đây

text: dú đây

translation: to live well

english: to live well

text: nà đây

translation: good crops

english: good crops

text: heng phuối đây

translation: nice voice

english: nice voice

text: mốc slẩy đây

translation: kind

english: kind

literal_meaning: good stomach

text: 吟低否叭󰝣𣅃𪾦招免难

roman: Cằm đây bấu khảu xu, pjục lừ chàu me̱n na̱n.

translation: If you don't listen to wise words, you'll soon be in trouble.

links: good good

text: cần đây

translation: beautiful person

english: beautiful person

text: đây báo

translation: handsome

english: handsome

links: beautiful beautiful

text: pạng đây piếng phải

translation: the obverse of a piece of cloth

english: the obverse of a piece of cloth

text: pạng đây bâu slửa

translation: the obverse of a shirt

english: the obverse of a shirt

links: obverse obverse

head

tyz

expansion: đây

tyz-adj

低

etymology_text:
From Proto-Tai *ɗɤjᴬ (“good”).
Cognate with Northern Thai ᨯᩦ (di), Lao ດີ (dī), Lü ᦡᦲ (ḋii), Shan လီ (lǐi), Tai Dam ꪒꪲ, Tai Dón ꪒꪲ, Ahom 𑜓𑜣 (dī), 𑜃𑜣 (nī) or 𑜑𑜣 (hī), Bouyei ndil, Zhuang ndei, Thai ดี (dii).
Compare Sui qdail (“good”), Southern Kam lail (“good”).

inh

tai-pro

*ɗɤjᴬ

good

expansion: Proto-Tai *ɗɤjᴬ (“good”)

cog

nod

ᨯᩦ

tr: di

expansion: Northern Thai ᨯᩦ (di)

lo

ດີ

expansion: Lao ດີ (dī)

khb

ᦡᦲ

expansion: Lü ᦡᦲ (ḋii)

shn

လီ

expansion: Shan လီ (lǐi)

blt

ꪒꪲ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪒꪲ

twh

expansion: Tai Dón ꪒꪲ

aho

𑜓𑜣

expansion: Ahom 𑜓𑜣 (dī)

pcc

ndil

expansion: Bouyei ndil

za

ndei

expansion: Zhuang ndei

th

ดี

expansion: Thai ดี (dii)

swi

qdail

good

expansion: Sui qdail (“good”)

kmc

lail

expansion: Southern Kam lail (“good”)

note: Thạch An – Tràng Định

ipa: [ɗəj˧˧]

note: Trùng Khánh

ipa: [ɗəj˦˥]


đây

text: Khẩy đây dá

translation: I'm well.

english: I'm well.

type: example

links: sick sick

links: illness illness

glosses: to be no longer sick because of an illness

pos: verb

head

verb


đây

text: ru̱ng đây

translation: certainly brighter

english: certainly brighter

links: surely surely

links: certainly certainly

text: Đăm đây xằng?

translation: Is it completely dark yet?

english: Is it completely dark yet?

links: completely completely

links: absolutely absolutely

text: slúc đây

translation: thoroughly cooked

english: thoroughly cooked

links: thoroughly thoroughly

pos: adv

adverb


đây

text: Phuối tỉnh đây.

translation: Sounds good.

english: Sounds good.

glosses: particle that expresses ability, possibility

pos: particle

particle


đây

text: Mà liê̱u đây.

translation: Let's come play.

english: Let's come play.

links: finally finally

links:
that's all
that's all

links: merely merely

links: only only

links: just just

raw_glosses: (used sentence-finally) that's all; merely; only; just


đây

text: Tôi là ai? Đây là đâu!?

translation: Who am I? Where is this!?

english: Who am I? Where is this!?

text:
Mày ở đâu ?
Đây, bên tay trái mày nè !

translation:
Where are you?
Here, to your left!

english:
Where are you?
Here, to your left!

links: this this

links: place place

links: here here

text: Đây là phòng ngủ.

translation: This is the bedroom.

english: This is the bedroom.

links: thing thing

links: person person

text: cách đây vài năm

translation: A few years from now

english: A few years from now

links: time time

links: now now

text: Đây không rảnh nhé!

translation: I don't have time for this!

english: I don't have time for this!

glosses: I, me (having a familiar, or condescending, rude tone)

pos: pron

vi

pronoun

tr: 低, 底

expansion: đây • (低, 底)

vi-pronoun

低, 底

expansion: đây • (低, 底)

forms:
低 (CJK)
底 (CJK)

ipa: [ʔɗəj˧˧]

note: Saigon


đây

text: Chính hắn đây chứ không ai khác.

translation: It's him and no one else.

english: It's him and no one else.

glosses: Emphasizes the very thing or person here

text: Biết làm sao đây.

translation: Ah geez, what am I gonna do now?

english: Ah geez, what am I gonna do now?

glosses: forms a question expressing uncertainty or doubt

text: Máy bay gặp tai nạn ở chỗ này đây.

translation: The airplane crashed right in this place.

links: Sentence sentence#English

links: final final#English

links: particle particle#English

glosses: Sentence-final particle used to point out a place or an event the speaker wants to stress. The place or event can be seen at the moment of speaking.

text: Chị ấy chắc có chuyện gì không vui đây.

translation: I believe she is unhappy with something.

glosses: Sentence-final particle used to refer to the speaker's idea or feeling of existence or presence of something without certain proof

1 Originally can only follow a nominal

english: being used attributively

translation: being used attributively

hence nơi này

english: this place; here

translation: this place; here

nơi nào. 2 Can be used on its own

english: where; no longer completely true in the modern language

hence đây

english: here

translation: here

english: where; this much; where *C is nonspecific consonant

word: đâu. 3 From earlier *C-raːw. 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu ()

bấy nhiêu

english: that much

translation: that much

english: how much; this fast

translation: how much; this fast

word: bao nhiêu. 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy ()

nhanh vậy. 6 Originally

english: that fast/so fast

translation: that fast/so fast

word: these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something is visible and

word: or verifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles

english: From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!; Not this one, that one.; pretty much

taxonomic: Ba ngày luân lạc

word: còn những ba cái cầu nữa cơ mà! () and their obligatory use when locating an object: Không phải cái này mà là cái kia. ()


bụi

links: dust dust

pos: noun

head

noun

tr: 陪, 倍, 𡏧, 𣻃, 𣾾

expansion: bụi • (陪, 倍, 𡏧, 𣻃, 𣾾)

vi-noun

陪, 倍, 𡏧, 𣻃, 𣾾

forms:
陪 (CJK)
倍 (CJK)
𡏧 (CJK)
𣻃 (CJK)
𣾾 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *buːlʔ.

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*buːlʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *buːlʔ

ipa: [ʔɓuj˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [ʔɓuj˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [ʔɓuj˨˩˨]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bụi.wav

note: Ho Chi Minh City


bụi

links: dusty dusty

pos: adj

head

adjective

expansion: bụi


bụi

links: bush bush

links: shrub shrub

links: clump clump

tr: 棓, 蓓, 𦹷

expansion: bụi • (棓, 蓓, 𦹷)

vi-noun

棓, 蓓, 𦹷

forms:
棓 (CJK)
蓓 (CJK)
𦹷 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *buːlʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tbul ~ *tbuul. Cognate with Muong Bi pũl, Old Khmer tpal, thpal, Bahnar tơbul.

inh

mkh-pro

*tbul

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *tbul

cog

mtq

expansion: Muong

okz

tpal, thpal

expansion: Old Khmer tpal, thpal

bdq

tơbul

expansion: Bahnar tơbul


mây

links: cloud cloud

head

tr: 𩄲, 𫡮, 𬨿

expansion: mây • (𩄲, 𫡮, 𬨿)

vi-noun

cls: áng, đám

𩄲, 𫡮, 𬨿

expansion: (classifier áng, đám) mây • (𩄲, 𫡮, 𬨿)

forms:
áng (classifier)
đám (classifier)
𩄲 (CJK)
𫡮 (CJK)
𬨿 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *k-mǝl (“cloud”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *rmɨl (“cloud”). Cognate with Muong mầl, Bahnar hơmơ̆l, Kuy lmʌ̤l, Santali ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ (rimil).
Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 梅 (MC mwoj).

inh

*k-mǝl

cloud

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-mǝl (“cloud”)

aav-pro

*rmɨl

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *rmɨl (“cloud”)

mầl

expansion: Muong mầl

hơmơ̆l

expansion: Bahnar hơmơ̆l

kdt

expansion: Kuy

sat

ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ

expansion: Santali ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ (rimil)

ltc-l

梅

expansion: 梅 (MC mwoj)

ipa: [məj˧˧]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-mây.wav

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mây.wav


mây

links: rattan rattan

head

tr: 𣛠, 𬨿, 𫂗

expansion: mây • (𣛠, 𬨿, 𫂗)

vi-noun

cls: cây

𣛠, 𬨿, 𫂗

expansion: (classifier cây) mây • (𣛠, 𬨿, 𫂗)

forms:
cây (classifier)
𣛠 (CJK)
𬨿 (CJK)
𫂗 (CJK)


khói

links: smoke smoke

head

tr: 𤌋, 𤐡

expansion: khói • (𤌋, 𤐡)

cls: ngọn, luồng

𤌋, 𤐡

expansion: (classifier ngọn, luồng) khói • (𤌋, 𤐡)

forms:
ngọn (classifier)
luồng (classifier)
𤌋 (CJK)
𤐡 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *k-hɔːjʔ ~ *kʰɔːjʔ.

inh

*k-hɔːjʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-hɔːjʔ

ipa: [xɔj˧˦]

ipa: [kʰɔj˨˩˦]

ipa: [kʰɔj˦˥]

note: Hội An; phonetic spelling khúa

ipa: [kʰuə˧˥]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-khói.wav


bẩn

links: dirty dirty

links: unclean unclean

links: filthy filthy

raw_glosses: (Northern Vietnam) dirty; unclean; filthy

links: bad bad

links: mean mean

links: despicable despicable

raw_glosses: (Northern Vietnam, colloquial) bad; mean; despicable

links: stingy stingy

links: miserly miserly

head

tr: 𪷪, 𬇸, 𬉂

expansion: bẩn • (𪷪, 𬇸, 𬉂)

vi-adj

𪷪, 𬇸, 𬉂

forms:
𪷪 (CJK)
𬇸 (CJK)
𬉂 (CJK)
bửn (alternative)

ipa: [ʔɓən˧˩]

ipa: [ʔɓəŋ˧˨]

ipa: [ʔɓəŋ˨˩˦]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bẩn.wav


ướt

text: Mới mưa xong nền ướt, coi chừng té.

translation: It just rained and the floor is wet, so be careful so that you don't slip.

links: wet wet

head

tr: 㲸, 𣿌

diminutive reduplication

ươn ướt

expansion: ướt • (㲸, 𣿌) (diminutive reduplication ươn ướt)

rdp: y

㲸, 𣿌

forms:
㲸 (CJK)
𣿌 (CJK)
ươn ướt (diminutive reduplication)

etymology_text: From Proto-Mon-Khmer *kʔaac (“wet”); cognate with Semai ka'aac. Compare the át in ướt át, which is the undiphthongized version of the root.

inh

*kʔaac

wet

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *kʔaac (“wet”)

cog

sea

ka'aac

expansion: Semai ka'aac

ipa: [ʔɨət̚˧˦]

ipa: [ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [ʔɨək̚˦˥]


thẳng

text: vẽ đường thẳng

translation: to draw a straight line

english: to draw a straight line

text: đoạn đường rất thẳng

translation: a very straight stretch of road

english: a very straight stretch of road

links: straight straight

text: chuyến bay thẳng

translation: nonstop flight

english: nonstop flight

links: direct direct

links: nonstop nonstop

text: Thằng/Con này là trai/gái thẳng thật đấy!

translation: This guy/gal is straight for real!

english: This guy/gal is straight for real!

links: heterosexual heterosexual

head

tr: 𣦎, 𣦛, 𥊢, 𥊣, 𬆅, 𬆈

expansion: thẳng • (𣦎, 𣦛, 𥊢, 𥊣, 𬆅, 𬆈)

vi-adj

𣦎, 𣦛, 𥊢, 𥊣, 𬆅, 𬆈

forms:
𣦎 (CJK)
𣦛 (CJK)
𥊢 (CJK)
𥊣 (CJK)
𬆅 (CJK)
𬆈 (CJK)

etymology_text:
Most likely a loanword.
Its source is unclear; compare Middle Chinese 侹 (MC thengH) "long, level, straight (obsolete)" → SV: thính. See also bằng.
The native Vietic word for "straight" is ngay, which also has Khmuic cognates.
It is a semantic loan from English straight, in the sense of “heterosexual”.

ltc

expansion: Middle Chinese

ltc-l

侹

expansion: 侹 (MC thengH)

q

obsolete

expansion: (obsolete)

semantic loan

en

straight

expansion: semantic loan from English straight

ipa: [tʰaŋ˧˩]

ipa: [tʰaŋ˧˨]

ipa: [tʰaŋ˨˩˦]


thẳng

text: đứng thẳng

translation: to stand up straight

english: to stand up straight

text: chạy thẳng qua ngã tư

translation: to drive straight through the intersection

links: upright upright

links: straightforwardly straightforwardly

links: forthrightly forthrightly

links: sincerely sincerely

raw_glosses: (figurative) straightforwardly; forthrightly; sincerely

text: đi thẳng về nhà

translation: to go straight home

english: to go straight home

text: ngủ thẳng đến sáng

translation: to sleep all the way until morning

english: to sleep all the way until morning

text: bay thẳng từ Mỹ về Việt Nam

translation: to fly nonstop from America to Vietnam

english: to fly nonstop from America to Vietnam

links: directly directly

links: continuously continuously

glosses: directly, continuously, without stopping

text: nói thẳng với bạn

translation: to speak directly with a friend

english: to speak directly with a friend

text: gặp thẳng giám đốc mà nói

translation: to speak directly with a supervisor

english: to speak directly with a supervisor

links: intervening intervene

text: nói xong bỏ đi thẳng

translation: to hightail it after one is done speaking

links:
straight away
straight away

head

vi

tr: 𣦎, 𣦛, 𥊢, 𥊣, 𬆅, 𬆈

vi-adj

𣦎, 𣦛, 𥊢, 𥊣, 𬆅, 𬆈


đúng

text: Bài 10 câu, đúng có 2 câu.

translation: There were 10 questions, and I only got 2 correct answers.

text: Đúng rồi.

translation: That’s right.

english: That’s right.

text: năm giờ đúng

translation: five o'clock

english: five o'clock

links: right right

links: correct correct

links: accurate accurate

links: precise precise

links: proper proper

links: wrong wrong

links: improper improper

glosses: right, correct, accurate, precise, proper, etc.; not wrong or improper

head

expansion: đúng

đúng đắn

roman: từ láy

etymology_text: Probably a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 中 (SV: trúng).

