คัน

links: dike dike

links: ridge ridge

forms:
kan (romanization)
ฅัน (alternative)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *ɣalᴬ (“dike between rice fields”).
Cognate with Lao ຄັນ (khan), Lü ᦅᧃ (kan), Shan ၵၼ်း (kán), Zhuang haenz (“shore; dike”).

*ɣalᴬ

dike between rice fields

cog

khb

ᦅᧃ

expansion: Lü ᦅᧃ (kan)

ၵၼ်း

expansion: Shan ၵၼ်း (kán)

haenz

shore; dike

expansion: Zhuang haenz (“shore; dike”)


คัน

links: itch itch

th-verb

expansion: คัน • (kan) (abstract noun การคัน)

forms:
kan (romanization)
การคัน (abstract-noun)
ฅัน (alternative)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *ɣalᴬ (“to itch”).
Cognate with Isan คัน, Lao ຄັນ (khan), Northern Thai ᨤᩢ᩠ᨶ (xan⁴), Khün ᨤᩢ᩠ᨶ (khan⁴), Lü ᦆᧃ (xan), Shan ၶၼ်း (khán, “full of lascivious desire”), Tai Nüa ᥑᥢᥰ (xän, “sexually active”), Zhuang haenz.

inh

to itch

expansion: Proto-Tai *ɣalᴬ (“to itch”)

tts

คัน

expansion: Isan คัน

ᨤᩢ᩠ᨶ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨤᩢ᩠ᨶ (xan⁴)

expansion: Khün ᨤᩢ᩠ᨶ (khan⁴)

ᦆᧃ

expansion: Lü ᦆᧃ (xan)

ၶၼ်း

t: full of lascivious desire

ᥑᥢᥰ

t: sexually active

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥑᥢᥰ (xän, “sexually active”)

expansion: Zhuang haenz


ᦗᦸᧈ

links: father father

khb-noun

expansion: ᦗᦸᧈ • (poa¹)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *boːᴮ (“father”).
Cognate with Thai พ่อ (pɔ̂ɔ), Northern Thai ᨻᩬᩴ᩵, Southern Thai ผอ, Lao ພໍ່ (phǭ), Shan ပေႃႈ (pāu), Tai Nüa ᥙᥨᥝ (pow), Aiton ပေႃ (pō), Ahom 𑜆𑜦𑜡 (pō) or 𑜆𑜨𑜦𑜡 (pwō), Zhuang boh, Bouyei boh, Saek ผ้อ.

*boːᴮ

father

expansion: Proto-Tai *boːᴮ (“father”)

cog

พ่อ

expansion: Thai พ่อ (pɔ̂ɔ)

ᨻᩬᩴ᩵

expansion: Northern Thai ᨻᩬᩴ᩵

sou

ผอ

expansion: Southern Thai ผอ

lo

ພໍ່

expansion: Lao ພໍ່ (phǭ)

ပေႃႈ

expansion: Shan ပေႃႈ (pāu)

ᥙᥨᥝ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥙᥨᥝ (pow)

aio

ပေႃ

expansion: Aiton ပေႃ (pō)

aho

𑜆𑜦𑜡

expansion: Ahom 𑜆𑜦𑜡 (pō)

boh

expansion: Zhuang boh

pcc

expansion: Bouyei boh

skb

ผ้อ

expansion: Saek ผ้อ

ipa: /pɔː˧/


ᦶᦙᧈ

links: mother mother

khb-noun

l: ᨾᩯ᩵

expansion: ᦶᦙᧈ • (mae¹) (Tai Tham spelling ᨾᩯ᩵)

forms: spelling ᨾᩯ᩵ (Tai-Tham)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *meːᴮ (“mother”). Cognate with Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ), Northern Thai ᨾᩯ᩵, Lao ແມ່ (mǣ), Shan မႄႈ (māae), Ahom 𑜉𑜦𑜧 (mē), Bouyei meeh, Zhuang meh.

inh

tai-pro

*meːᴮ

mother

expansion: Proto-Tai *meːᴮ (“mother”)

แม่

expansion: Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ)

nod

ᨾᩯ᩵

expansion: Northern Thai ᨾᩯ᩵

ແມ່

expansion: Lao ແມ່ (mǣ)

မႄႈ

expansion: Shan မႄႈ (māae)

𑜉𑜦𑜧

expansion: Ahom 𑜉𑜦𑜧 (mē)

meeh

expansion: Bouyei meeh

meh

expansion: Zhuang meh

ipa: /mɛː˧/


ᦷᦕ

links: husband husband

khb-noun

ᦅᦳᧃ

expansion: ᦷᦕ • (ṗho) (classifier ᦅᦳᧃ)

forms:
ṗho (romanization)
ᦅᦳᧃ (classifier)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *pʰuəᴬ (“husband”), from Middle Chinese 夫 (MC pju). Cognate with Thai ผัว (pǔua), Lao ຜົວ (phūa), Shan ၽူဝ် (phǒ).

tai-swe-pro

*pʰuəᴬ

husband

der

ltc

expansion: Middle Chinese

ltc-l

夫

expansion: 夫 (MC pju)

cog

ผัว

expansion: Thai ผัว (pǔua)

ຜົວ

expansion: Lao ຜົວ (phūa)

shn

ၽူဝ်

expansion: Shan ၽူဝ် (phǒ)

ipa: /pʰoː˥/


ผัว

th-noun

expansion: ผัว • (pǔua)

forms: pǔua (romanization)

คู่ผัวตัวเมีย

roman: kûu-pǔua-dtuua-miia

พ่อผัว

roman: pɔ̂ɔ-pǔua

แม่ผัว

roman: mɛ̂ɛ-pǔua

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *pʰuəᴬ (“husband”), from Middle Chinese 夫 (MC pju). Cognate with Ahom 𑜇𑜥 (phū), Lao ຜົວ (phūa), Lü ᦷᦕ (ṗho), Northern Thai ᨹ᩠ᩅᩫ, Khün ᨹ᩠ᩅᩫ, Shan ၽူဝ် (phǒ).

inh

𑜇𑜥

expansion: Ahom 𑜇𑜥 (phū)

ᦷᦕ

expansion: Lü ᦷᦕ (ṗho)

ᨹ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨹ᩠ᩅᩫ

kkh

expansion: Khün ᨹ᩠ᩅᩫ

other: ผัว

roman: pʰ ạ w

roman: pǔua

roman: phua

ipa: /pʰua̯˩˩˦/


ᦷᦠ

links: head head

links: front front

links: forepart forepart

links: upper upper

links: part part

links: top top

khb-noun

l: ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ

l2: ᩉᩰ

expansion: ᦷᦠ • (ḣo) (Tai Tham spelling ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ or ᩉᩰ)

forms:
ḣo (romanization)
spelling ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ (Tai-Tham)
ᩉᩰ (Tai-Tham)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *truəᴬ. Cognate with Ahom 𑜍𑜥 (rū), Thai หัว (hǔua), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ, Lao ຫົວ (hūa), Tai Dam ꪬꪺ, Shan ႁူဝ် (hǒ).

*truəᴬ

expansion: Proto-Tai *truəᴬ

cog

𑜍𑜥

expansion: Ahom 𑜍𑜥 (rū)

หัว

expansion: Thai หัว (hǔua)

ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ

ຫົວ

expansion: Lao ຫົວ (hūa)

blt

ꪬꪺ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪬꪺ

ႁူဝ်

expansion: Shan ႁူဝ် (hǒ)

ipa: /hoː˥/


ᦷᦃ

links: bridge bridge

khb-noun

ᦜᦲᧄᧉ

ᦜᧂ

expansion: ᦷᦃ • (ẋo) (classifier ᦜᦲᧄᧉ or ᦜᧂ)

forms:
ẋo (romanization)
ᦜᦲᧄᧉ (classifier)
ᦜᧂ (classifier)

etymology_text: Cognate with Thai ขัว (kǔua), Isan ขัว, Lao ຂົວ (khūa), Northern Thai ᨡ᩠ᩅᩫ, Khün ᨡ᩠ᩅᩫ, Tai Dam ꪄꪺ, Shan ၶူဝ် (khǒ), Tai Nüa ᥑᥨᥝᥴ (xów).