IPAfont

Cr-

expansion: Cr-

yesno

y

expansion: yes

a

A

expansion: a

n

N

expansion: n

der

zh

pos: SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">trúng</i>

expansion: Chinese 中 (SV: trúng)

vi-etym-sino

中

hv: n

trúng

nocap: y

ipa: [ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˧˦]

ipa: [ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

ipa: [ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˥]


mắt

text: nước mắt

translation: tear

english: tear

links: anatomy anatomy

links: eye eye

links: knot knot

links: joint joint

links: node node

links: mesh mesh

links: link link

head

tr: 末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

expansion: mắt • (末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺)

vi-noun

cls: con, cái

末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

expansion: (classifier con, cái) mắt • (末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺)

forms:
con (classifier)
cái (classifier)
末 (CJK)
眜 (CJK)
𬑉 (CJK)
𥉴 (CJK)
𪾺 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *mat, from Proto-Austroasiatic *matʔ. Cognate with Muong Bi măt, Old Mon mɔt (whence Mon မတ်), Bahnar măt, Pacoh mát, Khasi 'mat/khmat, Khmu mat, Mang mat⁷, Car Nicobarese mat, Santali ᱢᱮᱫ (met’). Doublet of mặt.
Compare also Proto-Austronesian *maCa (> Malay mata), Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ (> Thai ตา (dtaa)), Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mjək (> Chinese 目 (mù) (mù < OC *C.muk), Tibetan མིག (mig)).

inh

*mat

expansion: Proto-Vietic *mat

*matʔ

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *matʔ

cog

mtq

expansion: Muong

omx

mɔt

expansion: Old Mon mɔt

mnw

မတ်

expansion: Mon မတ်

bdq

măt

expansion: Bahnar măt

pac

mát

expansion: Pacoh mát

kha

'mat

expansion: Khasi 'mat

kjg

expansion: Khmu

zng

expansion: Mang mat⁷

caq

mat

expansion: Car Nicobarese mat

ᱢᱮᱫ

expansion: Santali ᱢᱮᱫ (met’)

doublet

mặt

expansion: Doublet of mặt

cog

map-pro

*maCa

expansion: Proto-Austronesian *maCa

ms

mata

expansion: Malay mata

tai-pro

expansion: Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ

th

ตา

expansion: Thai ตา (dtaa)

sit-pro

*mjək

expansion: Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mjək

zh

目

expansion: Chinese 目 (mù)

bo

མིག

expansion: Tibetan མིག (mig)

ipa: [mat̚˧˦]

ipa: [mak̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [mak̚˦˥]

homophone: mắc (Southern Vietnam)


mũi

links: nose nose

head

mkh-mvi

noun

expansion: mũi

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *muːs (“nose”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *muːh ~ *muːɕ (“nose”).

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*muːs

nose

expansion: Proto-Vietic *muːs (“nose”)

aav-pro

*muːh

*muːh ~ *muːɕ


mũi

links: nautical nautical

links: prow prow

links: bow bow

head

vi

tr: 𪖫, 𪖬, 每

expansion: mũi • (𪖫, 𪖬, 每)

vi-noun

cls: cái

𪖫, 𪖬, 每

expansion: (classifier cái) mũi • (𪖫, 𪖬, 每)

forms:
cái (classifier)
𪖫 (CJK)
𪖬 (CJK)
每 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Middle Vietnamese mũi, from Proto-Vietic *muːs (“nose”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *muːh ~ *muːɕ (“nose”). Cognate with Khmer ច្រមុះ (crɑɑmoh), Bahnar muh, Khasi khmut, Mon မိုဟ်, Car Nicobarese meh.
For the sense of "cape", compare the development of English ness, Bulgarian нос (nos).

mkh-mvi

mũi

expansion: Middle Vietnamese mũi

cog

km

ច្រមុះ

expansion: Khmer ច្រមុះ (crɑɑmoh)

muh

expansion: Bahnar muh

khmut

expansion: Khasi khmut

မိုဟ်

expansion: Mon မိုဟ်

meh

expansion: Car Nicobarese meh

ncog

en

ness

expansion: English ness

bg

нос

expansion: Bulgarian нос (nos)

ipa: [muj˦ˀ˥]

ipa: [muj˧˨]

ipa: [muj˨˩˦]

homophone: mủi

homophone: muỗi

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-mũi.wav

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mũi.wav


mũi

links: tip tip

raw_glosses: (of a needle/knife/sword/lance/spear) tip

head

tr: 鋂, 每

expansion: mũi • (鋂, 每)

vi-noun

鋂, 每

forms:
鋂 (CJK)
每 (CJK)

inh

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *muːh ~ *muːɕ (“nose”)

cog

bdq

kha

mnw


mũi

text: mũi Hảo Vọng

translation: the Cape of Good Hope

english: the Cape of Good Hope

links: geography geography

links: cape cape

head

tr: 㙁, 每

expansion: mũi • (㙁, 每)

vi-noun

㙁, 每

forms:
㙁 (CJK)
每 (CJK)

caq


mũi

links:
nước mũi
nước mũi#Vietnamese

links: nasal nasal

links: mucus mucus

links: snot snot

glosses: clipping of nước mũi (“nasal mucus; snot”)

nước mũi

extra: nasal mucus; snot


mũi

text: tiêm mũi thứ 2

translation: to get the 2nd shot

english: to get the 2nd shot

links: injection injection

links: syringe syringe

links: shot shot

pos: classifier

head

classifier

forms:
𪖫 (CJK)
𪖬 (CJK)
每 (CJK)


tóc

links: stretch stretch

links: body body

mtq

verb

sc: Latn

expansion: tóc


tóc

text: sợi/cọng tóc

translation: a single strand of headhair

english: a single strand of headhair

text: mái tóc

translation: all the headhairs as a unit

english: all the headhairs as a unit

links: headhair headhair

tr: 束, 速, 𩯀, 𫅯, 𩅘

expansion: tóc • (束, 速, 𩯀, 𫅯, 𩅘)

vi-noun

cls: sợi, cọng, mái

束, 速, 𩯀, 𫅯, 𩅘

expansion: (classifier sợi, cọng, mái) tóc • (束, 速, 𩯀, 𫅯, 𩅘)

forms:
sợi (classifier)
cọng (classifier)
mái (classifier)
束 (CJK)
速 (CJK)
𩯀 (CJK)
𫅯 (CJK)
𩅘 (CJK)

chải

english: to comb

translation: to comb

gội

english: to wash hair

translation: to wash hair

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *-suk, from Proto-Austroasiatic *sukʔ ~ *sɔkʔ (“hair”). Cognate with Muong Bi thắc, Bahnar sŏk, Khmer សក់ (sɑk) and Mon သော် (sok).

inh

*-suk

expansion: Proto-Vietic *-suk

*sukʔ

*sukʔ ~ *sɔkʔ

hair

cog

expansion: Muong

sŏk

expansion: Bahnar sŏk

សក់

expansion: Khmer សក់ (sɑk)

သော်

tr: sok

expansion: Mon သော် (sok)

ipa: [tawk͡p̚˧˦]

ipa: [tawk͡p̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [tawk͡p̚˦˥]

ipa: [tɔk˩]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-tóc.wav


đuôi

links: anatomy anatomy

links: tail tail

links: computing computing#Noun

links: extension extension

links: stern stern

links: linguistics linguistics

links: suffix suffix

head

tr: 𡳪, 𡓋, 堆

expansion: đuôi • (𡳪, 𡓋, 堆)

vi-noun

𡳪, 𡓋, 堆

expansion: (classifier cái) đuôi • (𡳪, 𡓋, 堆)

forms:
cái (classifier)
𡳪 (CJK)
𡓋 (CJK)
堆 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *dɔːj ~ *tɔːj (“tail”). Compare Khmer កន្ទុយ (kɑɑkɑntuy).

inh

*tɔːj

*dɔːj ~ *tɔːj

tail

expansion: Proto-Vietic *dɔːj ~ *tɔːj (“tail”)

កន្ទុយ

expansion: Khmer កន្ទុយ (kɑɑkɑntuy)

ipa: [ʔɗuəj˧˧]

ipa: [ʔɗuj˧˧]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-đuôi.wav


plannetje

links: plan plan#Dutch

nl-noun-dim

expansion: plannetje n (plural plannetjes)

forms: plannetjes (plural)


szemrehányás

links: reproach reproach

head

hu

noun

plural

szemrehányások

expansion: szemrehányás (plural szemrehányások)

hu-noun

ok

forms:
szemrehányások (plural)
szemrehányás (nominative singular)
szemrehányások (nominative plural)
szemrehányást (accusative singular)
szemrehányásokat (accusative plural)
szemrehányásnak (dative singular)
szemrehányásoknak (dative plural)
szemrehányással (instrumental singular)
szemrehányásokkal (instrumental plural)
szemrehányásért (causal-final singular)
szemrehányásokért (causal-final plural)
szemrehányássá (singular translative)
szemrehányásokká (plural translative)
szemrehányásig (singular terminative)
szemrehányásokig (plural terminative)
szemrehányásként (essive-formal singular)
szemrehányásokként (essive-formal plural)
szemrehányásban (inessive singular)
szemrehányásokban (inessive plural)
szemrehányáson (singular superessive)
szemrehányásokon (plural superessive)
szemrehányásnál (adessive singular)
szemrehányásoknál (adessive plural)
szemrehányásba (illative singular)
szemrehányásokba (illative plural)
szemrehányásra (singular sublative)
szemrehányásokra (plural sublative)
szemrehányáshoz (allative singular)
szemrehányásokhoz (allative plural)
szemrehányásból (elative singular)
szemrehányásokból (elative plural)
szemrehányásról (delative singular)
szemrehányásokról (delative plural)
szemrehányástól (ablative singular)
szemrehányásoktól (ablative plural)
szemrehányásé (singular)
szemrehányásoké (plural)
szemrehányáséi (singular)
szemrehányásokéi (plural)
szemrehányásom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
szemrehányásaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
szemrehányásod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
szemrehányásaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
szemrehányása (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
szemrehányásai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
szemrehányásunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
szemrehányásaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
szemrehányásotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
szemrehányásaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
szemrehányásuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
szemrehányásaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

hu-infl-nom

szemrehányáso

o

etymology_text: Directly from szemre + hányás, originally from szemére hány (“to reproach”, literally “to toss onto someone's eyes”), from szemére and hány, compare hánytorgat, felhánytorgat (“to bring up [a complaint]”).

compound

szemre

hányás

expansion: szemre + hányás

ipa: [ˈsɛmrɛɦaːɲaːʃ]

parts: szem re há nyás


plannetjes

links: plannetje plannetje#Dutch

head

nl

noun form

expansion: plannetjes


szemrehányások

links: szemrehányás szemrehányás#Hungarian

expansion: szemrehányások

etymology_text: szemrehányás + -ok (plural suffix)

affix

szemrehányás

-ok

pos2: plural suffix

nocat: y

expansion: szemrehányás + -ok (plural suffix)

ipa: [ˈsɛmrɛɦaːɲaːʃok]

rhymes: -ok

parts: szem re há nyá sok


dây

links: rope rope

links: cord cord

links: wire wire

links: string string

links: vine vine

links: stem stem

head

vi

tr: 𦀊, 絏

expansion: dây • (𦀊, 絏)

vi-noun

cls: sợi, cọng, cái

𦀊, 絏

expansion: (classifier sợi, cọng, cái) dây • (𦀊, 絏)

forms:
sợi (classifier)
cọng (classifier)
cái (classifier)
𦀊 (CJK)
絏 (CJK)

dây chằng

english: ligament

translation: ligament

dây chuyền

english: chain

translation: chain

dây dưa

english: to drag on

translation: to drag on

dây gắm

english: gnetum montanum

translation: gnetum montanum

dây giày

english: shoelace

translation: shoelace

dây leo

english: vine

translation: vine

dây lưng

english: belt

translation: belt

dây sống

english: chordata

translation: chordata

dây thun

english: rubber band

translation: rubber band

dây tóc

english: filament

translation: filament

đường dây

english: network; gang

translation: network; gang

nhảy dây

english: to jump rope

translation: to jump rope

sán dây

english: tapeworm

translation: tapeworm

ipa: [zəj˧˧]

ipa: [jəj˧˧]

homophone: vây

homophone: vay

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-dây.wav


dây

links: stain stain

links: ink ink

links: blood blood

links: spread spread

text: Dây vào chuyện rùm beng ấy thì có mà sạt nghiệp.

translation: Getting tangled up in that sort of drama will drive you penniless.

links: involved involved

links: unpleasant unpleasant

raw_glosses: (colloquial) to get involved in something unpleasant

head

tr: 洟

expansion: dây • (洟)

vi-verb

洟

forms:
洟 (CJK)
giây (alternative)


nieprzewidywalny

links: unpredictable unpredictable

pl-adj

peri

adv: nieprzewidywalnie

expansion: nieprzewidywalny (comparative bardziej nieprzewidywalny, superlative najbardziej nieprzewidywalny, derived adverb nieprzewidywalnie)

forms:
bardziej nieprzewidywalny (comparative)
najbardziej nieprzewidywalny (superlative)
nieprzewidywalnie (adverb derived)
nieprzewidywalny (masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalna (feminine singular)
nieprzewidywalne (neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalni (plural virile)
nieprzewidywalne (plural)
nieprzewidywalnego (genitive masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalnej (feminine genitive singular)
nieprzewidywalnego (genitive neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalnych (genitive plural)
nieprzewidywalnych (genitive plural virile)
nieprzewidywalnemu (dative masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalnej (dative feminine singular)
nieprzewidywalnemu (dative neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalnym (dative plural)
nieprzewidywalnym (dative plural virile)
nieprzewidywalnego (accusative animate masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalną (accusative feminine singular)
nieprzewidywalne (accusative neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalnych (accusative plural virile)
nieprzewidywalne (accusative plural)
nieprzewidywalnym (instrumental masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalną (feminine instrumental singular)
nieprzewidywalnym (instrumental neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalnymi (instrumental plural)
nieprzewidywalnymi (instrumental plural virile)
nieprzewidywalnym (locative masculine singular)
nieprzewidywalnej (feminine locative singular)
nieprzewidywalnym (locative neuter singular)
nieprzewidywalnych (locative plural)
nieprzewidywalnych (locative plural virile)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Old Polish nie
Old Polish nie-
Polish nie-
Polish przewidywalny
Polish nieprzewidywalny
From nie- + przewidywalny.

ety

pl

:af

przewidywalny

expansion:
Etymology tree
Old Polish nie
Old Polish nie-
Polish nie-
Polish przewidywalny
Polish nieprzewidywalny
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "nie-", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "przewidywalny", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "nieprzewidywalny", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="nieprzewidywalny">
From nie- + przewidywalny.

rhymes: -alnɘ


przewidywalny

links: predictable predictable

pl-adj

adv: przewidywalnie

expansion: przewidywalny (comparative bardziej przewidywalny, superlative najbardziej przewidywalny, derived adverb przewidywalnie)

forms:
bardziej przewidywalny (comparative)
najbardziej przewidywalny (superlative)
przewidywalnie (adverb derived)
przewidywalny (masculine singular)
przewidywalna (feminine singular)
przewidywalne (neuter singular)
przewidywalni (plural virile)
przewidywalne (plural)
przewidywalnego (genitive masculine singular)
przewidywalnej (feminine genitive singular)
przewidywalnego (genitive neuter singular)
przewidywalnych (genitive plural)
przewidywalnych (genitive plural virile)
przewidywalnemu (dative masculine singular)
przewidywalnej (dative feminine singular)
przewidywalnemu (dative neuter singular)
przewidywalnym (dative plural)
przewidywalnym (dative plural virile)
przewidywalnego (accusative animate masculine singular)
przewidywalny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
przewidywalną (accusative feminine singular)
przewidywalne (accusative neuter singular)
przewidywalnych (accusative plural virile)
przewidywalne (accusative plural)
przewidywalnym (instrumental masculine singular)
przewidywalną (feminine instrumental singular)
przewidywalnym (instrumental neuter singular)
przewidywalnymi (instrumental plural)
przewidywalnymi (instrumental plural virile)
przewidywalnym (locative masculine singular)
przewidywalnej (feminine locative singular)
przewidywalnym (locative neuter singular)
przewidywalnych (locative plural)
przewidywalnych (locative plural virile)

etymology_text: From przewidywać + -alny.

przewidywać

expansion: From przewidywać + -alny.


rắn

links: non non

links: constricting constricting

links: snake snake

links: trăn trăn#Vietnamese

glosses: non-constricting snake, as opposed to a trăn (“constricting snake”)

head

tr: 𧋻, 破散

expansion: rắn • (𧋻, 破散)

vi-noun

cls: con

𧋻, 破散

expansion: (classifier con) rắn • (𧋻, 破散)

forms:
con (classifier)
𧋻 (CJK)
破散 (CJK)
tắn (alternative)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *p-səɲʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *bsaɲ; cognate with Muong Bi thảnh, Khasi bseiñ and Pacoh cuxanh. Compare also Khmer ម្សាញ់ (msañ, “Year of the Snake”).
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 破散 (MC phaH sanX) (modern SV: phá tản). Attested as Northern Middle Vietnamese rắn in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651); the modern North Central form is not a reflex of this, but descended from an unattested non-Northern Middle Vietnamese form.

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*p-səɲʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *p-səɲʔ

aav-pro

*bsaɲ

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *bsaɲ

cog

expansion: Muong

bseiñ

expansion: Khasi bseiñ

pac

cuxanh

expansion: Pacoh cuxanh

km

ម្សាញ់

Year of the Snake

ltc-l

破散

expansion: 破散 (MC phaH sanX)

cog

mkh-mvi

rắn

expansion: Middle Vietnamese rắn

ipa: [zan˧˦]

ipa: [ʐaŋ˦˧˥]

ipa: [ɹaŋ˦˥]


rắn

text: rắn lại

translation: to stiffen

english: to stiffen

text: rắn/cứng đầu

translation: stubborn

english: stubborn

text: rắn chắc

translation: well-built and having strong support

english: well-built and having strong support

links: hard hard

links: firm firm

links: rigid rigid

links: physics physics

links: solid solid

head

adjective

tr: 吝, 硍, 𪣠

expansion: rắn • (吝, 硍, 𪣠)

vi-adj

吝, 硍, 𪣠

forms:
吝 (CJK)
硍 (CJK)
𪣠 (CJK)

lỏng

english: liquid

translation: liquid

khí

english: gas

translation: gas

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *k-sanʔ (“solid; hard; firm”). Cognate with Arem tʰanˀ.

inh

*k-sanʔ

solid; hard; firm

aem

expansion: Arem


vợ

text: vợ chồng

translation: wife and husband; a married couple

english: wife and husband; a married couple

text: vợ chồng A Phủ

translation: A Phủ and his wife

english: A Phủ and his wife

text: bố/mẹ vợ

translation: wife's father/mother

english: wife's father/mother

text: Chả là vợ tôi ốm. Đối với tôi, đó là một điều bất ngời ngoài sức tưởng tượng. Khi tôi quyết định lấy vợ, tôi không bao giờ nghĩ rằng đến một ngày nào đó vợ tôi sẽ ốm. Tôi cứ đinh ninh đã là vợ thì không thể ốm được. Thế mà điều đó lại xảy ra, thật là kỳ lạ. Cô ta nằm trên giường, đầu nóng sốt, miệng rên hừ hừ và bất hạnh (cho tôi) nhất là, tay chân không cựa nổi. Tôi đã quen nhìn thấy vợ làm việc quần quật suốt ngày đến nỗi bây giờ nhìn thấy cô ta bạc nhược đợi chồng nâng đầu dậy kê cốc nước vào miệng, thật tôi chẳng làm sao tin được. Nhưng rồi tôi buộc phải tin, bởi vì từ hôm đó cả một núi công việc đổ lên đầu tôi và tôi bị đè bẹp dưới đó hệt như Tôn Ngộ Không bị đè dưới năm ngón tay Phật Như Lại[sic] vậy, đố có mà nhúc nhích được một li.

ref: 2013, Nhật Ánh Nguyễn, “Tôi trở thành người nội trợ đảm đang như thế nào? [How Did I Become a Good Househusband?]”, in Chuyện cổ tích dành cho người lớn [Fairy Tales for Adults], pages 139–140:

english: What happened was my wife got sick. That, to me, was completely beyond my imagination. When I decided to get married, the thought that my wife would get sick one day never even crossed my mind. I was so adamant that wives don't get sick. But it happened, it was so weird. She was lying in bed, her head was feverish, she kept moaning, and the most tragic part (for me) was that she couldn't lift a finger. I had been so used to seeing her doing chores all day, now that I saw her pale face waiting for me to lift her head up and bring a cup of water to her mouth, I just couldn't believe my eyes at all. But eventually I had to, because from then on there would be a mountain of work waiting to crush me, like how Sun Wukong was crushed by Lord Tathāgata's gigantic hand and couldn't move an inch.

type: quotation

links: wife wife

head

tr: 𡞕, 𡢼, 𱙳

expansion: vợ • (𡞕, 𡢼, 𱙳)

vi-noun

𡞕, 𡢼, 𱙳

expansion: vợ • (𡞕, 𡢼, 𱙳)

forms:
𡞕 (CJK)
𡢼 (CJK)
𱙳 (CJK)
vk (alternative)

word: thuận vợ thuận chồng, tát biển đông cũng cạn

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *-bəːʔ; from Old Chinese 婦 (OC *mə.bəʔ) (B-S) (SV: phụ).
Shorto considers vợ a native word, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(ʔ)boʔ (“mother”). This is almost certainly faulty, considering the lack of cognates in both the more conservative Vietic languages and the neighbouring Austroasiatic branches (and the reconstructed item by Shorto is likewise a ghost). Attested in Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 陀被 (MC da bjeX|bjeH) (modern SV: đà bị).
This is now the main word for "wife" in most Vietnamese dialects, although the North Central dialects chiefly use cấy or gấy, a word related to gái (“girls, women”) and cái (“female”).

*-bəːʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *-bəːʔ

der

och

expansion: Old Chinese

och-l

婦

expansion: 婦 (OC *mə.bəʔ)

ncog

mkh-pro

*(ʔ)boʔ

mother

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *(ʔ)boʔ (“mother”)

ltc-l

陀被

expansion: 陀被 (MC da bjeX|bjeH)

ipa: [vəː˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [vəː˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [vəː˨˩˨]

ipa: [jəː˨˩˨]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vợ.wav

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vợ.wav


chồng

text: lấy chồng

translation: (of a woman) to get married

english: (of a woman) to get married

text: bố/mẹ chồng

translation: husband's father/mother

english: husband's father/mother

links: husband husband

head

tr: 重, 𫯰, 𫯳

expansion: chồng • (重, 𫯰, 𫯳)

vi-noun

重, 𫯰, 𫯳

forms:
重 (CJK)
𫯰 (CJK)
𫯳 (CJK)
nhôông (alternative)
nhông (alternative)
dôông (alternative)
dông (alternative)
dôn (alternative)
ck (alternative)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *p-ʄoːŋ ~ *ɟoːŋ. Cognate with Mlabri ɟioŋ ("father"), Khmu joŋ ("man").
This word originally just meant "man, male", as with North Central gấy/cấy (“wife”), originally just meant "woman, female".
Attested in Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 重 (MC drjowng) (modern SV: trùng). Attested as Northern Middle Vietnamese chào᷃ in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651), a dictionary chiefly based on the Northern dialects. The modern Central forms descended from unattested Middle Vietnamese dialects, which further derived from unattested non-Northern Old Vietnamese dialects.

inh

*p-ʄoːŋ ~ *ɟoːŋ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *p-ʄoːŋ ~ *ɟoːŋ

cog

mra

expansion: Mlabri

kjg

expansion: Khmu

重

expansion: 重 (MC drjowng)

mkh-mvi-apex

o

expansion: o᷃

cog

chào᷃

expansion: Middle Vietnamese chào᷃

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˨˩]

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˦˩]

ipa: [cəwŋ͡m˨˩]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chồng.wav


chồng

links:
stack up
stack up

head

vi

verb

tr: 重, 𥔧, 𨤶, 󰣆, 撞

expansion: chồng • (重, 𥔧, 𨤶, 󰣆, 撞)

vi-verb

重, 𥔧, 𨤶, 󰣆, 撞

forms:
重 (CJK)
𥔧 (CJK)
𨤶 (CJK)
撞 (CJK)

etymology_text: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 重 (SV: trùng).

yesno

a

A

expansion: A

n

N

expansion: N

der

zh

pos: SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">trùng</i>

expansion: Chinese 重 (SV: trùng)

vi-etym-sino

trùng

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˨˩]

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˦˩]


chồng

links: stack stack

head

noun

expansion: chồng

expansion: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 重 (SV: trùng)

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˨˩]

ipa: [t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˦˩]


mẹ

glosses:
First person singular subject pronoun
I

links: I I

iso

pronoun

cat2: subject pronouns

expansion: mẹ

ụmẹ

english: me

translation: me

ụmamẹ

english: myself

translation: myself

whẹ

english: you (singular)

translation: you (singular)

ọ

english: he, she

translation: he, she

wha

english: you (plural)

translation: you (plural)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Edoid *mɛmhɛ.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

alv-edo-pro

*mɛmhɛ

expansion: Proto-Edoid *mɛmhɛ

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Edoid *mɛmhɛ

forms: me (alternative)


mẹ

glosses: First person singular possessive determiner

links: my my

pos: det

head

determiner

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Edoid *-mhɛ.

inh

*-mhɛ

expansion: Proto-Edoid *-mhɛ

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Edoid *-mhɛ


mẹ

text:
Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 16b
碎媄𠬛林南𠬛𦍛漚昆糁迈
Tuổi mẹ một trăm năm, một dường âu con tám mươi.
One-hundred-year-old mothers still care about their eighty-year-old children just the same.