ขัว

expansion: Thai ขัว (kǔua)

expansion: Isan ขัว

ຂົວ

expansion: Lao ຂົວ (khūa)

ᨡ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨡ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Khün ᨡ᩠ᩅᩫ

ꪄꪺ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪄꪺ

ၶူဝ်

expansion: Shan ၶူဝ် (khǒ)

tdd

ᥑᥨᥝᥴ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥑᥨᥝᥴ (xów)

ipa: /xoː˥/


ᦷᦃ

links: laugh laugh

khb-verb

expansion: ᦷᦃ • (ẋo) (abstract noun ᦂᦱᧃᦷᦃ)

forms:
ẋo (romanization)
ᦂᦱᧃᦷᦃ (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *krɯəwᴬ. Cognate with Thai หัว (hǔua), Lao ຫົວ (hūa).

inh

tai-pro

*krɯəwᴬ

expansion: Proto-Tai *krɯəwᴬ

cog

th


changgi

links: janggi janggi#English

en-noun

expansion: changgi (uncountable)


ᦷᦂ

links: afraid afraid

khb-verb

l: ᨠᩰ

expansion: ᦷᦂ • (k̇o) (Tai Tham spelling ᨠᩰ, abstract noun ᦂᦱᧃᦷᦂ)

forms:
k̇o (romanization)
spelling ᨠᩰ (Tai-Tham)
ᦂᦱᧃᦷᦂ (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: Cognate with Thai กลัว (gluua), Lao ກົວ (kūa), Isan กัว, Northern Thai ᨠᩖ᩠ᩅᩫ, Khün ᨠ᩠ᩅᩫ, Shan ၵူဝ် (kǒ), Tai Dam ꪀꪺ, Tai Nüa ᥐᥨᥝ (kow), Ahom 𑜀𑜥 (kū).

cog

กลัว

expansion: Thai กลัว (gluua)

ກົວ

expansion: Lao ກົວ (kūa)

กัว

expansion: Isan กัว

ᨠᩖ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨠᩖ᩠ᩅᩫ

ᨠ᩠ᩅᩫ

expansion: Khün ᨠ᩠ᩅᩫ

ၵူဝ်

expansion: Shan ၵူဝ် (kǒ)

ꪀꪺ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪀꪺ

ᥐᥨᥝ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥐᥨᥝ (kow)

𑜀𑜥

expansion: Ahom 𑜀𑜥 (kū)

ipa: /koː˥/


miģele

text: pie assinssūcējiem divspārņiem pieder odi, knišļi, miģeles, mušas un dunduri

translation: to the bloodsucking diptera belong: mosquitos, blackflies, midges, flies, and horseflies

links: midge midge

links: midget midget

links: small small#English

links: insect insect#English

links: order order#English

links: Diptera Diptera#Translingual

links: family family#English

links: suck suck#English

links: blood blood#English

links: resemble resemble#English

links: flies fly#English

glosses: midge, midget (small insects of the order Diptera (family: Ceratopogonidae) that suck blood and resemble flies)

head

lv

noun

5th declension

expansion: miģele f (5th declension)

lv-noun

f

lv-decl-noun

miģe

e

l

ļ

lv-decl-noun-table

miģele

miģeles

miģeli

miģeles

miģeles

miģeļu

miģelei

miģelēm

miģeli

miģelēm

miģelē

miģelēs

miģele

miģeles

forms:
miģele (nominative singular)
miģeles (nominative plural)
miģeles (genitive singular)
miģeļu (genitive plural)
miģelei (dative singular)
miģelēm (dative plural)
miģeli (accusative singular)
miģeles (accusative plural)
miģeli (instrumental singular)
miģelēm (instrumental plural)
miģelē (locative singular)
miģelēs (locative plural)
miģele (singular vocative)
miģeles (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Apparently a borrowing from a Germanic language (compare English midge, German Mücke, German Low German Mügg, Mügge, Dutch Low Saxon mugge).

en

midge

expansion: English midge

de

Mücke

expansion: German Mücke

nds-de

Mügg

expansion: German Low German Mügg

nds-nl

mugge

expansion: Dutch Low Saxon mugge


knislis

text: knislis sīc

translation: the blackfly is buzzing

english: the blackfly is buzzing

text: jaukā laikā odi un knišļi cēlās augstu gaisā

translation: in nice weather the mosquitos and blackflies rise high in the air

translation: to the bloodsucking diptera belong: mosquitos, blackflies, midges, flies and horseflies

links: blackfly blackfly

links: Simuliidae Simuliidae#Translingual

glosses: blackfly (small insects of the order Diptera (family: Simuliidae) that suck blood and resemble flies)

head

g: m

2nd declension

expansion: knislis m (2nd declension)

lv-noun

m

lv-decl-noun

kni

is

sl

šļ

knislis

knišļi

knisli

knišļus

knišļa

knišļu

knislim

knišļiem

knisli

knišļiem

knislī

knišļos

knisli

knišļi

forms:
knislis (nominative singular)
knišļi (nominative plural)
knišļa (genitive singular)
knišļu (genitive plural)
knislim (dative singular)
knišļiem (dative plural)
knisli (accusative singular)
knišļus (accusative plural)
knisli (instrumental singular)
knišļiem (instrumental plural)
knislī (locative singular)
knišļos (locative plural)
knisli (singular vocative)
knišļi (plural vocative)
knisis (alternative)
knausis (alternative)
knauslis (alternative)
knusis (alternative)

etymology_text: Derived from the verb knist (“to itch”) (q.v.). Some dialectal variants (knausis, knauslis, knusis) have the same basic root (Proto-Indo-European *ken-, *kn-), but with a different suffix and/or ablaut form.

uder

ine-pro

*ken-

expansion: Proto-Indo-European *ken-


ᦍᦱᧄ

links: season season

links: time time

khb-noun

l: ᨿᩣ᩠ᨾ

expansion: ᦍᦱᧄ • (yaam) (Tai Tham spelling ᨿᩣ᩠ᨾ)

forms:
yaam (romanization)
spelling ᨿᩣ᩠ᨾ (Tai-Tham)

etymology_text: Compare Thai ยาม (yaam).

cog

ยาม

expansion: Thai ยาม (yaam)

ipa: /jaːm˥˩/


ᦔᦹᧃ

links: arrow arrow

khb-noun

expansion: ᦔᦹᧃ • (ṗuen) (classifier ᦜᦲᧄᧉ)

forms:
ṗuen (romanization)
ᦜᦲᧄᧉ (classifier)

etymology_text: Compare Thai ปืน (bpʉʉn) and Zhuang bwn.

ปืน

expansion: Thai ปืน (bpʉʉn)

za

bwn

expansion: Zhuang bwn

ipa: /pɯn˥/


ליטע

links: country country

links: Europe Europe#English

glosses: Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe)

head

yi

proper noun

expansion: ליטע • (lite) f

forms: lite (romanization)

ליטוואַק

roman: litvak

ליטווינער

roman: litviner

ליטוויש

roman: litvish

etymology_text: Ultimately from Lithuanian Lietuvà, compare Polish Litwa, Russian Литва́ (Litvá).

der

lt

Lietuvà

expansion: Lithuanian Lietuvà

pl

Litwa

expansion: Polish Litwa

ru

Литва́

expansion: Russian Литва́ (Litvá)


ליטוויש

links: Lithuanian Lithuanian

yi-adj

expansion: ליטוויש • (litvish)

forms:
litvish (romanization)
ליטוויש (predicative)
ליטווישער (masculine nominative)
ליטוויש (indefinite neuter nominative)
ליטווישע (definite neuter nominative)
ליטווישס (neuter nominative postpositional)
ליטווישע (feminine nominative)
ליטווישע (nominative plural)
ליטווישן (accusative masculine)
ליטוויש (accusative indefinite neuter)
ליטווישע (accusative definite neuter)
ליטווישס (accusative neuter postpositional)
ליטווישע (accusative feminine)
ליטווישע (accusative plural)
ליטווישן (dative masculine)
ליטוויש (dative indefinite neuter)
ליטווישן (dative definite neuter)
ליטווישן (dative neuter postpositional)
ליטווישער (dative feminine)
ליטווישע (dative plural)

ליטווישקייט

roman: litvishkeyt

etymology_text: From Polish Litwa or Russian Литва́ (Litvá) + ־יש (-ish).

suffix

יש

expansion: Russian Литва́ (Litvá) + ־יש (-ish)

ipa: /ˈɫɪtvɪʃ/


ליטוויש

links: Litvish Litvish

links: Yiddish Yiddish

links: Yiddish Yiddish#English

glosses: Litvish, Lithuanian Yiddish, Northeastern Yiddish (the dialect of Yiddish traditionally spoken in Lithuania, Belarus, southern Latvia, northern and eastern Ukraine and western Russia)

head

noun

g: n

expansion: ליטוויש • (litvish) n

forms: litvish (romanization)

ליטווינער

english: Lithuanian (non-Jewish)

translation: Lithuanian (non-Jewish)

ליטע

roman: lite

english: Lithuania

translation: Lithuania

ליטוואַק

english: Lithuanian Jew

translation: Lithuanian Jew

פּויליש

roman: poylish

english: Polish, Polish (language): Poylish (the Polish dialect of Yiddish)

אוקראַיִניש

roman: ukrainish

english: Ukrainian, Ukrainian (language); Ukraynish (the Ukrainian dialect of Yiddish)


ᦵᦙᦲᧂ

links: city city

khb-noun

ᦑᦲᧈ

l: ᨾᩮᩥ᩠ᨦ

expansion: ᦵᦙᦲᧂ • (moeng) (Tai Tham spelling ᨾᩮᩥ᩠ᨦ, classifier ᦑᦲᧈ or ᦵᦙᦲᧂ)

forms:
moeng (romanization)
spelling ᨾᩮᩥ᩠ᨦ (Tai-Tham)
ᦑᦲᧈ (classifier)
ᦵᦙᦲᧂ (classifier)

ᦔᦳᧅᧈᦵᦙᦲᧂ

english: map

translation: map

ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦶᦉ

roman: moengṡae

english: Kunming

translation: Kunming

ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦍᦸᧂ

roman: moengyoang

ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦺᦒ

roman: moengthay

english: Thailand

translation: Thailand

ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦟᦱ

roman: moenglaa

ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦠᦸᧉ

english: China

translation: China

ᦵᦞᦇ

roman: veng

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *mɯəŋᴬ (“township”). Cognate with Thai เมือง (mʉʉang), Northern Thai ᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ, Lao ເມືອງ (mư̄ang), Tai Dam ꪹꪣꪉ, Shan မိူင်း (móeng), Tai Nüa ᥛᥫᥒᥰ (möeng), Ahom 𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (müṅ).

inh

khb

tai-pro

*mɯəŋᴬ

township

expansion: Proto-Tai *mɯəŋᴬ (“township”)

cog

เมือง

expansion: Thai เมือง (mʉʉang)

nod

ᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ

lo

ເມືອງ

expansion: Lao ເມືອງ (mư̄ang)

blt

ꪹꪣꪉ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪹꪣꪉ

shn

မိူင်း

expansion: Shan မိူင်း (móeng)

ᥛᥫᥒᥰ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥛᥫᥒᥰ (möeng)

aho

𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫

expansion: Ahom 𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (müṅ)

ipa: /mɤŋ˥˩/


ᦔᦱ

links: fish fish

khb-noun

ᦷᦎ

l: ᨸᩣ

expansion: ᦔᦱ • (ṗaa) (Tai Tham spelling ᨸᩣ, classifier ᦷᦎ)

forms:
ṗaa (romanization)
spelling ᨸᩣ (Tai-Tham)
ᦷᦎ (classifier)

ᦔᦱᦃᦲᧄ

roman: ṗaaẋiim

ᦔᦱᦢᦲᧃ

roman: ṗaaḃiin

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”). Cognate with Thai ปลา (bplaa), Northern Thai ᨸᩖᩣ, Isan ปา, Lao ປາ (pā), Tai Dam ꪜꪱ, Shan ပႃ (pǎa), Tai Nüa ᥙᥣ (paa), Ahom 𑜆𑜠 (pa) or 𑜆𑜡 (pā), Zhuang bya, Bouyei byal, Saek ปร๋า. Compare Proto-Hlai *hlaː (“fish”) (whence ɗaː¹ ~ ɬaː¹ across different lects), Lakkia phla⁵¹, Proto-Be *ɓaːᴬ¹ (whence ɓa¹ in modern lects).

inh

*plaːᴬ

fish

expansion: Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”)

th

ปลา

expansion: Thai ปลา (bplaa)

ᨸᩖᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨸᩖᩣ

tts

ปา

expansion: Isan ปา

ປາ

expansion: Lao ປາ (pā)

ꪜꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪜꪱ

ပႃ

expansion: Shan ပႃ (pǎa)

tdd

ᥙᥣ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥙᥣ (paa)

𑜆𑜠

expansion: Ahom 𑜆𑜠 (pa)

bya

expansion: Zhuang bya

pcc

byal

expansion: Bouyei byal

skb

ปร๋า

expansion: Saek ปร๋า

qfa-lic-pro

*hlaː

fish

expansion: Proto-Hlai *hlaː (“fish”)

lbc

expansion: Lakkia

qfa-onb-pro

*ɓaːᴬ¹

expansion: Proto-Be *ɓaːᴬ¹

ipa: /paː˥/

rhymes: -aː


ᦔᦴ

text: ᦓᧄᧉᦔᦴ

translation: crab paste

english: crab paste

links: crab crab

khb-noun

expansion: ᦔᦴ • (ṗuu) (classifier ᦷᦎ)

forms:
ṗuu (romanization)
ᦷᦎ (classifier)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *puːᴬ¹ (“crab”), from Proto-Tai *pɯwᴬ (“crab”). Cognate with Thai ปู (bpuu), Lao ປູ (pū), Tai Dam ꪜꪴ, Shan ပူ (pǔu), Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū), Zhuang baeu, Bouyei baul.

tai-swe-pro

*puːᴬ¹

crab

expansion: Proto-Southwestern Tai *puːᴬ¹ (“crab”)

tai-pro

*pɯwᴬ

expansion: Proto-Tai *pɯwᴬ (“crab”)

cog

ปู

expansion: Thai ปู (bpuu)

ປູ

expansion: Lao ປູ (pū)

ꪜꪴ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪜꪴ

ပူ

expansion: Shan ပူ (pǔu)

𑜆𑜥

expansion: Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū)

za

baeu

expansion: Zhuang baeu

baul

expansion: Bouyei baul

ipa: /puː˥/


ᦂᦱ

links: crow crow

khb-noun

l: ᨠᩣ

expansion: ᦂᦱ • (k̇aa) (Tai Tham spelling ᨠᩣ)

forms:
k̇aa (romanization)
spelling ᨠᩣ (Tai-Tham)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”). Cognate with Thai กา (gaa), Northern Thai ᨠᩣ, Lao ກາ (kā), Shan ၵႃ (kǎa), Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa), Tai Dam ꪀꪱ, Zhuang roegga, Tày ca.

inh

*kaːᴬ

crow

expansion: Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”)

กา

expansion: Thai กา (gaa)

ᨠᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨠᩣ

ກາ

expansion: Lao ກາ (kā)

ၵႃ

expansion: Shan ၵႃ (kǎa)

ᥐᥣ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa)

ꪀꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪀꪱ

roegga

expansion: Zhuang roegga

tyz

ca

expansion: Tày ca

ipa: /kaː˥/


ᦖᦱ

links: dog dog

khb-noun

l: ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ

expansion: ᦖᦱ • (ṁaa) (Tai Tham spelling ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ, classifier ᦷᦎ)

forms:
ṁaa (romanization)
spelling ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ (Tai-Tham)
ᦷᦎ (classifier)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with Ahom 𑜉𑜡 (mā), Aiton မႃ (mā), Tai Dam ꪢꪱ, Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥴ (máa), Lao ໝາ (mā), Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa), Thai หมา (mǎa), , Shan မႃ (mǎa), Zhuang ma, Saek หม่า.

khb

*ʰmaːᴬ

gloss: dog

expansion: Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”)

cog

𑜉𑜡

expansion: Ahom 𑜉𑜡 (mā)

aio

မႃ

expansion: Aiton မႃ (mā)

ꪢꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪢꪱ

ᥛᥣᥴ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥴ (máa)

ໝາ

expansion: Lao ໝາ (mā)

ᦖᦱ

expansion: Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa)