text:
Nếu anh còn mẹ, anh sẽ được cài một bông hoa màu hồng trên áo, và anh sẽ tự hào được còn mẹ. Còn nếu anh mất mẹ, anh sẽ được cài trên áo một bông hoa trắng.
[…]
Người được hoa trắng sẽ thấy xót xa, nhớ thương không quên mẹ, dù người đã khuất. Người được hoa hồng sẽ thấy sung sướng nhớ rằng mình còn mẹ, và sẽ cố gắng để làm vui lòng mẹ, kẻo một mai người khuất núi có khóc than cũng không còn kịp nữa.

ref: 1962, Thích Nhất Hạnh, “Bông Hồng Cài Áo [A Rose for Your Pocket]”, in BuddhaSasana:

english:
[…] if your mother is still alive, you wear a red flower on your pocket or your lapel, proud that you still have your mother. If she is no longer alive, you wear a white flower.
 […]
Those who wear white flowers suffer, and their thoughts cannot avoid returning to their mothers. They cannot forget that she is no longer there. Those who wear red flowers are so happy, knowing their mothers are still alive. They can try to please her before she is gone and it is too late.

links: mother mother

head

tr: 美, 母, 媄, 𭒏, 姆, 󰀱

expansion: mẹ • (美, 母, 媄, 𭒏, 姆, 󰀱)

vi-noun

美, 母, 媄, 𭒏, 姆, 󰀱

expansion: mẹ • (美, 母, 媄, 𭒏, 姆, 󰀱)

forms:
美 (CJK)
母 (CJK)
媄 (CJK)
𭒏 (CJK)
姆 (CJK)
mệ (alternative)
moẹ (alternative)
moé (alternative)
mịa (alternative)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *meːʔ ~ *mɛːʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *meʔ (“mother”). Cognate with Bahnar mĕ, Khmer ម៉ែ (mae), Mon မိ (mìˀ), Khasi mei. Ultimately a nursery word, compare Old Chinese 母 (*mɯʔ) and Proto-Tai *meːᴮ (whence Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ)). Doublet of mái.

mkh-vie-pro

*meːʔ

*meːʔ ~ *mɛːʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *meːʔ ~ *mɛːʔ

aav-pro

*meʔ

mother

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *meʔ (“mother”)

cog

bdq

mĕ

expansion: Bahnar mĕ

km

ម៉ែ

expansion: Khmer ម៉ែ (mae)

mnw

မိ

tr: mìˀ

expansion: Mon မိ (mìˀ)

kha

mei

expansion: Khasi mei

och

母

expansion: Old Chinese 母 (*mɯʔ)

tai-pro

*meːᴮ

expansion: Proto-Tai *meːᴮ

th

แม่

expansion: Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ)

doublet

mái

expansion: Doublet of mái

ipa: [mɛ˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [mɛ˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [mɛ˨˩˨]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mẹ.wav


mẹ

links: ironic irony

raw_glosses: (ironic) you (toward a female person whom one disdains)

head

expansion: mẹ

forms:
mệ (alternative)
moẹ (alternative)
moé (alternative)
mịa (alternative)


mẹ

text: mẹ mày

translation: your mom

english: your mom

text: Trời nóng bỏ mẹ ra.

translation: The weather is so fucking hot.

english: The weather is so fucking hot.

pos: intj

interjection


rộng

text: rộng rãi

translation: spacious

english: spacious

text: Chỗ này rộng thật!

translation: This place is so large!

english: This place is so large!

links: having having

links:
lots of
lots of

links: space space

links: span span

links: great great

links: amount amount

links: spacious spacious

links: wide wide

links: broad broad

links: vast vast

links: large large

raw_glosses: (literal) having lots of space, or spanning across great amounts of space; spacious, wide, broad, vast, large, etc.

qualifier: literal

links: clothing clothing#Noun

links: loose loose

links: too too

links: big big

links: chật chật#Vietnamese

links: vừa vừa#Vietnamese

raw_glosses: (clothing) loose or too big; compare chật (“tight or too small”) and vừa (“fitted”)

text: hiểu biết/kiến thức (sâu) rộng

translation: broad knowledge

english: broad knowledge

links: breadth breadth

links: depth depth

links: deep deep

raw_glosses: (figurative) having great breadth or depth; broad, vast, great, deep, etc.

adjective

tr: 壙, 曠, 𢌌

expansion: rộng • (壙, 曠, 𢌌)

vi-adj

壙, 曠, 𢌌

forms:
壙 (CJK)
曠 (CJK)
𢌌 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *roːŋʔ.

inh

*roːŋʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *roːŋʔ

ipa: [zəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [ʐəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [ɹəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]


chặt

links: tight tight

head

tr: 鑕, 㩫, 秩

expansion: chặt • (鑕, 㩫, 秩)

vi-adj

鑕, 㩫, 秩

forms:
鑕 (CJK)
㩫 (CJK)
秩 (CJK)

ipa: [t͡ɕat̚˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [t͡ɕak̚˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [cak̚˨˩˨]


chặt

links: cut cut

links: sever sever

links: fell fell

links: chop chop

head

verb

tr: 鑕, 秩, 𪮞

expansion: chặt • (鑕, 秩, 𪮞)

vi-verb

鑕, 秩, 𪮞

forms:
鑕 (CJK)
秩 (CJK)
𪮞 (CJK)

etymology_text: Compare Proto-Katuic *ciat (“to slice off”) and Khmer ចិត (cət).

cog

mkh-kat-pro

*ciat

to slice off

expansion: Proto-Katuic *ciat (“to slice off”)

ចិត

expansion: Khmer ចិត (cət)


khác

links: different different

links: other other

head

tr: 恪

expansion: khác • (恪)

vi-adj

恪

forms: 恪 (CJK)

ipa: [xaːk̚˧˦]

ipa: [kʰaːk̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [kʰaːk̚˦˥]


ngồi

links: sit sit

head

tou

expansion: ngồi

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *ŋuːj.

inh

*ŋuːj

expansion: Proto-Vietic *ŋuːj


ngồi

text: ngồi không

translation: to sit around idly

english: to sit around idly

text: ngồi nhà đá

translation: to be in prison

english: to be in prison

raw_glosses: (figurative) to be somewhere for a long period of time

text: ngồi ghế thủ tướng

translation: to hold the seat of prime minister

english: to hold the seat of prime minister

links: hold hold

links: position position

head

tr: 外, 𡎢, 𡎥, 𡎦, 𡓮, 𫮋, 𱖗, 坐

expansion: ngồi • (外, 𡎢, 𡎥, 𡎦, 𡓮, 𫮋, 𱖗, 坐)

vi-verb

外, 𡎢, 𡎥, 𡎦, 𡓮, 𫮋, 𱖗, 坐

forms:
外 (CJK)
𡎢 (CJK)
𡎥 (CJK)
𡎦 (CJK)
𡓮 (CJK)
𫮋 (CJK)
𱖗 (CJK)
坐 (CJK)
ngầu (alternative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Vietic *ŋuːj (“to sit”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ŋguj (“to sit down”). Cognate with Arem ngùơi (“to sit down; to be at”), Khmer អង្គុយ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkuy, “to sit”) and Koho nggui. Doublet of ngôi.

yesno

i

expansion: I

glossary

expansion: Inherited

to sit

expansion: Proto-Vietic *ŋuːj (“to sit”)

inh+

mkh-pro

*ŋguj

to sit down

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *ŋguj (“to sit down”)

cog

aem

ngùơi

to sit down; to be at

expansion: Arem ngùơi (“to sit down; to be at”)

អង្គុយ

to sit

expansion: Khmer អង្គុយ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkuy, “to sit”)

kpm

nggui

expansion: Koho nggui

doublet

ngôi

expansion: Doublet of ngôi

ipa: [ŋoj˨˩]

ipa: [ŋoj˦˩]


tặng

links: give give

links: gift gift

text: Mua một tặng một.

translation: Buy one get one free.

english: Buy one get one free.

links:
for free
for free

head

vi

tr: 赠

expansion: tặng • (赠)

vi-verb

赠

forms: 赠 (CJK)

etymology_text: Sino-Vietnamese word from 贈.

etymid

贈

categorize

Sino-Vietnamese words

vi-etym-sino

贈

expansion: Sino-Vietnamese word from 贈

ipa: [taŋ˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [taŋ˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [taŋ˨˩˨]


ném

links: throw throw

links: fling fling

links: cast cast

links: chuck chuck

head

tr: 𢷁

expansion: ném • (𢷁)

vi-verb

𢷁

forms: 𢷁 (CJK)

ipa: [nɛm˧˦]

ipa: [nɛm˦˧˥]

ipa: [nɛm˦˥]


đếm

links: count count

links: number number

links: enumerate enumerate

glosses: to count (one by one); to number; to enumerate

head

tr: 点, 點

expansion: đếm • (点, 點)

点, 點

expansion: đếm • (点, 點)

forms:
点 (CJK)
點 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Old Chinese 點 (OC *tˤemʔ) (SV: điểm). Cognate with Muong Bi tểm.

der

och

expansion: Old Chinese

IPAfont

*tˤemʔ

expansion: *tˤemʔ

och-l

點

tr: *tˤemʔ

expansion: 點 (OC *tˤemʔ)

cog

mtq

expansion: Muong

ipa: [ʔɗem˧˦]

ipa: [ʔɗem˦˧˥]

ipa: [ʔɗem˦˥]


chơi

text: chơi ghi-ta

translation: to play the guitar

english: to play the guitar

text: chơi đá bóng

translation: to play soccer

english: to play soccer

links: play play

links: instrument instrument

links: sport sport

raw_glosses: (transitive) to play (an instrument, a sport, etc.)

text: Nó qua nhà bạn chơi cả ngày.

translation: He was hanging out at his friend's home all day.

links:
have fun
have fun

links:
hang out
hang out

links:
spend time
spend time

links: idly idly

raw_glosses: (intransitive) to have fun; to hang out; to spend time idly

text: Tao chơi với nó được hơn hai năm rồi.

translation: (informal) I've been friends with him/her for over 2 years.

links: friends friends

raw_glosses: (transitive) to be friends (with someone)

text: Tao bị nó chơi một vố đau quá.

translation: (informal) I got played hard by him/her.

links: deceive deceive

links: prank prank

head

tr: 制, 𨔈

expansion: chơi • (制, 𨔈)

vi-verb

制, 𨔈

forms:
制 (CJK)
𨔈 (CJK)

etymology_text: Compare Muong chơl (“glad; jubilant”) and Proto-Katuic *ɟrhaal (“to play”).

chơl

glad; jubilant

expansion: Muong chơl (“glad; jubilant”)

*ɟrhaal

t: to play

expansion: Proto-Katuic *ɟrhaal (“to play”)

ipa: [t͡ɕəːj˧˧]

ipa: [cəːj˧˧]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chơi.wav


trong

text: Me har trong for fleire folk.

translation: We have a need for more people.

english: We have a need for more people.

links: need need

nn-noun-unc

m

expansion: trong m (definite singular trongen, uncountable)

forms: trongen (definite singular)

etymology_text: From Old Norse þrǫng.

der

nn

non

þrǫng

expansion: Old Norse þrǫng

ipa: /trɔŋː/


trong

text: Dei gjekk gjennom tronge fjellpass.

translation: They walked through narrow mountain passes.

links: tight tight

links: narrow narrow

expansion: trong (neuter trongt, definite singular and plural tronge, comparative trongare, indefinite superlative trongast, definite superlative trongaste)

forms:
trongt (neuter)
tronge (definite plural singular)
trongare (comparative)
trongast (indefinite superlative)
trongaste (definite superlative)

etymology_text: From Old Norse þrǫngr.

þrǫngr

expansion: Old Norse þrǫngr


trong

text: Nước trong mà! Uống chắc không sao đâu!

translation: The water looks pretty clean! Probably wouldn't hurt to drink a bit!

links: clear clear

links: presumably presumably

links: clean clean

raw_glosses: (of liquid) clear and thus presumably clean

links: translucent translucent

links: transparent transparent

raw_glosses: (of a material) translucent or transparent

head

tr: 冲, 工, 沖, 𤁘, 𤄯, 𬈴

expansion: trong • (冲, 工, 沖, 𤁘, 𤄯, 𬈴)

vi-adj

冲, 工, 沖, 𤁘, 𤄯, 𬈴

forms:
冲 (CJK)
工 (CJK)
沖 (CJK)
𤁘 (CJK)
𤄯 (CJK)
𬈴 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *k-lɔːŋ (“clear; limpid”).
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 𱷥, an simplified form of 龍 (MC ljowng) (modern SV: long). Attested as tlao᷃ in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*k-lɔːŋ

clear; limpid

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-lɔːŋ (“clear; limpid”)

ltc-l

龍

expansion: 龍 (MC ljowng)

mkh-mvi-apex

o

expansion: o᷃

ipa: [t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˧]

ipa: [ʈawŋ͡m˧˧]

ipa: [ʈɔŋ˧˧]

ipa: [ʈɔŋ˧˥]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trong.wav


trong

text: trong nhà/phòng

translation: in(side) the house/room

english: in(side) the house/room

text: trong tim/lòng/bụng

translation: in one's heart

english: in one's heart

literal_meaning: inside the heart/entrails/stomach

links: in in

links: inside inside

links: within within

links: interior interior

links: enclosed enclosed

links: space space

glosses: in; inside; within (an interior or enclosed space)

text: trong (vòng) 4 tiếng

translation: within four hours

english: within four hours

links: amount amount

links: time time

text: trong đám đông

translation: in/among the crowd

english: in/among the crowd

links: among among

links: group group

text: trong nam

translation: someplace in southern Vietnam; "the south"

links: place place

links: southern southern

links: Vietnam Vietnam

pos: prep

head

preposition

tr: 工, 宮, 中, 共, 𥪝, 𥪞, 𳑴

expansion: trong • (工, 宮, 中, 共, 𥪝, 𥪞, 𳑴)

vi-preposition

工, 宮, 中, 共, 𥪝, 𥪞, 𳑴

forms:
工 (CJK)
宮 (CJK)
中 (CJK)
共 (CJK)
𥪝 (CJK)
𥪞 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *k-lɔːŋ (“inside”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *kluːŋ ~ *kluəŋ (“insides; belly”). Cognates include Muong tlong, Chut [Rục] klɔːŋ¹, Pacoh callúng, Semnam kluoːŋ, Bulo Stieng kluŋ, and Khmer ក្នុង (knong). Doublet of lòng, tròng and possibly nòng.
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 工 (MC kuwng) (modern SV: công) and 共 (MC gjowngH) (modern SV: cộng). Attested as 工 (MC kuwng) in the work Đắc thú lâm tuyền thành đạo ca (得趣林泉成道𰙔) found in the book Thiền tông bản hạnh (禪宗本行). Attested as 工 (MC kuwng) in Chu dịch quốc âm ca (周易國音歌). Attested as tlao᷄ in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).
Unrelated to Chinese 中 (OC *truŋ) (B-S), which is read trung in modern Vietnamese and spelled tru᷄ in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
Proto-Tai *klaːŋᴬ (whence Thai กลาง (glaang)) and Proto-Mienic *ɢljaŋᴬ (whence Iu Mien jaangh) might just be look-alikes.