หมา

expansion: Thai หมา (mǎa)

expansion: Shan မႃ (mǎa)

ma

expansion: Zhuang ma

หม่า

expansion: Saek หม่า

ipa: /maː˥/


ᦠᦱ

links: find find

links: visit visit

khb-verb

expansion: ᦠᦱ • (ḣaa) (abstract noun ᦂᦱᧃᦠᦱ)

forms:
ḣaa (romanization)
ᦂᦱᧃᦠᦱ (abstract-noun)

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *kraᴬ (“to seek”). Cognate with Thai หา (hǎa), Northern Thai ᩉᩣ, Lao ຫາ (hā), Tai Dam ꪬꪱ, Shan ႁႃ (hǎa), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥴ (xáa), Ahom 𑜁𑜡 (khā) or 𑜁𑜞𑜠 (khra), Zhuang ra, Saek หร่า.

inh

tai-pro

*kraᴬ

to seek

expansion: Proto-Tai *kraᴬ (“to seek”)

หา

expansion: Thai หา (hǎa)

nod

ᩉᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᩉᩣ

lo

ຫາ

expansion: Lao ຫາ (hā)

ꪬꪱ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪬꪱ

ႁႃ

expansion: Shan ႁႃ (hǎa)

ᥑᥣᥴ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥴ (xáa)

𑜁𑜡

expansion: Ahom 𑜁𑜡 (khā)

ra

expansion: Zhuang ra

หร่า

expansion: Saek หร่า

ipa: /haː˥/


ᦃᦱ

links: leg leg

khb-noun

expansion: ᦃᦱ • (ẋaa)

forms: ẋaa (romanization)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *qaːᴬ (“leg”), Proto-Tai *p.qaːᴬ (“leg”). Cognate with Thai ขา (kǎa), Northern Thai ᨡᩣ, Lao ຂາ (khā), Shan ၶႃ (khǎa), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥴ (xáa), Ahom 𑜁𑜡 (khā), Bouyei gal, Zhuang ga.

tai-swe-pro

*qaːᴬ

leg

expansion: Proto-Southwestern Tai *qaːᴬ (“leg”)

expansion: Proto-Tai *p.qaːᴬ (“leg”)

cog

ขา

expansion: Thai ขา (kǎa)

ᨡᩣ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨡᩣ

ຂາ

expansion: Lao ຂາ (khā)

shn

ၶႃ

expansion: Shan ၶႃ (khǎa)

gal

expansion: Bouyei gal

ga

expansion: Zhuang ga

ipa: /xaː˥/


ᦃᦱᧁᧈ

links: news news

khb-noun

ᦆᦱᧁᧈ

expansion: ᦃᦱᧁᧈ • (ẋaaw¹) (classifier ᦆᦱᧁᧈ)

forms: ᦆᦱᧁᧈ (classifier)

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *kʰaːwᴮ¹ (“news”). Cognate with Thai ข่าว (kàao), Northern Thai ᨡ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅ, Lao ຂ່າວ (khāo), Tai Dam ꪄ꪿ꪱꪫ, Shan ၶၢဝ်ႇ (khàao), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥝᥱ (xǎaw), Phake ၵွ် (khaw), Ahom *𑜁𑜨𑜧 (*khow), Zuojiang Zhuang hauq.

inh

*kʰaːwᴮ¹

news

ข่าว

expansion: Thai ข่าว (kàao)

ᨡ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨡ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅ

ຂ່າວ

expansion: Lao ຂ່າວ (khāo)

blt

ꪄ꪿ꪱꪫ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪄ꪿ꪱꪫ

ၶၢဝ်ႇ

expansion: Shan ၶၢဝ်ႇ (khàao)

ᥑᥣᥝᥱ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥝᥱ (xǎaw)

phk

ၵွ်

expansion: Phake ၵွ် (khaw)

aho

*𑜁𑜨𑜧

expansion: Ahom *𑜁𑜨𑜧 (*khow)

zzj

hauq

expansion: Zuojiang Zhuang hauq

ipa: /xaːw˧˥/


ข่าว

th-noun

ข่าว

เรื่อง

expansion: ข่าว • (kàao) (classifier ข่าว or เรื่อง)

forms:
kàao (romanization)
ข่าว (classifier)
เรื่อง (classifier)
ฃ่าว (alternative)

ข่าวคราว

roman: kàao-kraao

ข่าวลือ

roman: kàao-lʉʉ

ข่าวสาร

roman: kàao-sǎan

ตกข่าว

roman: dtòk-kàao

แถลงข่าว

roman: tà-lɛ̌ɛng-kàao

นักข่าว

roman: nák-kàao

ผู้สื่อข่าว

roman: pûu-sʉ̀ʉ-kàao

หัวข่าว

roman: hǔua-kàao

ខាវ

roman: khaaw

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *kʰaːwᴮ¹ (“news”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨡ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅ, Lao ຂ່າວ (khāo), Lü ᦃᦱᧁᧈ (ẋaaw¹), Tai Dam ꪄ꪿ꪱꪫ, Shan ၶၢဝ်ႇ (khàao), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥝᥱ (xǎaw), Phake ၵွ် (khaw), Ahom *𑜁𑜨𑜧 (*khow), Zuojiang Zhuang hauq.

th

cog

ᦃᦱᧁᧈ

expansion: Lü ᦃᦱᧁᧈ (ẋaaw¹)

tdd

other: ข่าว

roman: kʰ ˋ ā w

roman: kàao

roman: khao

ipa: /kʰaːw˨˩/


ปู

links: thick thick

head

lwl

adjective

tr: pu

expansion: ปู (pu)

forms: pu (romanization)

ipa: /pu/


ปู

links: เนื้อ เนื้อ#Thai

links: crabmeat crabmeat

th-noun

ตัว

expansion: ปู • (bpuu) (classifier ตัว)

forms:
bpuu (romanization)
ตัว (classifier)

ปากหอยปากปู

roman: bpàak-hɔ̌i-bpàak-bpuu

ปูเสฉวน

roman: bpuu-sěe-chǔuan

etymology_text: From Proto-Southwestern Tai *puːᴬ¹ (“crab”), from Proto-Tai *pɯwᴬ (“crab”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨸᩪ, Lao ປູ (pū), Lü ᦔᦴ (ṗuu), Tai Dam ꪜꪴ, Shan ပူ (pǔu), Tai Nüa ᥙᥧ (pu), Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū), Zhuang baeu, Bouyei baul.

inh

tai-swe-pro

expansion: Proto-Southwestern Tai *puːᴬ¹ (“crab”)

tai-pro

expansion: Proto-Tai *pɯwᴬ (“crab”)

cog

ᨸᩪ

expansion: Northern Thai ᨸᩪ

ປູ

expansion: Lao ປູ (pū)

ᦔᦴ

expansion: Lü ᦔᦴ (ṗuu)

ꪜꪴ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪜꪴ

ပူ

expansion: Shan ပူ (pǔu)

ᥙᥧ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥙᥧ (pu)

𑜆𑜥

expansion: Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū)

baeu

expansion: Zhuang baeu

pcc

baul

expansion: Bouyei baul

other: ปู

roman: p ū

roman: bpuu

roman: pu

ipa: /puː˧/


ปู

links:
lay out
lay out

links:
stretch out
stretch out

links:
spread out
spread out

links: expand expand

glosses: to lay out, stretch out, spread out, or expand (something flat or a sheet of something)

links: pave pave

glosses: to pave (a road, walk, etc, with something)

links: provide provide

links: demonstrate demonstrate

raw_glosses: (figurative) to lay out, provide, or demonstrate (the basis, background, foundation, etc, of something)

th-verb

expansion: ปู • (bpuu) (abstract noun การปู)

forms:
bpuu (romanization)
การปู (abstract-noun)

ตาปู

roman: dtaa-bpuu

ผ้าปูโต๊ะ

roman: pâa-bpuu-dtó

ผ้าปูที่นอน

roman: pâa-bpuu-tîi-nɔɔn

etymology_text: Cognate with Lao ປູ (pū).


ปู

head

lcp

noun


likkōną

links: lick lick

gem-verb

expansion: *likkōną

likk

forms:
likkō (active first-person indicative singular)
likkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
likkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
likkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
likkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
likkō (active imperative second-person singular)
likkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
likkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
likkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
likkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
likkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
likkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
likkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
likkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
likkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
likkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
likkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
likkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
likkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
likkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
likkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
likkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
likkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
likkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
likkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
likkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
likkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
likkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
likkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
likkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
likkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
likkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
likkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
likkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
likkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
likkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
likkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
likkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōndz (active participle present)
likkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

*likkōn

leckōn

lëcken

לעקן

roman: lekn

*liccāre

alliccari

raw_tags: reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes

etymology_text: From Pre-Germanic *liǵʰnéh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Latin lingō (“lick”, verb).

root

gem-pro

ine-pro

*leyǵʰ-

der

to lick

expansion: Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”)

cog

la

lingō

lick

expansion: Latin lingō (“lick”, verb)


dundurs

text: dunduru laiks

translation: horsefly time, weather

english: horsefly time, weather

text: atgaiņāt dundurus

translation: to repel, drive away horseflies

english: to repel, drive away horseflies

text: rūc kā dundurs

translation: (s/he) growls like a horsefly (i.e., sings very badly)

text: dunduri ēda nost zirgus un uzbruka arī cilvēkiem, kur vien varēdami piekļūt un pasūkt asinis

translation: horseflies ate away the horses and attacked also people, wherever they could go and suck blood

links: horsefly horsefly

links: gadfly gadfly

links: flies fly#English

links: family family#English

links: Tabanidae Tabanidae#Translingual

links: especially especially#English

links: Tabanus Tabanus#Translingual

links: suck suck#English

links: blood blood#English

links: mammal mammal#English

glosses: horsefly, gadfly (medium to large flies (family: Tabanidae, especially Tabanus spp.) that suck the blood of mammals)

head

lv

1st declension

expansion: dundurs m (1st declension)

lv-noun

m

lv-decl-noun

dundur

s

lv-decl-noun-table

dundurs

dunduri

dunduru

dundurus

dundura

dunduru

dunduram

dunduriem

dunduru

dunduriem

dundurā

dunduros

dundur

dunduri

forms:
dundurs (nominative singular)
dunduri (nominative plural)
dundura (genitive singular)
dunduru (genitive plural)
dunduram (dative singular)
dunduriem (dative plural)
dunduru (accusative singular)
dundurus (accusative plural)
dunduru (instrumental singular)
dunduriem (instrumental plural)
dundurā (locative singular)
dunduros (locative plural)
dundur (singular vocative)
dunduri (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Derived from the verb dundēt (“to thunder”), etymologically a variant of dunēt (“to drone, to boom”) (q.v.): both iterative-intensive forms of a no longer existing verb *dunt (“to resound”). The word was originally a reference to the low-pitched buzzing noise made by horseflies. Cognates include Lithuanian dunduris (“thunder, thunderclap”), dundurỹs (“horsefly”), Middle Dutch dunder, German Donner (“thunder”).

lt

dunduris

thunder, thunderclap

dum

dunder

expansion: Middle Dutch dunder

de

Donner

thunder

expansion: German Donner (“thunder”)

ipa: [dūnduɾs]


dunduru

links: dundurs dundurs#Latvian

glosses:
inflection of dundurs:
accusative/instrumental singular

glosses:
inflection of dundurs:
genitive plural

head

noun form

expansion: dunduru m


dundurā

expansion: dundurā m


dundura

expansion: dundura m


dunduram

expansion: dunduram m


dunduri

expansion: dunduri m


dundurus

expansion: dundurus m


dunduros

expansion: dunduros m


dunduriem

expansion: dunduriem m


miģeli

links: miģele miģele#Latvian

glosses: accusative/instrumental singular of miģele

expansion: miģeli m


miģelē

expansion: miģelē m


miģelēs

expansion: miģelēs m


miģeles

glosses:
inflection of miģele:
genitive singular

glosses:
inflection of miģele:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural

expansion: miģeles m


miģelēm

expansion: miģelēm m


miģeļu

expansion: miģeļu m


miģelei

expansion: miģelei m


knisli

links: knislis knislis#Latvian

glosses: vocative/accusative/instrumental singular of knislis

expansion: knisli m


knislī

expansion: knislī m


knišļi

expansion: knišļi m


knišļa

expansion: knišļa m


knislim

expansion: knislim m


knišļiem

expansion: knišļiem m


knišļu

expansion: knišļu m


knišļus

expansion: knišļus m


knišļos

expansion: knišļos m


knisis

links: blackfly blackfly

raw_glosses: (dialectal) blackfly; alternative form of knislis

2nd declension

expansion: knisis m (2nd declension)

lv-decl-noun

kni

is

s

š

lv-decl-noun-table

knisis

kniši

knisi

knišus

kniša

knišu

knisim

knišiem

knisi

knišiem

knisī

knišos

knisi

kniši

forms:
knisis (nominative singular)
kniši (nominative plural)
kniša (genitive singular)
knišu (genitive plural)
knisim (dative singular)
knišiem (dative plural)
knisi (accusative singular)
knišus (accusative plural)
knisi (instrumental singular)
knišiem (instrumental plural)
knisī (locative singular)
knišos (locative plural)
knisi (singular vocative)
kniši (plural vocative)


knisi

links: knisis knisis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of knisis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of knisis

head

expansion: knisi m


knisi

raw_glosses: (non-standard since 2012) definite plural of knis

nn

nounf

expansion: knisi n


knisī

expansion: knisī m


kniši

expansion: kniši m


knisim

expansion: knisim m


kniša

expansion: kniša m


knišus

expansion: knišus m


knišos

expansion: knišos m


knišu

expansion: knišu m


knišiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of knisis

expansion: knišiem m


γουλί

links: smooth smooth

links: tender tender

links: stalk stalk

links: shoot shoot

links: plant plant

glosses: smooth, tender stalk or shoot of a plant

links: edible edible

links: root root

links: garlic garlic

links: clove clove

links: husked husked

links: seed seed

links: pebble pebble

links: beach beach

raw_glosses: (colloquial) pebble (often used to name beaches)

links: shaven shaven

links: head head

el

nouns

plural

γουλιά

expansion: γουλί • (goulí) n (plural γουλιά)

el-noun

n

γουλιά

forms:
goulí (romanization)
γουλιά (plural)
γουλί (nominative singular)
γουλιά (nominative plural)
γουλιού (genitive singular)
γουλί (accusative singular)
γουλιά (accusative plural)
γουλί (singular vocative)
γουλιά (plural vocative)

el-decl-noun

γουλί

γουλιού

γουλί

γουλί

γουλιά

γουλιά

roman: gouliá

english: sip

translation: sip


knausis

links: blackfly blackfly

links: knislis knislis#Latvian

head

expansion: knausis m (2nd declension)

lv-decl-noun

knau

lv-decl-noun-table

knausis

knauši

knausi

knaušus

knauša

knaušu

knausim

knaušiem

knausi

knaušiem

knausī

knaušos

knausi

knauši

forms:
knausis (nominative singular)
knauši (nominative plural)
knauša (genitive singular)
knaušu (genitive plural)
knausim (dative singular)
knaušiem (dative plural)
knausi (accusative singular)
knaušus (accusative plural)
knausi (instrumental singular)
knaušiem (instrumental plural)
knausī (locative singular)
knaušos (locative plural)
knausi (singular vocative)
knauši (plural vocative)


knausi

links: knausis knausis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) vocative singular of knausis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of knausis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of knausis

head

expansion: knausi m


knausī

raw_glosses: (dialectal) locative singular of knausis

expansion: knausī m


knauši

raw_glosses: (dialectal) nominative plural of knausis

expansion: knauši m


knauša

raw_glosses: (dialectal) genitive singular of knausis

expansion: knauša m


knausim

expansion: knausim m


knaušus

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative plural of knausis

expansion: knaušus m


knaušos

expansion: knaušos m


knaušu

expansion: knaušu m


knaušiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of knausis

expansion: knaušiem m


knauslis

expansion: knauslis m (2nd declension)

lv-decl-noun-table

knauslis

knaušļi

knausli

knaušļus

knaušļa

knaušļu

knauslim

knaušļiem

knausli

knaušļiem

knauslī

knaušļos

knausli

knaušļi

forms:
knauslis (nominative singular)
knaušļi (nominative plural)
knaušļa (genitive singular)
knaušļu (genitive plural)
knauslim (dative singular)
knaušļiem (dative plural)
knausli (accusative singular)
knaušļus (accusative plural)
knausli (instrumental singular)
knaušļiem (instrumental plural)
knauslī (locative singular)
knaušļos (locative plural)
knausli (singular vocative)
knaušļi (plural vocative)


knausli

links: knauslis knauslis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) vocative singular of knauslis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of knauslis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of knauslis

head

expansion: knausli m


knauslī

raw_glosses: (dialectal) locative singular of knauslis

expansion: knauslī m


knaušļi

raw_glosses: (dialectal) nominative plural of knauslis

expansion: knaušļi m


knaušļa

raw_glosses: (dialectal) genitive singular of knauslis

expansion: knaušļa m


knauslim

expansion: knauslim m


knaušļus

expansion: knaušļus m


knaušļu

expansion: knaušļu m


knaušļos

expansion: knaušļos m


knaušļiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of knauslis

expansion: knaušļiem m


法治

translation: society with rule of law

english: society with rule of law

roman: fǎzhì shèhuì

text: 法治社會

text: 法治社会

translation: rule of law system

english: rule of law system

roman: fǎzhì tǐxì

text: 法治體系

text: 法治体系

ref: 2017 January 1, 李一陵, ““權大於法”背後的法治生態堪憂”, in China Youth Daily:

roman: Dāngdì fǎzhì bàn zhǔrèn yě yǒu léiyǔ: “Nǐ shuōdào fǎzhì, wǒ jiù juéde hǎoxiào.”