inh

inside

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-lɔːŋ (“inside”)

aav-pro

*kluːŋ

*kluːŋ ~ *kluəŋ

insides; belly

cog

tlong

expansion: Muong tlong

scb

expansion: Chut

pac

callúng

expansion: Pacoh callúng

ssm

expansion: Semnam

sti

expansion: Bulo Stieng

km

ក្នុង

expansion: Khmer ក្នុង (knong)

doublet

lòng

expansion: Doublet of lòng

ltc-l

工

expansion: 工 (MC kuwng)

共

expansion: 共 (MC gjowngH)

ncog

zh

expansion: Chinese

IPAfont

*truŋ

expansion: *truŋ

och-l

中

tr: *truŋ

expansion: 中 (OC *truŋ)

ncog

tai-pro

*klaːŋᴬ

expansion: Proto-Tai *klaːŋᴬ

cog

th

กลาง

expansion: Thai กลาง (glaang)

ncog

ium

jaangh

expansion: Iu Mien jaangh

ipa: [t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˧]


trong

text: phòng trong

links: behind behind

head

vi

adjective

expansion: trong

inh

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *kluːŋ ~ *kluəŋ (“insides; belly”)

cog

mtq

ipa: [t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˧]


szemrehányást tesz

text: Senki sem fog neked szemrehányást tenni.

translation: No one will blame you.

english: No one will blame you.

text: Nem tehet nekem szemrehányást.

translation: He/she can't reproach me.

english: He/she can't reproach me.

links: reproach reproach

links: blame blame

links: rebuke rebuke

links: disapproval disapproval#English

raw_glosses: (idiomatic) to reproach, blame, rebuke (to express disapproval to someone for a behavior or deed)

head

hu

verb

expansion: szemrehányást tesz

etymology_text: szemrehányás (“reproach”) + -t (accusative suffix) + tesz (“to make”)

affix

szemrehányás

-t

tesz

t1: reproach

pos2: accusative suffix

t3: to make

ipa: [ˈsɛmrɛɦaːɲaːʃtɛs]


nhẵn

links: smooth smooth

links: even even

links: flat flat

links: all all

links: gone gone

links: finished finished

head

tr: 𨧟

expansion: nhẵn • (𨧟)

vi-adj

𨧟

forms: 𨧟 (CJK)

ipa: [ɲan˦ˀ˥]

ipa: [ɲaŋ˧˨]

ipa: [ɲaŋ˨˩˦]


nhẵn

links: very very

links: familiar familiar

head

expansion: nhẵn


mòn

links: hill hill

links: mountain mountain

ht

noun

expansion: mòn

etymology_text: From French mont.

inh

fr

mont

expansion: French mont

ipa: /mɔn/


mòn

links: wear wear

links:
wear out
wear out

glosses: to wear (as in to subject to wear), to wear out

head

tr: 𤷱

expansion: mòn • (𤷱)

vi-verb

𤷱

forms: 𤷱 (CJK)

ipa: [mɔn˨˩]

ipa: [mɔŋ˦˩]

ipa: [mɔŋ˨˩]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mòn.wav


tròn

text: O tròn như quả trứng gà.

translation: O's oval like an egg.

english: O's oval like an egg.

links: round round#English

links: circular circular#English

links: elliptical elliptical#English

links: oval oval#English

links: cylindrical cylindrical#English

links: spherical spherical#English

glosses: round, especially circular, elliptical, oval, cylindrical or spherical

text: tròn chục/trăm/nghìn

translation: divisible by 10/100/1000

english: divisible by 10/100/1000

links: mathematics mathematics

text: làm tròn lên/xuống

translation: to round up/down to the next integer

english: to round up/down to the next integer

links: integer integer

raw_glosses: (mathematics, informal) being an integer

head

tr: 𧷺, 𡃋, 侖, 圇, 崙, 𣄇

expansion: tròn • (𧷺, 𡃋, 侖, 圇, 崙, 𣄇)

vi-adj

𧷺, 𡃋, 侖, 圇, 崙, 𣄇

forms:
𧷺 (CJK)
𡃋 (CJK)
侖 (CJK)
圇 (CJK)
崙 (CJK)
𣄇 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *g-lɔːn (“round, full (moon)”); cognate with Muong tlòn. Compare Proto-Katuic *-lɔɔn (“to shape into a ball”), Khasi pyllon (“round”), Proto-Hmong-Mien *ɢlun (“round”) (whence Iu Mien junh (“round, circular”)). Compare also trọn.

inh

*g-lɔːn

round, full (moon)

cog

tlòn

expansion: Muong tlòn

mkh-kat-pro

*-lɔɔn

to shape into a ball

kha

pyllon

round

expansion: Khasi pyllon (“round”)

hmx-pro

*ɢlun

expansion: Proto-Hmong-Mien *ɢlun (“round”)

junh

round, circular

expansion: Iu Mien junh (“round, circular”)

ipa: [t͡ɕɔn˨˩]

ipa: [ʈɔŋ˦˩]

ipa: [ʈɔŋ˨˩]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-tròn.wav


tròn

text: làm tròn bổn phận

translation: to complete your duty

english: to complete your duty

text: Đã tròn năm năm kể từ khi sự việc đó xảy ra.

translation: It has been five full years since that incident.

links: completely completely

links: thoroughly thoroughly

head

adverb

tr: 𧷺, 𡃋, 侖, 圇, 崙, 𣄇

vi-adv

𧷺, 𡃋, 侖, 圇, 崙, 𣄇

inh

mkh-vie-pro

expansion: Proto-Vietic *g-lɔːn (“round, full (moon)”)

expansion: Proto-Katuic *-lɔɔn (“to shape into a ball”)


cũ

text: Aut cũ gargariſmis maturatiuis & apertiuis:vt eſt decoctio ficuum dactilorũ fenugreci addendo fermentum.

ref: 1537, Guy de Chauliac, Joannes Baptistia Cortesius, Chirurgia Guidonis de Cauliaco […], Messanæ, page 73:

links: cum cum#Latin

la-prep

cũ

ablative

expansion: cũ (+ ablative)

ipa: [ˈkũː]

note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical

ipa: [ˈkum]


cũ

links: old old

links: ancient ancient

links: cổ cổ#Vietnamese

links: già già#Vietnamese

raw_glosses: (of an object) old, but not ancient; compare cổ (“ancient”) and già (of a lifeform)

text: từ/nghĩa cũ

translation: an obsolete word/sense

english: an obsolete word/sense

links: semantics semantics

links: obsolete obsolete

links: secondhand secondhand

raw_glosses: (of an object) secondhand (not new; previously owned and used by another)

text: Liên Xô cũ

translation: the former Soviet Union

english: the former Soviet Union

text: Nam Tư cũ

translation: the former Yugoslavia

english: the former Yugoslavia

links: former former

text: bạn cũ

translation: old friend

english: old friend

text: người yêu/người tình/bồ/bạn trai/bạn gái cũ

translation: an ex-lover/boyfriend/girlfriend

english: an ex-lover/boyfriend/girlfriend

text: chồng/vợ cũ

translation: an ex-husband/wife

english: an ex-husband/wife

links: close close

head

expansion: cũ • (具, 𫇰, 𲼌, 󱝘, 𦼨, 𬞰, 𬞺, 𪧘, 𬟗, 𬟛, 寠, 𱿈, 𡳶, 𦧃, 𡳵)

vi-adj

forms:
具 (CJK)
𫇰 (CJK)
𦼨 (CJK)
𬞰 (CJK)
𬞺 (CJK)
𪧘 (CJK)
𬟗 (CJK)
𬟛 (CJK)
寠 (CJK)
𱿈 (CJK)
𡳶 (CJK)
𦧃 (CJK)
𡳵 (CJK)

etymology_text: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ). Doublet of cổ.

yesno

a

A

expansion: A

n

N

expansion: N

der

zh

t: old

pos: SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">cổ</i>

expansion: Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ)

vi-etym-sino

古

old

cổ

doublet

cổ

expansion: Doublet of cổ

ipa: [ku˦ˀ˥]

ipa: [kʊw˧˨]

ipa: [kʊw˨˩˦]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cũ.wav


giỏi

text: 'Tôi nghĩ rằng để giỏi tiếng Việt cần phải thực hành giao tiếp thường xuyên với người Việt.'

ref: 2017 May 19, Đ. Tuấn, “Hội thảo 'Giữ gìn, bảo vệ ngôn ngữ và văn hóa Việt' tại Pháp [A workshop on 'Maintaining, preserving the Vietnamese language and culture' in France]”, in Nhân Dân, Communist Party of Vietnam, retrieved 02 Apr 2019:

english: 'I think to be good at Vietnamese, you have to stay in regular contact with Vietnamese people.'

links: good good

links: competent competent

text: tốt nghiệp loại giỏi

translation: to graduate magna cum laude

english: to graduate magna cum laude

links: education education

links:
xuất sắc
xuất sắc#Vietnamese

links: excellent excellent

links: khá khá#Vietnamese

links:
trung bình
trung bình#Vietnamese

links: average average

links: yếu yếu#Vietnamese

links: poor poor

links: kém kém#Vietnamese

links: terrible terrible

raw_glosses: (education, of a student or their achievements, of a diploma) "very good", below xuất sắc (“excellent”), above khá (“good”), trung bình (“average”), yếu (“poor”) and kém (“terrible”)

head

adjective

tr: 㩡, 𤈜, 唯

expansion: giỏi • (㩡, 𤈜, 唯)

vi-adj

㩡, 𤈜, 唯

forms:
㩡 (CJK)
𤈜 (CJK)
唯 (CJK)

ipa: [zɔj˧˩]

ipa: [jɔj˧˨]

ipa: [jɔj˨˩˦]


cháy

text: For examples of this term in chữ Nôm, see 𤈜, 奵.

text: Mây trắng đã giăng trời Bến Nghé / Nắng chiều dường cháy đất Gò Công.

ref: 1872, Nguyễn Hữu Huân, Thuật hoài:

english: White clouds hung from the sky at Bến Nghé / The afternoon sun seemed to set the land of Gò Công ablaze.

text: Mấy năm nay ở Hà-nội tự dưng thành ra một thói tệ, là khi có đám cháy trong thành-phố, thì nhà nào nhà ấy đóng chặt cửa lại, còn người đi qua đi lại thì chạy trốn. Sự đó bởi sao? Có người nói là tại những lính phút-lít thấy ai đến cứu cháy thì cứ đánh người ta, bắt người ta làm như cu-li; chớ không để cho người ta được tự do, tùy sức mình mà cứu.

ref: 1907, Nguyễn Văn Vĩnh, “Thói tệ”, in Đại Nam Đăng Cổ Tùng Báo:

english: In recent years in Hanoi, a bad habit suddenly arose that, when a fire breaks out in the city, one household after another closes its doors, while passers-by run for cover. Why? Some say it's because the [colonial] police beat anyone they see coming in to put out the fire, treating him like a coolie, rather than allowing him to freely assist according to his ability.

text: Phan ra ngoài cháy nắng ngay.

english: Phan went outside and quickly became sunburned.

links: burn burn

links: burnt burnt

links: blaze blaze

raw_glosses: (intransitive) to burn, to become burnt; to blaze

links: cooking cooking#Noun

text: Bóng đèn bị cháy rồi.

translation: The light bulb has gone out.

english: The light bulb has gone out.

links:
burn out
burn out

text: Bùi khát cháy họng.

english: Bui was parched, his throat searing.

translation: Bui was parched, his throat searing.

text: Hoa lo cháy ruột gan trước khi đi thi.

english: Hoa's heart burned with anxiety before taking the test.

links: pain pain

links: urgency urgency

raw_glosses: (transitive, figuratively) to sense pain (in a part of the body) due to a feeling of urgency

head

verb

tr: 𪸔, 𤈜, 奵

expansion: cháy • (𪸔, 𤈜, 奵)

vi-verb

𪸔, 𤈜, 奵

forms:
𪸔 (CJK)
𤈜 (CJK)
奵 (CJK)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Vietic *k-carʔ (“fire, conflagration”). Cognate with Muong chẳl, Bo kacarʔ, Arem cál.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

*k-carʔ

fire, conflagration

cog

chẳl

expansion: Muong chẳl

bgl

expansion: Bo

aem

cál

expansion: Arem cál

wp

vi:

ipa: [t͡ɕaj˧˦]

ipa: [t͡ɕaj˨˩˦]

ipa: [ca(ː)j˦˥]

ipa: /t͡ɕaj˩˩/

ipa: /t͡ɕa̰j˩˧/


cháy

text: Bản nhạc này nghe khá cháy!