text: 當地法制辦主任也有雷語：“你說到法治，我就覺得好笑。”

text: 当地法制办主任也有雷语：“你说到法治，我就觉得好笑。”

links: law law#English

links:
rule of law
rule of law

zh

expansion: 法治

禮治

roman: lǐzhì

人治

roman: rénzhì

法治化

roman: fǎzhìhuà

zh_pron: fǎzhì

zh_pron: ㄈㄚˇ ㄓˋ

zh_pron: faat³ zi⁶

zh_pron: fap-chhṳ

zh_pron: fab chi^˖

zh_pron: hah⁶ di⁵

zh_pron: hoat-tī

zh_pron: hoat-tǐ

zh_pron: huag⁴ di⁷

zh_pron: fǎjhìh

zh_pron: fǎ-jr̀

zh_pron: faajyh

zh_pron: фачжи

roman: fačži

ipa: /fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

homophone: 法制

homophone: 法治

zh_pron: faat jih

zh_pron: faat⁸ dzi⁶

zh_pron: fad³ ji⁶

ipa: /faːt̚³ t͡siː²²/

zh_pron: fab^ˋ cii

zh_pron: fab⁵ ci⁴

ipa: /fap̚² t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

ipa: /fap⁵⁻² t͡ʃʰi³³/

zh_pron: hah⁴ di⁵

zh_pron: hah-dī

ipa: /haʔ²¹⁻⁴² ti¹¹/

zh_pron: hah⁷ di⁵

ipa: /haʔ²⁻⁴ ti²¹/

zh_pron: huat-tī

zh_pron: hoatdi

ipa: /huat̚³²⁻⁵ ti²²/

ipa: /huat̚³²⁻⁴ ti²²/

ipa: /huat̚³²⁻⁴ ti³³/

zh_pron: huat-tǐ

ipa: /huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ti²²/

zh_pron: huak tī

ipa: /huak̚²⁻⁴ ti¹¹/


法治

text: 法治国家 ― hōchi kokka ― country with a constitutional government

ruby: 法治 ほうち

ruby: 国家 こっか

links: constitutional constitutional

links: government government

ja-noun

ほうち

expansion: 法(ほう)治(ち) • (hōchi)

forms:
法治 (canonical)
hōchi (romanization)

ipa: [ho̞ːt͡ɕi]

other: ほーち


法治

links: hanja hanja#English

links: 법치 법치#Korean

법치

extra: rule of law

ko-noun

hangeul: 법치

expansion: 法治 • (beopchi) (hangeul 법치)

forms:
beopchi (romanization)
법치 (hangeul)


knusis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) blackfly; alternative form of knislis

head

lv

expansion: knusis m (2nd declension)

lv-noun

m

lv-decl-noun

knu

lv-decl-noun-table

knusis

knuši

knusi

knušus

knuša

knušu

knusim

knušiem

knusi

knušiem

knusī

knušos

knusi

knuši

forms:
knusis (nominative singular)
knuši (nominative plural)
knuša (genitive singular)
knušu (genitive plural)
knusim (dative singular)
knušiem (dative plural)
knusi (accusative singular)
knušus (accusative plural)
knusi (instrumental singular)
knušiem (instrumental plural)
knusī (locative singular)
knušos (locative plural)
knusi (singular vocative)
knuši (plural vocative)


knusi

links: knusis knusis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of knusis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of knusis

head

expansion: knusi m


knusī

expansion: knusī m


knuši

expansion: knuši m


knusim

expansion: knusim m


knuša

expansion: knuša m


title: send someone to Coventry

redirect: send to Coventry

pos: hard-redirect


knušus

expansion: knušus m


knušu

expansion: knušu m


knušiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of knusis

expansion: knušiem m


knušos

expansion: knušos m


ērkšķogā

links: ērkšķoga ērkšķoga#Latvian

expansion: ērkšķogā f


ērkšķogu

glosses: accusative/instrumental/accusative singular of ērkšķoga

expansion: ērkšķogu f


ērkšķogas

glosses:
inflection of ērkšķoga:
genitive singular

glosses:
inflection of ērkšķoga:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural

expansion: ērkšķogas f


ērkšķogās

expansion: ērkšķogās f


ērkšķogai

expansion: ērkšķogai f


Northerner

links: northerner northerner#English

glosses: Alternative letter-case form of northerner.

en-noun

expansion: Northerner (plural Northerners)

forms: Northerners (plural)


Northerners

links: Northerner Northerner#English

head

en

expansion: Northerners


Easterner

links: easterner easterner#English

glosses: Alternative letter-case form of easterner.

en-noun

expansion: Easterner (plural Easterners)

forms: Easterners (plural)


Westerner

text: The two-storey "dome" cars, which are the outer vehicles of the centre triplet, are not for outsize Westerners, as the upper floor allows a mere 5 ft. 7 in. from floor to ceiling, while the height of the downstairs saloon is only 6 ft.

ref: 1959 June, “Super-railway planned in Japan”, in Trains Illustrated, page 315:

text: I'd wanted to find someone who understood the culinary tradition behind the cooking of ginkgo nuts because all the recipes I'd found in English were written by Westerners experimenting rather than drawing on East Asian history and practice.

ref: 2016, Nathanael Johnson, Unseen City, →ISBN, page 100:

links: westerner westerner#English

glosses: Alternative letter-case form of westerner.

expansion: Westerner (plural Westerners)

forms: Westerners (plural)


Easterners

links: Easterner Easterner#English

head

expansion: Easterners


Westerners

links: Westerner Westerner#English

expansion: Westerners


ērkšķogām

expansion: ērkšķogām f


Southron

text: They would appear also to be more mischievously inclined than the Southrons, and less addicted to the practice of dancing.

ref: 1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume II, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 159:

text: I guessed him Northern from his kepi, but this was not conclusive, for many Southron regiments wore kepis also.

ref: 1953, Ward Moore, Bring the Jubilee, New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Young, Inc., page 176:

links: southron southron#English

glosses: Alternative letter-case form of southron.

en-noun

expansion: Southron (plural Southrons)

forms: Southrons (plural)


Southrons

links: Southron Southron#English

head

expansion: Southrons


ērces

links: ērce ērce#Latvian

glosses:
inflection of ērce:
genitive singular

glosses:
inflection of ērce:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural

expansion: ērces f


ērcēs

expansion: ērcēs f


ērcei

expansion: ērcei f


ērci

glosses: accusative/instrumental singular of ērce

expansion: ērci f


ērcēm

expansion: ērcēm f


ērkšķainību

links: ērkšķainība ērkšķainība#Latvian

glosses: accusative/instrumental singular of ērkšķainība

expansion: ērkšķainību f


ērkšķainībā

expansion: ērkšķainībā f


ērkšķainībai

expansion: ērkšķainībai f


ērkšķainības

expansion: ērkšķainības f


ארגמן

text: וְכׇל־אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־נִמְצָא אִתּוֹ תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ וְעִזִּים וְעֹרֹת אֵילִם מְאׇדָּמִים וְעֹרֹת תְּחָשִׁים הֵבִיאוּ׃

ref: Tanach, [[s:he:T0235#לה_כג|35:23]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

english: And every man, with whom was found blue, and purple, and scarlet, and [white] linen, and goats’hair, and rams’skins dyed red, and sealskins, brought them.

text: וּמׇרְדֳּכַי יָצָא מִלִּפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ בִּלְבוּשׁ מַלְכוּת תְּכֵלֶת וָחוּר וַעֲטֶרֶת זָהָב גְּדוֹלָה וְתַכְרִיךְ בּוּץ וְאַרְגָּמָן וְהָעִיר שׁוּשָׁן צָהֲלָה וְשָׂמֵחָה׃

ref: Tanach, Esther [[s:he:T3308#ח_טו|8:15]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

english: And Mordecai went forth from the presence of the king in royal apparel of blue and white, and with a great crown of gold, and with a robe of fine linen and purple; and the city of Shushan shouted and was glad.

links:
Tyrian purple
Tyrian purple

links: garment garment

glosses: Tyrian purple, or a garment dyed with it (a purple-dye associated with royalty, as it was very expensive to produce)

he-noun

tr: argamán

wv: אַרְגָּמָן

cons: אַרְגְּמַן

expansion: אַרְגָּמָן • (argamán) m (singular construct אַרְגְּמַן־)

forms:
אַרְגָּמָן (canonical masculine)
argamán (romanization)
אַרְגְּמַן־ (construct singular)

etymology_text: Uncertain, possibly borrowed from Akkadian 𒋠𒍝𒆳𒋛𒀀 (argamannu).

uncertain

he

expansion: Uncertain

bor+

akk

argamannu

𒋠𒍝𒆳𒋛𒀀

tr: argamannu

ipa: /ʔarɡaːˈmaːn/

ipa: /(ʔ)aʁɡaˈman/


ארגמן

text: הוא קנה בקבוק מרלו ארגמן ואז שתה את כלו.

roman: hu kaná bakbúk merló argamán v'az shatá et kuló.

translation: He bought a bottle of Merlot-Argaman and then drank all of it.

links: argaman argaman

etymology_text: Named after the above mentioned dye, as the wine's color resembles purple.


ērkšķi

links: ērkšķis ērkšķis#Latvian

glosses:
inflection of ērkšķis:
nominative/vocative plural

head

expansion: ērkšķi m


ērkšķī

expansion: ērkšķī m


ērkšķa

expansion: ērkšķa m


ērkšķim

expansion: ērkšķim m


ērkšķus

expansion: ērkšķus m


ērkšķos

expansion: ērkšķos m


ērkšķu

expansion: ērkšķu m


ērkšķiem

expansion: ērkšķiem m


ērkšis

links: thorn thorn

raw_glosses: (dialectal) thorn; alternative form of ērkšķis

noun

expansion: ērkšis m (2nd declension)

lv-decl-noun

ērk

š

lv-decl-noun-table

ērkšis

ērkši

ērkši

ērkšus

ērkša

ērkšu

ērkšim

ērkšiem

ērkši

ērkšiem

ērkšī

ērkšos

ērkši

ērkši

forms:
ērkšis (nominative singular)
ērkši (nominative plural)
ērkša (genitive singular)
ērkšu (genitive plural)
ērkšim (dative singular)
ērkšiem (dative plural)
ērkši (accusative singular)
ērkšus (accusative plural)
ērkši (instrumental singular)
ērkšiem (instrumental plural)
ērkšī (locative singular)
ērkšos (locative plural)
ērkši (singular vocative)
ērkši (plural vocative)


ērkši

links: ērkšis ērkšis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of ērkšis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of ērkšis

head

expansion: ērkši m


ērkšī

expansion: ērkšī m


ērkša

expansion: ērkša m


ērkšu

expansion: ērkšu m


ērkšim

expansion: ērkšim m


ērkšus

expansion: ērkšus m


ērkšiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of ērkšis

expansion: ērkšiem m


ērkšos

expansion: ērkšos m


ēršķis

expansion: ēršķis m (2nd declension)

lv-decl-noun

ēr

šķ

šķ

lv-decl-noun-table

ēršķis

ēršķi

ēršķi

ēršķus

ēršķa

ēršķu

ēršķim

ēršķiem

ēršķi

ēršķiem

ēršķī

ēršķos

ēršķi

ēršķi

forms:
ēršķis (nominative singular)
ēršķi (nominative plural)
ēršķa (genitive singular)
ēršķu (genitive plural)
ēršķim (dative singular)
ēršķiem (dative plural)
ēršķi (accusative singular)
ēršķus (accusative plural)
ēršķi (instrumental singular)
ēršķiem (instrumental plural)
ēršķī (locative singular)
ēršķos (locative plural)
ēršķi (singular vocative)
ēršķi (plural vocative)


ēršķi

links: ēršķis ēršķis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (dialectal) accusative singular of ēršķis

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental singular of ēršķis

head

expansion: ēršķi m


ēršķī

expansion: ēršķī m


ēršķa

expansion: ēršķa m


ēršķim

expansion: ēršķim m


ēršķus

expansion: ēršķus m


ēršķu

expansion: ēršķu m


ēršķos

expansion: ēršķos m


ēršķiem

raw_glosses: (dialectal) instrumental plural of ēršķis

expansion: ēršķiem m


fergazer

links: carburetor carburetor

sh-noun

m-in

expansion: fergazer m inan (Cyrillic spelling фергазер)

forms: фергазер (Cyrillic)

etymology_text: Borrowed from German Vergaser.

bor+

sh

de

Vergaser

expansion: Borrowed from German Vergaser


rasplinjač

sh-noun

expansion: rasplinjač m inan (Cyrillic spelling расплињач)

forms: расплињач (Cyrillic)


karburator

head

da

g: c

singular definite

karburatoren

f1accel-form: def|s

plural indefinite

karburatorer

f4accel-form: indef|p

expansion: karburator c (singular definite karburatoren, plural indefinite karburatorer)

da-noun

er

forms:
karburatoren (definite singular)
karburatorer (indefinite plural)
karburator (indefinite nominative singular)
karburatoren (definite nominative singular)
karburatorer (indefinite nominative plural)
karburatorerne (definite nominative plural)
karburators (genitive indefinite singular)
karburatorens (definite genitive singular)
karburatorers (genitive indefinite plural)
karburatorernes (definite genitive plural)

da-noun-infl-base

sg-indef: karburator

sg-def: karburatoren

pl-indef: karburatorer

pl-def: karburatorerne

gen-sg-indef: karburators

gen-sg-def: karburatorens

gen-pl-indef: karburatorers

gen-pl-def: karburatorernes


karburator

links: engineering engineering#Noun

links: carburettor carburettor

raw_glosses: (engineering) carburetor, carburettor: a device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is vaporized and mixed with air prior to ignition

forms:
karburator-karburator (plural)
karburétor (alternative)

etymology_text: From Dutch carburator/carburateur, from French carburateur.

bor

id

nl

carburator/carburateur

expansion: Dutch carburator/carburateur

der

fr

carburateur

expansion: French carburateur

ipa: [karbuˈratɔr]

rhymes: -tɔr

rhymes: -ɔr

rhymes: -r

parts: kar bu ra tor


karburator

sh-noun

expansion: karburator m inan (Cyrillic spelling карбуратор)

forms: карбуратор (Cyrillic)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French carburateur.

bor+

expansion: Borrowed from French carburateur


karburator

head

sv

expansion: karburator c

sv-noun

c

sv-infl-noun-c-r

karburatore

forms:
karburator (indefinite nominative singular)
karburators (genitive indefinite singular)
karburatorn (definite nominative singular)
karburatorns (definite genitive singular)
karburatorer (indefinite nominative plural)
karburatorers (genitive indefinite plural)
karburatorerna (definite nominative plural)
karburatorernas (definite genitive plural)


metacommunicative

links: metacommunication metacommunication

en-adj

expansion: metacommunicative (not comparable)

etymology_text: From meta- + communicative.

prefix

meta

communicative

expansion: meta- + communicative


foot-in-the-door technique

links: psychology psychology

links: compliance compliance

links: strategy strategy

links: agree agree

links: request request

links: initially initially

links: small small

links: initial initial

raw_glosses: (psychology) A compliance strategy where a person is more likely to agree to a larger request after initially agreeing to a smaller, initial request.