translation: This music is kinda fire!

english: This music is kinda fire!

links: fire fire

links: dope dope

head

vi

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Vietic *k-carʔ (“fire, conflagration”)


cháy

text: Thương nhau cho nhau ăn cháy, ghét nhau nói nhau cạy nồi.

english: When a couple loves each other, they feed each other burnt rice [from the pot]; when they hate each other, they tell each other to scour the pot.

text:
1932: Lệ Xuân, "Nhà đại ký-giả thời-sự", Phụ Nữ Tân Văn, issue 150, page 12 http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi?a=d&d=HtCq19320622.1.14&srpos=1&e=-------vi-20--1-byDA-img-txIN-%22c%C6%A1m+ch%C3%A1y%22-----
Văn-sĩ kiếm cơm cháy!

english: The writer is looking for burnt rice!

translation: The writer is looking for burnt rice!

text:
1943: Mạnh Phú Tư, "Cái Đồng Ma", Tiểu Thuyết Thứ Bảy, vol. 10, issue 472, page 13 http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi?a=d&d=HxpJ19430731.2.2&e=-------vi-20--1-byDA-img-txIN-%22%C4%83n+ch%C3%A1y%22-----
Gặp nhà nào phúc hậu cho ăn thì chúng sà vào, vét nồi, vét niêu, ăn vầng, ăn cháy.

english: At any house that kindly let them eat, they swooped in, scraping pots clean, eating burnt rice.

text: Trẻ đi học, kiêng ăn cơm cháy, sợ tối dạ.

ref: 1969, Toan Ánh, Nếp cũ tín ngưỡng Việt-Nam:

english: Youths go to school, abstaining from burnt rice, fearing retardation.

text: Phải nhìn những chú tuổi đã mười bốn, mười lăm, nhưng chỉ lớn bằng đứa trẻ lên chín lên mười ở vùng xuôi, gùi một quả đạn ĐK 75, vượt dốc phăng phăng, không ăn cơm, chỉ ăn cháy vì sợ các chú bộ đội đói […] mới thật là thương.

ref: 1976, Nguyễn Khải, Tháng ba ở Tây Nguyên:

english: You have to look at the guys who are fourteen, fifteen years old but only as big as nine- or ten-year-olds in the lowlands, carrying ĐK 75 grenades, quickly scaling hills, eating no rice but only burnt rice out of fear that the soldiers would go hungry […] they are the ones you love.

text: Chỉ có mỗi khi ăn cơm thì Nương bao giờ cũng dành cho tôi một miếng cháy ngon nhất, vàng xuộm.

ref: 1985, Nguyễn Thế Phương, “Đào chèo”, in Truyện ngắn Việt Nam, 1945-1985:

english: Whenever we ate, Nuong always left me the tastiest piece of burnt rice, golden brown.

text: ―Nè Tân. Vô anh cho miếng cháy chảo nè. Ngon lắm.

ref: 2004, Những kỷ niệm khó quên:

english: “Hey Tan. Go in and I'll give you a piece of burnt rice from the wok. Very tasty.”

text: Khi thì mẹ bảo mẹ thích ăn cơm cháy, khi thì mẹ bảo vét hết để rửa nổ cho tiện.

ref: 2011, Duy Lan, “Cơm cháy”, in Dịu dàng ơi!, page 253:

english: Sometimes mother told me she liked eating burnt rice; other times she told me to just go ahead and scrape away everything when washing.

links: rice rice

links: cake cake#Verb

links:
rice cooker
rice cooker

glosses: burnt rice caked at the bottom of a pot of rice or rice cooker

head

noun

expansion: cháy

vi-noun

cls: đám

expansion: (classifier đám) cháy

cls: miếng

expansion: (classifier miếng) cháy

forms:
đám (classifier)
miếng (classifier)

inh

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-carʔ (“fire, conflagration”)

cog

mtq


cháy

links:
cá cháy
cá cháy#Vietnamese

links: hilsa hilsa

raw_glosses: (archaic) synonym of cá cháy (“hilsa, especially Laotian or Toli shad”)

cá cháy

extra: hilsa, especially Laotian or Toli shad

head

tr: 𩶪, 𩺧

expansion: cháy • (𩶪, 𩺧)

vi-noun

𩶪, 𩺧

forms:
𩶪 (CJK)
𩺧 (CJK)

etymology_text: Same as etymology 1, purportedly due to the blackness of hilsa's scales.


băng

text: Chắc cạ mé pền khẩy, lan băng mà dương.

translation: Knowing you got sick, I ran home to visit.

text: băng quá kéo

translation: to cross the pass

english: to cross the pass

links: run run

links: cross cross

head

tyz

expansion: băng

etymology_text: Borrowed from Vietnamese băng.

bor+

vi

băng

expansion: Borrowed from Vietnamese băng

ipa: [ɓaŋ˧˥]

ipa: [ɓaŋ˦]


băng

text: tua pja băng

translation: pike

english: pike

links: pike pike

links: tua tua#Tày

etymology_text: Possibly through an ancient form of Vietnamese măng.

bor

măng

expansion: Vietnamese măng


băng

text: tảng băng trôi

translation: iceberg

english: iceberg

literal_meaning: slab of floating ice

text: đóng băng

translation: to freeze

english: to freeze

links: geology geology

links: climatology climatology

links: hail hail

links: ice ice

đá

english: consumed or industrial ice

translation: consumed or industrial ice

etymology_text:
Sino-Vietnamese word from 冰. Quite recently displaced native giá, now found chiefly in compounds.
Compare this diễn nghĩa example from Hiếu kinh diễn nghĩa, written in Southern Vietnamese:
:
4th century BCE (original Chinese), anonymous author, Hiếu Kinh 孝經:
詩(thi)云(vân)戰(chiến)戰(chiến)兢(căng)兢(căng)如(như)臨(lâm)深(thâm)淵(uyên)如(như)履(lí)薄(bạc)冰(băng)
It is said in the Book of Poetry: Be apprehensive, be cautious, as if on the brink of a deep abyss, as if treading on thin ice.

::
1893 (diễn nghĩa), diễn nghĩa by Trương Minh Ký, Hiếu kinh diễn nghĩa:
Thi rằng: E lệ lo âu, như sang giá mỏng vực sâu khác gì!
It is said in the Book of Poetry: Be apprehensive, be cautious, as if treading on thin ice and crossing deep abyss.
See also this example from Nam học Hán văn khoá bản, written in Northern Vietnamese.
:
1920, Nguyễn Can Mộng, “Bài 12”, in Nam học Hán văn khoá bản:
冰 Băng=giá, la glace.
冰 Băng=ice, la glace.

etymid

冰

categorize

Sino-Vietnamese words

vi-etym-sino

冰

expansion: Sino-Vietnamese word from 冰

B.C.E.

expansion: BCE

vi-ruby

詩云戰戰兢兢如臨深淵如履薄冰

thi vân chiến chiến căng căng như lâm thâm uyên như lí bạc băng

quote-book

zh

year: 4th century <small class='ce-date'>BCE</small> (original Chinese)

author: anonymous

title: Hiếu Kinh 孝經

lw

Trương Minh Ký

expansion: Trương Minh Ký

quote-book

year: 1893 (diễn nghĩa)

author: diễn nghĩa by Trương Minh Ký

title: Hiếu kinh diễn nghĩa

author: Nguyễn Can Mộng

title: Nam học Hán văn khoá bản

chapter: Bài 12

passage: 冰 Băng=giá, la glace.

translation: 冰 Băng=ice, la glace.

ipa: [ʔɓaŋ˧˧]


băng

links: band band

links: strip strip

text: băng đĩa

translation: VHS tapes/cassettes and CD's

english: VHS tapes/cassettes and CD's

text: đầu băng

translation: a VHS player

english: a VHS player

text: băng dính

translation: sticky tape

english: sticky tape

links: tape tape

links: gang gang

links: group group

etymology_text: Borrowed from French bande.

bor

fr

bande

expansion: French bande


băng

text: băng đèo, vượt núi

translation: to make a long and difficult journey

english: to make a long and difficult journey

literal_meaning: to cross mountain passes and climb over mountains

links:
cut across
cut across

links: move move

links: across across

links: quickly quickly

links: cross cross#Verb

links: rush rush#Verb

glosses: to cut across; to move across quickly; to cross; to rush

head

tr: 氷

expansion: băng • (氷)

vi-verb

氷

forms: 氷 (CJK)


chùi

text: thảm chùi chân

translation: a mat for wiping one's feet

english: a mat for wiping one's feet

links: wipe wipe

links: scour scour

links: cleanse cleanse

head

tr: 𢹉, 𢬗

expansion: chùi • (𢹉, 𢬗)

𢹉, 𢬗

forms:
𢹉 (CJK)
𢬗 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *ɟuːj.

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*ɟuːj

expansion: Proto-Vietic *ɟuːj

ipa: [t͡ɕuj˨˩]

ipa: [t͡ɕuj˦˩]

ipa: [cuj˨˩]


ngã

text: Anh kia nghe thấy thế, vội vàng chui ra, chạy về. Chẳng may sân nhà có lắm rêu, trượt, ngã đánh « huỵch » một cái bằng giời giáng.

ref: 1912, Thọ An (editor), “Được cả đơn liền kép”, in Tiếu lâm An Nam, volume II:

english: The man heard her words, hastily crawled out [of his hiding] to run home. Unfortunately, as the mossy yard was too slippery, he fell with a "thud" as if he just got dropped from heaven.

links: fall fall

links: tripping tripping

links: toppling toppling

links: collapsing collapsing

raw_glosses: (Northern Vietnam, of an animate being) to fall on the ground while standing on it in a tripping, toppling or collapsing motion

text: Coi chừng cây nó ngã!

translation: Watch out for the falling tree!

english: Watch out for the falling tree!

text: Ê, cây móc đồ ngã mất tiêu rồi kìa.

translation: Hey, your hanger stand has collapsed (and it's still on the ground).

links: collapse collapse

links: ground ground

links: remain remain

raw_glosses: (Southern Vietnam, of a generally inanimate object) to collapse onto the ground and remains there for a period of time

head

tr: 我

expansion: ngã • (我)

vi-verb

我

forms: 我 (CJK)

ipa: [ŋaː˦ˀ˥]

ipa: [ŋaː˧˨]

ipa: [ŋaː˨˩˦]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ngã.wav


ngã

links: linguistics linguistics

links:
thanh ngã
thanh ngã#Vietnamese

head

expansion: ngã


ngã

text: ngã ba

translation: a three-way intersection; a fork

english: a three-way intersection; a fork

text: ngã tư

translation: a crossroads

english: a crossroads

text: ngã tư Bảy Hiền

translation: the Bảy Hiền crossroads

english: the Bảy Hiền crossroads

text: ngã năm Chuồng Chó

translation: the "Dog Cage" five-way intersection

english: the "Dog Cage" five-way intersection

text: ngã sáu Cộng Hoà

translation: the Cộng Hoà six-way intersection

english: the Cộng Hoà six-way intersection

links: intersection intersection#English

raw_glosses: (almost always in compounds with an integer greater than 2) an intersection

ngã đường

sense: an intersection

etymology_text: From Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₁ngah (“crossroads”).

yesno

a

expansion: A

n

expansion: N

der

t: a fork in a path

pos: SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">a, nha</i>

vi-etym-sino

丫

a fork in a path

a, nha

expansion: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 丫 (“a fork in a path”, SV: a, nha)

inh

mkh-pro

crossroads

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₁ngah (“crossroads”)


ngã

links: Sino-Vietnamese Sino-Vietnamese

links: 我 我#Vietnamese

pos: romanization

head

romanization

bản ngã

alt: 本我

duy ngã độc tôn

alt: 唯我獨尊

duy ngã

alt: 唯我

vị ngã

alt: 爲我

etymology_text: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


rơi

text: mưa rơi

translation: rain falls

english: rain falls

text: Sinh nhật tôi rơi vào thứ hai.

translation: My birthday falls on Monday.

english: My birthday falls on Monday.

text: Số phận rơi vào tay của tổng thống.

translation: Fate falls into the hand of the president.

glosses: to fall (to arrive through chance, fate)

text: rơi vào nợ nần

translation: to fall into debts

english: to fall into debts

glosses: to fall to become ensnared or entrapped; to be worse off than before

head

verb

tr: 淶, 𢯦, 利

expansion: rơi • (淶, 𢯦, 利)

vi-verb

淶, 𢯦, 利

forms:
淶 (CJK)
𢯦 (CJK)
利 (CJK)

ngã

english: to fall due to lack of balance

translation: to fall due to lack of balance

etymology_text: From Proto-Austroasiatic *rə:j (“scatter, sprinkle”).

aav-pro

scatter, sprinkle

ipa: [zəːj˧˧]

ipa: [ʐəːj˧˧]

ipa: [ɹəːj˧˧]

homophone: dơi (Northern Vietnam)

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-rơi.wav


gãi

links: scratch scratch

head

tr: 𫼿, 𢭮

expansion: gãi • (𫼿, 𢭮)

𫼿, 𢭮

forms:
𫼿 (CJK)
𢭮 (CJK)
khải (alternative)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *-kaːs, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kais ~ *kis ~ *kiəs (“to scrape, scratch”). Cognate with Khmer កេះ (keh).

inh

*-kaːs

expansion: Proto-Vietic *-kaːs

*kais

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *kais

cog

km

កេះ

expansion: Khmer កេះ (keh)

ipa: [ɣaːj˦ˀ˥]

ipa: [ɣaːj˧˨]

ipa: [ɣaːj˨˩˦]


chẻ

links: vagina vagina

links: pussy pussy

head

expansion: chẻ

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *k-cɛːʔ (“vagina”). Cognate with Thavung kəceː³.

inh

*k-cɛːʔ

vagina

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-cɛːʔ (“vagina”)

thm

expansion: Thavung


chẻ

links: split split

links: cleave cleave

head

tr: 𢯙, 𨨪

expansion: chẻ • (𢯙, 𨨪)

vi-verb

𢯙, 𨨪

forms:
𢯙 (CJK)
𨨪 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *cɛh. Compare Semai ceh (“to tear”), Pacoh chếh (“to cut open”) and Eastern Lawa cɛh. See also xẻ.