en-proper noun

head: foot-in-the-door technique

expansion: foot-in-the-door technique


door-in-the-face technique

links: large large

links: expectation expectation

links: refuse refuse

links: actual actual

links: target target

raw_glosses: (psychology) A compliance strategy in which an initial, large request is made with the expectation that it will be refused, followed by a second, smaller request that is the actual target.

expansion: door-in-the-face technique

etymology_text: Modelled on the earlier foot-in-the-door technique, with the idea of having the door slammed in one's face when the original request is refused.


floptical

text:
1993 June 21, advertisement, InfoWorld, page 12,
Floptical technology is a practical and affordable way to increase your storage capacity— without giving up the convenience of diskettes.

text: Optical technology appears in many forms of devices, starting from CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) disks, to floptical disk (optical floppy disks) to very high capacity (up to 20 GB) optical disks.

ref: 2004, S. Sadagopan, Management Information Systems, page 62:

text: Alternatives to tape and CD-R include floptical disks, Bernoulli boxes, and other removable drives.

ref: 2006, Vicki Stanfield, Roderick W. Smith, Linux System Administration, page 270:

links: computing computing#Noun

links: magnetic magnetic

links: optical optical

raw_glosses: (computing, data storage) Using a combination of magnetic and optical technology.

qualifier: data storage

en-adj

expansion: floptical (not comparable)

etymology_text: Blend of floppy (“floppy disk, a magnetic data storage device”) + optical.

blend

floppy

optical

forms: Floptical (alternative)


floptical

text: Like floppy drives on steroids, flopticals use laser optics to store up to 21MB of data on one 3½-inch disk. The advantages of flopticals are a low buy-in cost ($400 and under) and the convenience of using the drive for your current library of 1.44MB and 720K disks (as well as IBM′s 2.88MB disks).

ref: 1995, Eric Knorr, The PC Bible, page 74:

text: You said you are using flopticals in your sound studio? Is that where you use it mostly?

ref: 1997, Lee Purcell, David Martin, The Complete Recordable-CD Guide, page 461:

text: Flopticals, once promising, have mostly been shoved aside by improvements in capacity and price for older designs that are still around and new devices, such as the Zip and SuperDisk LS-120 drives.

ref: 2007, Corey Sandler, chapter 11, in Fix Your Own PC, page 5:

en-noun

expansion: floptical (plural flopticals)

forms:
flopticals (plural)
Floptical (alternative)

expansion: Blend of floppy (“floppy disk, a magnetic data storage device”) + optical


uncancellable

text: Some artworks are uncancellable. At least, in France.

ref: 2023 December 31, Agnès Poirier, “Evoking genius to defend ‘dark stars’ like Gérard Depardieu looks very French – and it is”, in The Observer, →ISSN:

links: cancel cancel

en-adj

expansion: uncancellable (not comparable)

etymology_text: From un- + cancellable.

prefix

un

cancellable

expansion: un- + cancellable

forms: uncancelable (alternative)


uncancelable

links: uncancellable uncancellable#English

en-adj

expansion: uncancelable (not comparable)

etymology_text: From un- + cancelable.

cancelable

expansion: un- + cancelable


unresurfaced

text: an unresurfaced patella

links: resurface resurface

expansion: unresurfaced (not comparable)

etymology_text: From un- + resurfaced.

prefix

resurfaced

expansion: un- + resurfaced


ጉዞ

links: journey journey

links: trip trip

links: voyage voyage

links: Travel travel

links: caravan caravan

head

am

expansion: ጉዞ • (guzo) ?

forms: guzo (romanization)


tabasheer

links: translucent translucent

links: white white

links: substance substance

links: silica silica

links: water water

links: lime lime

links: potash potash

links: nodal nodal

links: joint joint

links: bamboo bamboo

links: traditional traditional

links: Asian Asian

links: medicine medicine

glosses: A translucent white substance, composed mainly of silica and water with traces of lime and potash, obtained from the nodal joints of some species of bamboo and used in traditional Asian medicine.

en-noun

expansion: tabasheer (countable and uncountable, plural tabasheers)

forms:
tabasheers (plural)
tabacheer (alternative)
tabachir (alternative)
tabascheer (alternative)
tabaschir (alternative)
tabashir (alternative)
tabaxir (alternative)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Hindi तबाशीर (tabāśīr), which in turn either inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit (less likely, due to the presence of ś, instead of s/kh in the term) or borrowed from Classical Persian تباشیر (tabāšīr, “chalk, clay, plaster; sugar from bamboo, tabasheer”) (more likely), ultimately derived from Sanskrit तवक्षीर (tavakṣīra, “white substance from bamboo, tabasheer”, literally “bark milk”).

bor+

hi

तबाशीर

expansion: Borrowed from Hindi तबाशीर (tabāśīr)

der

pra-sau

expansion: Sauraseni Prakrit

fa-cls

تباشیر

tr: tabāšīr

yesno

d

D

expansion: d

glossary

derived terms

derived

expansion: derived

der

sa

तवक्षीर

white substance from bamboo, tabasheer

lit: bark milk

der+

t: white substance from bamboo, tabasheer

ipa: /təˈbɑː.ʃɪə/

ipa: /ˌtʌb.ɑːˈʃɪə/

ipa: /ˈt̪ə.bɑː.ˈʃiːɾ/

ipa: /t̪əˈbɑː.ʃiːɾ/

rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)


tabasheers

links: tabasheer tabasheer#English

head

noun form

expansion: tabasheers


banslochan

links: tabasheer tabasheer

en-noun

expansion: banslochan (uncountable)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Hindi बंसलोचन (banslocan, “tabasheer”), derived from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀁𑀲𑀮𑁄𑀘𑀦 (baṃsalocana), semi-loaned from Sanskrit वंशलोचन (vaṃśalocana).

bor+

बंसलोचन

t: tabasheer

bor

𑀩𑀁𑀲𑀮𑁄𑀘𑀦

expansion: Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀁𑀲𑀮𑁄𑀘𑀦 (baṃsalocana)

वंशलोचन

expansion: Sanskrit वंशलोचन (vaṃśalocana)


bansuris

links: bansuri bansuri#English

head

expansion: bansuris


tachina

links: zoology zoology

links: genus genus

links: Tachina Tachina#Translingual

links: tachinid tachinid

links: flies fly

links: parasitoid parasitoid

links: lepidopteran lepidopteran

links: caterpillar caterpillar

raw_glosses: (zoology) Any of the genus Tachina of large tachinid flies, mostly parasitoids on lepidopteran caterpillars.

en-noun

s

tachinae

expansion: tachina (plural tachinas or tachinae)

forms:
tachinas (plural)
tachinae (plural)

etymology_text: From the genus name.


tachina

links: tachine tachine#French

fr-noun

f

expansion: tachina f (plural tachinas)

forms: tachinas (plural)


tachina

links: tease tease

ro-verb

tachinează

tachinat

expansion: a tachina (third-person singular present tachinează, past participle tachinat) 1st conjugation

forms:
a tachina 1st conjugation (canonical)
tachinează (present singular third-person)
tachinat (participle past)
a tachina (infinitive)
tachinând (gerund)
tachinat (participle past)
tachinez (first-person indicative present singular)
tachinezi (indicative present second-person singular)
tachinează (indicative present singular third-person)
tachinăm (first-person indicative plural present)
tachinați (indicative plural present second-person)
tachinează (indicative plural present third-person)
tachinam (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tachinai (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tachina (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tachinam (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tachinați (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tachinau (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tachinai (first-person indicative perfect singular)
tachinași (indicative perfect second-person singular)
tachină (indicative perfect singular third-person)
tachinarăm (first-person indicative perfect plural)
tachinarăți (indicative perfect plural second-person)
tachinară (indicative perfect plural third-person)
tachinasem (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
tachinaseși (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
tachinase (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
tachinaserăm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
tachinaserăți (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
tachinaseră (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
să tachinez (first-person present singular subjunctive)
să tachinezi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
să tachineze (present singular subjunctive third-person)
să tachinăm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
să tachinați (plural present second-person subjunctive)
să tachineze (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tachinează (imperative second-person singular)
tachinați (imperative plural second-person)
nu tachina (imperative negative second-person singular)
nu tachinați (imperative negative plural second-person)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French taquiner.

bor+

ro

taquiner

expansion: Borrowed from French taquiner