*cɛh

expansion: Proto-Vietic *cɛh

cog

sea

ceh

to tear

expansion: Semai ceh (“to tear”)

pac

chếh

to cut open

expansion: Pacoh chếh (“to cut open”)

lwl

expansion: Eastern Lawa

ipa: [t͡ɕɛ˧˩]

ipa: [t͡ɕɛ˧˨]

ipa: [cɛ˨˩˦]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chẻ.wav


đánh

text: đánh đòn

translation: to give (one's child) a beating

english: to give (one's child) a beating

text: đánh trống thổi kèn

translation: (of a parade) to beat drums and blow trumpets

links: strike strike

links: palm palm

links: weapon weapon

links: smack smack

links: whack whack

links: bash bash

links: hit hit

links: beat beat

links: assault assault

links: gõ gõ#Vietnamese

links: đấm đấm#Vietnamese

links: punch punch

links: đá đá#Vietnamese

links: kick kick

glosses: to strike, usually with one's palms or a weapon; to strike, to smack, to whack, to bash, to hit, to beat, to assault, etc.; compare gõ (“to hit with the side of the fist, with the knuckles, or with the fingertips”), đấm (“to punch”) and đá (“to kick”)

text: đánh cầu lông/bóng chuyền/bóng chày

translation: to play badminton/volleyball/baseball

english: to play badminton/volleyball/baseball

text: đánh/chơi cờ/bài

translation: to play a board game/cards

english: to play a board game/cards

text: đánh bạc

translation: to gamble

english: to gamble

links: sports sports

links:
board game
board game

links:
card game
card game

links: gambling gambling#Noun

links: play play

links: game game

links: striking striking

links: slamming slamming

links: hand hand

links: hold hold

raw_glosses: (sports, board games, card games, gambling) to play a game that involves striking or slamming with one's hands or something you hold; compare đá (“to kick; to play a sport that involves kicking”)

qualifier: board games

links: music music

links:
wind instrument
wind instrument

links: thổi thổi#Vietnamese

raw_glosses: (music) to play (a non-wind instrument); compare thổi (“to play/blow (a wind instrument)”)

text: đánh văn bản

translation: to type some text

english: to type some text

links: type type

links: typewriter typewriter

links: computer computer

links: keyboard keyboard

raw_glosses: (colloquial) to type on a typewriter or computer keyboard

text: đánh răng

translation: to brush one's teeth

english: to brush one's teeth

text: đánh bóng

translation: to rub until something becomes shiny; to polish up (reputation)

text: đánh giày

translation: to polish shoes

english: to polish shoes

links: rub rub

links: continuously continuously

links: surface surface

links: clean clean

links: shiny shiny

glosses: to rub continuously on the surface of something until it's clean or shiny

text: đánh (bắt) cá/thuỷ sản/hải sản

translation: to fish fish/seafood

english: to fish fish/seafood

links: fishing fishing#Noun

links: fish fish

links: net net

links: trap trap

links: câu câu#Vietnamese

links: rod rod

raw_glosses: (fishing) to fish with a net or a trap; compare câu (“to fish with a rod”)

links: metallurgy metallurgy

links: mold mold

links: metal metal

links: specific specific

raw_glosses: (metallurgy) to mold a metal object into a specific shape

links: cooking cooking#Noun

links: mix mix

links: combination combination

links: food food

raw_glosses: (cooking) to mix some combination of food up

text: Cây này mà đánh sang chỗ tôi thì đẹp phải biết.

translation: If only I could get a cut of this tree for myself, it would be simply fabulous!

links: horticulture horticulture

links: transplant transplant

links: cutting cutting

raw_glosses: (horticulture, somewhat dated) to transplant a piece of plant cutting

text: đánh giặc ngoại xâm

translation: to do away with foreign invaders.

english: to do away with foreign invaders.

links: fight fight

links: weapons weapons

text: Chẳng biết sao mình lại bị đánh xuống giải ba nữa.

translation: I have no clue why my rank has somehow moved third.

links: erroneously erroneously

links: derank derank

text: dùng mưu để đánh lạc hướng địch

translation: to take one's enemy for a ride by clever tricks.

links: conduct conduct

links: move move

links:
on purpose
on purpose

glosses: to conduct a move that's usually on purpose

text: Làm xong đánh 2 bát cơm rồi đánh 1 giấc.

translation: After I'm done, I'm gonna demolish 2 rice bowls and then hit the hay for a power nap.

links: enjoy enjoy

links: eating eating

links: resting resting

raw_glosses: (colloquial) to enjoy oneself some eating and/or resting

head

expansion: đánh • (打, 𢱏)

vi-verb

expansion: đánh • (打, 𢱏)

etymology_text: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 打 (SV: đả). Cognate with Muong Bi tẻnh, tảnh. Borrowed from a form with velar coda.

der

pos: SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">đả</i>


heliostato

links: heliostat heliostat

head

io

noun

expansion: heliostato

io-noun

heliostat

expansion: heliostato (plural heliostati)

forms: heliostati (plural)

ipa: /heli̯osˈtato/

rhymes: -ato


heliostati

links: heliostato heliostato#Ido

head

noun form

expansion: heliostati

ipa: /heli̯osˈtati/


helioskopo

links: astronomy astronomy

links: helioscope helioscope

expansion: helioskopo

io-noun

helioskop

expansion: helioskopo (plural helioskopi)

forms: helioskopi (plural)


helioskopi

links: helioskopo helioskopo#Ido

head

expansion: helioskopi


chết

links: seven seven

pos: num

tyz

numeral

expansion: chết

etymology_text: From Proto-Tai *cetᴰ (“seven”), from Chinese 七 (MC tshit, “seven”). Cognate with Thai เจ็ด (jèt), Lao ເຈັດ (chet), Lü ᦵᦈᧆ (ṫsed), Tai Dam ꪹꪊꪸꪒ, Shan ၸဵတ်း (tsáet), Tai Nüa ᥓᥥᥖᥱ (tsět), Ahom 𑜋𑜢𑜄𑜫 (chit), Bouyei xadt, Zhuang caet, Nong Zhuang jiat.

inh

tai-pro

*cetᴰ

seven

expansion: Proto-Tai *cetᴰ (“seven”)

der

zh

expansion: Chinese

ltc-l

七

seven

expansion: 七 (MC tshit, “seven”)

cog

th

เจ็ด

expansion: Thai เจ็ด (jèt)

lo

ເຈັດ

expansion: Lao ເຈັດ (chet)

khb

ᦵᦈᧆ

expansion: Lü ᦵᦈᧆ (ṫsed)

blt

ꪹꪊꪸꪒ

expansion: Tai Dam ꪹꪊꪸꪒ

shn

ၸဵတ်း

expansion: Shan ၸဵတ်း (tsáet)

tdd

ᥓᥥᥖᥱ

expansion: Tai Nüa ᥓᥥᥖᥱ (tsět)

aho

𑜋𑜢𑜄𑜫

expansion: Ahom 𑜋𑜢𑜄𑜫 (chit)

pcc

xadt

expansion: Bouyei xadt

za

caet

expansion: Zhuang caet

zhn

jiat

expansion: Nong Zhuang jiat

ipa: [cet̚˧˥]

ipa: [cet̚˦]


chết

links: die die

pos: verb

head

tou

verb

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *k-ceːt.

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*k-ceːt

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-ceːt


chết

text: cái chết

translation: death

english: death

text: sự chết

translation: death (in Christian literature)

english: death (in Christian literature)

text: Biết chết liền.

translation: Damned if I know (literally, “If I knew I'd die at once.”).

text:
c. 53 - 57 CE, 1 Corinthians 15:26; 1926 Vietnamese translation by Phan Khôi et al.; 2021 English translation from the New Revised Standard Version
Kẻ thù bị hủy-diệt sau-cùng, tức là sự chết.
The last enemy to be destroyed is death.

text:
If I must die
you must live
[...]
If I must die
let it bring hope
let it be a tale

ref: 2011 November 27, Refaat Alareer, “If I Must Die”, in In Gaza, My Gaza!, archived from the original on 27 Nov 2012; translated into Vietnamese as “Nếu tôi phải chết” by Nguyễn Bình, transl. in Uyên Thi, “Nghệ thuật không phải nơi trú ẩn [Art Is Not a Hideaway]”, in L'Officiel Vietnam, 22 February 2024, of original in English:

english: Art Is Not a Hideaway

translation: Art Is Not a Hideaway

links: decease decease

links: perish perish

raw_glosses: (intransitive) to die; to decease; to perish

links: break break

links: stop stop

links: working working

raw_glosses: (intransitive, figurative, of devices) to break; to stop working

head

vi

tr: 折, 𣩂, 𣩁, 找

expansion: chết • (折, 𣩂, 𣩁, 找)

vi-verb

折, 𣩂, 𣩁, 找

forms:
折 (CJK)
𣩂 (CJK)
𣩁 (CJK)
找 (CJK)
chít (alternative)
chớt (alternative)

tử

sense: In compounds

mất

sense: Formal terms

băng hà

english: only used for a king

translation: only used for a king

viên tịch

english: only used for a Buddhist monk or nun

translation: only used for a Buddhist monk or nun

đi

sense: Literary terms

mất mạng

sense: General terms

hẹo

sense: Informal terms

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *k-ceːt, from Proto-Austroasiatic *kceːt (“to die”). Doublet of giết (“to kill”) through an infixed form.
For its relation, or lack thereof, to the Old Yue word meaning "to die" and written as 札, see that entry.

aav-pro

*kceːt

to die

expansion: Proto-Austroasiatic *kceːt (“to die”)

doublet

giết

t1: to kill

expansion: Doublet of giết (“to kill”)

och-l

*札

expansion: 札

ipa: [t͡ɕet̚˧˦]

ipa: [t͡ɕet̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [cəːt̚˦˥]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chết.wav


chết

text: cá chết

translation: dead fish

english: dead fish

links: dead dead

links: deceased deceased

links: perished perished

links: broken broken

links: ruined ruined

links: unoccupied unoccupied

links: free free

links: idle idle

raw_glosses: (figurative, of time) unoccupied; free; idle

head

adjective


chết

text: Em sợ chết đi được.

translation: I was dead scared.

english: I was dead scared.

links: extremely extremely

links: terribly terribly

links: awfully awfully

pos: adv

adverb

tr: 折, 𣩂 𣩁, 找

expansion: chết • (折, 𣩂 𣩁, 找)

vi-adv

折, 𣩂 𣩁, 找

forms:
折 (CJK)
找 (CJK)
chít (alternative)
chớt (alternative)


chết

links: crap crap

links: shoot shoot

text: Chết tôi rồi!

translation: Screw me! / I am so screwed!

english: Screw me! / I am so screwed!

text: Đừng! Mày mà đi thì chết tao!

translation: Don't! If you go, I'll be dead meat!

english: Don't! If you go, I'll be dead meat!

text: A ha! Phải đấy, hắn cứ thế mà chửi, cứ chửi đứa chết mẹ nào đẻ ra thân hắn, đẻ ra cái thằng Chí Phèo!

ref: 1941, Nam Cao, Chí Phèo:

english: Uh-huh! That's right, he can just do this, he can just curse whatever motherfucker that gave birth to him, to the bastard known as Chí Phèo!

links: screwed screwed

links:
big time
big time

raw_glosses: (followed by a pronoun or kinship term) ... am/is screwed big time

head

interjection


heliotropa

links: heliotropic heliotropic

io

expansion: heliotropa


ngửi

links: sniff sniff

links: smell smell

tr: 𠿿, 艾, 嚊

expansion: ngửi • (𠿿, 艾, 嚊)

vi-verb

𠿿, 艾, 嚊

forms:
𠿿 (CJK)
艾 (CJK)
嚊 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *t-ŋəs (“to breathe”). Compare also hửi and Proto-Katuic *tŋɨh (“to breathe”) (whence Pacoh tangứh and Sô taŋɯ̤h).

inh

*t-ŋəs

to breathe

expansion: Proto-Vietic *t-ŋəs (“to breathe”)

cog

mkh-kat-pro

*tŋɨh

to breathe

expansion: Proto-Katuic *tŋɨh (“to breathe”)

pac

tangứh

expansion: Pacoh tangứh

sss

expansion: Sô

ipa: [ŋɨj˧˩]

ipa: [ŋɨj˧˨]

ipa: [ŋɨj˨˩˦]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ngửi.wav


thổ

links: Earth earth

head

noun

expansion: thổ

etymology_text: Sino-Vietnamese word from 土.

etymid

土

categorize

Sino-Vietnamese words

vi-etym-sino

土

expansion: Sino-Vietnamese word from 土

ipa: [tʰo˧˩]

ipa: [tʰow˧˨]

ipa: [tʰow˨˩˦]


thổ

links: Sino-Vietnamese Sino-Vietnamese

links: 土 土#Vietnamese

head

romanization


thổ

links: spit spit

links: vomit vomit

etymology_text: Sino-Vietnamese word from 吐.

etymid

吐

vi-etym-sino

吐

expansion: Sino-Vietnamese word from 吐


heliotropismo

links: botany botany

links: heliotropism heliotropism

pt-noun

m

expansion: heliotropismo m (plural heliotropismos)

forms: heliotropismos (plural)

etymology_text: From helio- + -tropismo.

ety

pt

:af

helio-

-tropismo

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "sun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*sh₂wél(i)yos", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*sóh₂wl̥", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*hāwélios", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἥλῐος", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "helio-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "-tropismo", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "pt" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "heliotropismo", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }" data-lang="pt" data-title="heliotropismo">
From helio- + -tropismo.

parts: he li o tro pis mo


heliotropismo

es

expansion: From helio- + -tropismo.

ipa: /eljotɾoˈpismo/

rhymes: -ismo


heliotropismi

head

fi

nouns

expansion: heliotropismi

fi-decl-risti

heliotropism

a

forms:
heliotropismi (nominative singular)
heliotropismit (nominative plural)
heliotropismi (accusative nominative singular)
heliotropismit (accusative nominative plural)
heliotropismin (accusative genitive singular)
heliotropismit (accusative genitive plural)
heliotropismin (genitive singular)
heliotropismien (genitive plural)
heliotropismia (partitive singular)
heliotropismeja (partitive plural)
heliotropismissa (inessive singular)
heliotropismeissa (inessive plural)
heliotropismista (elative singular)
heliotropismeista (elative plural)
heliotropismiin (illative singular)
heliotropismeihin (illative plural)
heliotropismilla (adessive singular)
heliotropismeilla (adessive plural)
heliotropismilta (ablative singular)
heliotropismeilta (ablative plural)
heliotropismille (allative singular)
heliotropismeille (allative plural)
heliotropismina (essive singular)
heliotropismeina (essive plural)
heliotropismiksi (singular translative)
heliotropismeiksi (plural translative)
heliotropismitta (abessive singular)
heliotropismeitta (abessive plural)
heliotropismein (instructive plural)
heliotropismini (first-person nominative singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismini (accusative first-person nominative singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismini (accusative first-person genitive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismini (first-person genitive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismieni (first-person genitive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiani (first-person partitive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismejani (first-person partitive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismissani (first-person inessive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeissani (first-person inessive singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismistani (elative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeistani (elative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiini (first-person illative singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeihini (first-person illative singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismillani (adessive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeillani (adessive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiltani (ablative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeiltani (ablative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismilleni (allative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeilleni (allative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropisminani (essive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeinani (essive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismikseni (first-person singular singular-possessive translative)
heliotropismeikseni (first-person singular singular-possessive translative)
heliotropismittani (abessive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeittani (abessive first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeineni (comitative first-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismisi (nominative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismisi (accusative nominative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismisi (accusative genitive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismisi (genitive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiesi (genitive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiasi (partitive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismejasi (partitive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismissasi (inessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeissasi (inessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismistasi (elative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeistasi (elative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiisi (illative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeihisi (illative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismillasi (adessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeillasi (adessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiltasi (ablative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeiltasi (ablative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismillesi (allative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeillesi (allative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropisminasi (essive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeinasi (essive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismiksesi (second-person singular singular-possessive translative)
heliotropismeiksesi (second-person singular singular-possessive translative)
heliotropismittasi (abessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeittasi (abessive second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismeinesi (comitative second-person singular singular-possessive)
heliotropismimme (first-person nominative plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismimme (accusative first-person nominative plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismimme (accusative first-person genitive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismimme (first-person genitive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismiemme (first-person genitive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismiamme (first-person partitive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismejamme (first-person partitive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismissamme (first-person inessive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeissamme (first-person inessive plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismistamme (elative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeistamme (elative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismiimme (first-person illative plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeihimme (first-person illative plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismillamme (adessive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeillamme (adessive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismiltamme (ablative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeiltamme (ablative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismillemme (allative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeillemme (allative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropisminamme (essive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeinamme (essive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismiksemme (first-person plural plural-possessive translative)
heliotropismeiksemme (first-person plural plural-possessive translative)
heliotropismittamme (abessive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeittamme (abessive first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropismeinemme (comitative first-person plural plural-possessive)
heliotropisminne (nominative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropisminne (accusative nominative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropisminne (accusative genitive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropisminne (genitive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismienne (genitive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismianne (partitive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismejanne (partitive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismissanne (inessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeissanne (inessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismistanne (elative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeistanne (elative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismiinne (illative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeihinne (illative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismillanne (adessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeillanne (adessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismiltanne (ablative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeiltanne (ablative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismillenne (allative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeillenne (allative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropisminanne (essive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeinanne (essive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismiksenne (plural plural-possessive second-person translative)
heliotropismeiksenne (plural plural-possessive second-person translative)
heliotropismittanne (abessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeittanne (abessive plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropismeinenne (comitative plural plural-possessive second-person)
heliotropisminsa (nominative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropisminsa (nominative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropisminsa (accusative nominative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropisminsa (accusative nominative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropisminsa (accusative genitive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropisminsa (accusative genitive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropisminsa (genitive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismiensa (genitive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismiaan (partitive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismiansa (partitive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismejaan (partitive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismejansa (partitive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismissaan (inessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismissansa (inessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeissaan (inessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeissansa (inessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismistaan (elative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismistansa (elative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeistaan (elative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeistansa (elative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismiinsa (illative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeihinsa (illative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismillaan (adessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismillansa (adessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeillaan (adessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeillansa (adessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismiltaan (ablative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismiltansa (ablative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeiltaan (ablative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeiltansa (ablative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismilleen (allative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismillensa (allative possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeilleen (allative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeillensa (allative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropisminaan (essive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropisminansa (essive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeinaan (essive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeinansa (essive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismikseen (possessive singular third-person translative)
heliotropismiksensa (possessive singular third-person translative)
heliotropismeikseen (plural possessive third-person translative)
heliotropismeiksensa (plural possessive third-person translative)
heliotropismittaan (abessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismittansa (abessive possessive singular third-person)
heliotropismeittaan (abessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeittansa (abessive plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeineen (comitative plural possessive third-person)
heliotropismeinensa (comitative plural possessive third-person)

etymology_text: Internationalism (see English heliotropism). Contains the suffix -ismi.

internationalism

expansion: Internationalism

cog

en

heliotropism

expansion: English heliotropism

af

-ismi

expansion: -ismi

ipa: /ˈhelioˌtropismi/

ipa: [ˈhe̞lio̞ˌt̪ro̞pis̠mi]

rhymes: -opismi


bụng

links: belly belly

text: tốt bụng

translation: goodhearted

english: goodhearted

links: personality personality

text: Tự đó vua Chiêu-thống trong bụng buồn-bã rầu-rĩ, không dám nói đến việc xin binh nữa.

ref: 1920, Trần Trọng Kim, Việt Nam sử lược, volume II, Trung Bắc Tân Văn, page 139:

english: From then on, Emperor Chiêu Thống felt morose and did not dare mention requesting more troops anymore.

links: feeling feeling

links: thought thought

raw_glosses: (figurative) inner feelings, inner thoughts

head

vi

tr: 䏾

expansion: bụng • (䏾)

vi-noun

䏾

expansion: (classifier cái) bụng • (䏾)

forms:
cái (classifier)
䏾 (CJK)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Vietic *buːŋʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *poŋ ~ *poːŋ (“belly”). Cognate with Kri Phoong pŭŋ³⁵, Nguôn pũng, pụng, Khmer ពុង (pung), Mon ဗုၚ် (pɜ̀ŋ). See also Thai พุง (pung), an Austroasiatic loan.
In Vietnamese culture, instead of "heart", traditionally "belly, abdomen" was considered to be where people harbor their feelings and emotions. See also lòng (“intestine”) and dạ (“belly, stomach”).

inh

mkh-vie-pro

*buːŋʔ

expansion: Proto-Vietic *buːŋʔ

*poŋ

*poŋ ~ *poːŋ

belly

cog

nuo

pũng

expansion: Nguôn pũng

km

ពុង

expansion: Khmer ពុង (pung)

mnw

ဗုၚ်

tr: pɜ̀ŋ

expansion: Mon ဗုၚ် (pɜ̀ŋ)

th

พุง

expansion: Thai พุง (pung)

ipa: [ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bụng.wav


lưng

text:
瓢篤江山醝𢴇𨢇
襊𠦻風月𥘀爲詩

ref: 18th–19th century, Hồ Xuân Hương (胡春香), “Cảnh thu (景秋) [Autumn Landscape]”, in John Balaban, transl., Spring Essence: The Poetry of Hồ Xuân Hương, Copper Canyon Press (book), also hosted by Nôm Foundation (online), published 2000:

english:
I lift my wine flask, drunk with rivers and hills.
My backpack, breathing moonlight, sags with poems.

roman:
Bầu dốc giang sơn say chấp rượu,
Túi lưng phong nguyệt nặng vì thơ.

links: back back

head

tr: 𦝄, 𨉞, 𠦻, 𦡟

expansion: lưng • (𦝄, 𨉞, 𠦻, 𦡟)

vi-noun

cls: cái, tấm

𦝄, 𨉞, 𠦻, 𦡟

expansion: (classifier cái, tấm) lưng • (𦝄, 𨉞, 𠦻, 𦡟)

forms:
cái (classifier)
tấm (classifier)
𦝄 (CJK)
𨉞 (CJK)
𠦻 (CJK)
𦡟 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *k-ləŋ (“back”). Compare Proto-Tai *ʰlaŋᴬ (“back”), whence Thai หลัง (lǎng).

inh

*k-ləŋ

back

expansion: Proto-Vietic *k-ləŋ (“back”)

tai-pro

*ʰlaŋᴬ

back

expansion: Proto-Tai *ʰlaŋᴬ (“back”)

หลัง

expansion: Thai หลัง (lǎng)

ipa: [lɨŋ˧˧]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-lưng.wav


mút

links: suck suck

links: piece piece

links: candy candy

links: hút hút#Vietnamese

links: drink drink

links: straw straw

glosses: to suck (on a piece of candy, etc.); compare hút (“to suck up a drink, usually with a straw”)

head

verb

tr: 嚜, 𡃙

expansion: mút • (嚜, 𡃙)

vi-verb

嚜, 𡃙

forms:
嚜 (CJK)
𡃙 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *c-ɓuːc, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓuc ~ *ɓuuc. Cognate with Muong búch and Proto-Palaungic *ɓuːc (“to suck”).

*c-ɓuːc

expansion: Proto-Vietic *c-ɓuːc

mkh-pro

*ɓuc

expansion: Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓuc

cog

mtq

búch

expansion: Muong búch

mkh-pal-pro

*ɓuːc

to suck

expansion: Proto-Palaungic *ɓuːc (“to suck”)

ipa: [mut̚˧˦]

ipa: [mʊk̚˦˧˥]

ipa: [mʊk͡p̚˦˥]

audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mút.wav

homophone: múc


mút

text: hai đầu mút của cây tăm

translation: the two tips of a toothpick

english: the two tips of a toothpick

links: tip tip

links: extreme extreme

links: end end

head

noun

tr: 𫽑

expansion: mút • (𫽑)

vi-noun

𫽑

forms: 𫽑 (CJK)


mút

text: miếng mút lau bảng

translation: a sponge for cleaning board

english: a sponge for cleaning board

links: sponge sponge

links: foam foam

links: hair hair

links: mousse mousse

head

expansion: mút

etymology_text: From French mousse.

bor

fr

mousse

expansion: French mousse


thổi

links: blow blow

links: play play

links: cook cook

links: rice rice

head

tr: 𠺙, 煺, 𤌍

expansion: thổi • (𠺙, 煺, 𤌍)

vi-verb

𠺙, 煺, 𤌍

forms:
𠺙 (CJK)
煺 (CJK)
𤌍 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *t-huːs; probably of imitative origin. Cognate with Muong Bi hủl.

inh

*t-huːs

expansion: Proto-Vietic *t-huːs

cog

expansion: Muong

ipa: [tʰoj˧˩]

ipa: [tʰoj˧˨]

ipa: [tʰoj˨˩˦]


khạc

text: khạc đờm

translation: to cough up sputum; to hock

english: to cough up sputum; to hock

links:
cough up
cough up

links: hock hock

text: khạc nhổ; khạc nước bọt

translation: to spit saliva

english: to spit saliva

text: khạc lửa

translation: to shoot

english: to shoot

literal_meaning: to spit fire

text: […] kỳ nầy lên Đất Đỏ nó [khẩu đại liên] sẽ khạc lửa rần rần cho coi !

ref: 1986, Anh Đức, Đứa con của đất, 2nd edition, Ho Chi Minh City: Nhà xuất bản Văn Nghệ, published 1987, page 310:

links: spit spit

head

tr: 𠸧

expansion: khạc • (𠸧)

vi-verb

𠸧

forms: 𠸧 (CJK)

etymology_text: From Proto-Vietic *kr-haːk, from Proto-Austroasiatic *khaːkʔ (“to hawk up phlegm”), ultimately onomatopoeic. Cognate with Khmer ខាក (khaak) and Khasi kyrkhah (“phlegm”). Also compare Chinese 咳 (ké).

inh

*kr-haːk

expansion: Proto-Vietic *kr-haːk

aav-pro

*khaːkʔ

to hawk up phlegm

onomatopoeic

expansion: onomatopoeic

ខាក

expansion: Khmer ខាក (khaak)

kha

kyrkhah

phlegm

expansion: Khasi kyrkhah (“phlegm”)

zh

expansion: Chinese

zh-l

咳

expansion: 咳 (ké)

ipa: [xaːk̚˧˨ʔ]

ipa: [kʰaːk̚˨˩ʔ]

ipa: [kʰaːk̚˨˩˨]