bitchen

links: bitch bitch#Verb

de-verb

expansion: bitchen (weak or irregular weak, third-person singular present bitcht, past tense bitchte, past participle gebitcht or (proscribed) gebitched, auxiliary haben)

forms:
bitcht (present singular third-person)
bitchte (past)
gebitcht (participle past)
gebitched (participle past proscribed)
haben (auxiliary)
haben (auxiliary)
bitchen (infinitive)
bitchend (participle present)
gebitcht (participle past)
gebitched (participle past proscribed)
bitche (first-person indicative present singular)
bitchen (first-person indicative plural present)
bitche (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
bitchen (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
bitchst (indicative present second-person singular)
bitcht (indicative plural present second-person)
bitchest (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
bitchet (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
bitcht (indicative present singular third-person)
bitchen (indicative plural present third-person)
bitche (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
bitchen (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
bitchte (first-person indicative preterite singular)
bitchten (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bitchte (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
bitchten (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
bitchtest (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bitchtet (indicative plural preterite second-person)
bitchtest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
bitchtet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
bitchte (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bitchten (indicative plural preterite third-person)
bitchte (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
bitchten (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
bitch (imperative second-person singular)
bitche (imperative second-person singular)
bitcht (imperative plural second-person)
haben (auxiliary)
habe gebitcht (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect singular)
habe gebitched (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect proscribed singular)
haben gebitcht (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural)
haben gebitched (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed)
habe gebitcht (first-person multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive)
habe gebitched (first-person multiword-construction perfect proscribed singular subjunctive)
haben gebitcht (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive)
haben gebitched (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed subjunctive)
hast gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction perfect second-person singular)
hast gebitched (indicative multiword-construction perfect proscribed second-person singular)
habt gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural second-person)
habt gebitched (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed second-person)
habest gebitcht (multiword-construction perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
habest gebitched (multiword-construction perfect proscribed second-person singular subjunctive)
habet gebitcht (multiword-construction perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
habet gebitched (multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed second-person subjunctive)
hat gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction perfect singular third-person)
hat gebitched (indicative multiword-construction perfect proscribed singular third-person)
haben gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural third-person)
haben gebitched (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed third-person)
habe gebitcht (multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
habe gebitched (multiword-construction perfect proscribed singular subjunctive third-person)
haben gebitcht (multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
haben gebitched (multiword-construction perfect plural proscribed subjunctive third-person)
hatte gebitcht (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular)
hatte gebitched (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed singular)
hatten gebitcht (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural)
hatten gebitched (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed)
hätte gebitcht (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive)
hätte gebitched (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed singular subjunctive)
hätten gebitcht (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive)
hätten gebitched (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed subjunctive)
hattest gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular)
hattest gebitched (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed second-person singular)
hattet gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person)
hattet gebitched (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed second-person)
hättest gebitcht (multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hättest gebitched (multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed second-person singular subjunctive)
hättet gebitcht (multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hättet gebitched (multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed second-person subjunctive)
hatte gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular third-person)
hatte gebitched (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed singular third-person)
hatten gebitcht (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural third-person)
hatten gebitched (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed third-person)
hätte gebitcht (multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hätte gebitched (multiword-construction pluperfect proscribed singular subjunctive third-person)
hätten gebitcht (multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hätten gebitched (multiword-construction pluperfect plural proscribed subjunctive third-person)
bitchen werden (future future-i infinitive multiword-construction)
werde bitchen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden bitchen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde bitchen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden bitchen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde bitchen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden bitchen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst bitchen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet bitchen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird bitchen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden bitchen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden bitchen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
gebitcht haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction)
gebitched haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction proscribed)
werde gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular)
werde gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction proscribed singular)
werden gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural)
werden gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural proscribed)
würde gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würde gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden gebitcht haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden gebitched haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst gebitcht haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
wirst gebitched haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction proscribed second-person singular)
werdet gebitcht haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
werdet gebitched haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural proscribed second-person)
würdest gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdest gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird gebitcht haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
wird gebitched haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction proscribed singular third-person)
werden gebitcht haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
werden gebitched haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural proscribed third-person)
würde gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würde gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction proscribed singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden gebitcht haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden gebitched haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural proscribed subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)

etymology_text: Borrowed from English bitch.

ety

:bor

expansion: [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "break", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰeg-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*bikjaną", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*bikjǭ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*bikkjā", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "biċċe", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "bicche", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "bitch", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "German", "term" : "bitchen", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "de" }" data-lang="de" data-title="bitchen">

bor+

en

bitch

expansion: Borrowed from English bitch


bezocht

links: bezoeken bezoeken#Dutch

pos: verb

head

nl

verb form

expansion: bezocht

ipa: /bəˈzɔxt/


bezocht

forms:
bezocht (adverbial predicative)
bezochte (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
bezocht (indefinite neuter singular)
bezochte (indefinite plural)
bezochte (definite)
bezochts (partitive)


onderzocht

links: onderzoeken onderzoeken#Dutch

expansion: onderzocht

rhymes: -ɔxt


onderzocht

forms:
onderzocht (adverbial predicative)
onderzochte (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
onderzocht (indefinite neuter singular)
onderzochte (indefinite plural)
onderzochte (definite)
onderzochts (partitive)


herkend

links: herkennen herkennen#Dutch

nl-past-ptc

expansion: herkend

forms:
herkend (adverbial predicative)
herkende (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
herkend (indefinite neuter singular)
herkende (indefinite plural)
herkende (definite)
herkends (partitive)

rhymes: -ɛnt


gehandeld

links: handelen handelen#Dutch

expansion: gehandeld

forms:
gehandeld (adverbial predicative)
gehandelde (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
gehandeld (indefinite neuter singular)
gehandelde (indefinite plural)
gehandelde (definite)
gehandelds (partitive)


geland

links: andisol andisol

glosses: A kind of andisol associated with very cold climates.

pos: noun

en-noun

expansion: geland (plural gelands)

forms: gelands (plural)


geland

links: landen landen#Dutch

nl-past-ptc

expansion: geland

forms:
geland (adverbial predicative)
gelande (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
geland (indefinite neuter singular)
gelande (indefinite plural)
gelande (definite)
gelands (partitive)

rhymes: -ɑnt


afgewassen

links: afwassen afwassen#Dutch

expansion: afgewassen

forms:
afgewassen (adverbial predicative)
afgewassen (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
afgewassen (indefinite neuter singular)
afgewassen (indefinite plural)
afgewassen (definite)
afgewassens (partitive)


afgewerkt

links: afwerken afwerken#Dutch

expansion: afgewerkt

forms:
afgewerkt (adverbial predicative)
afgewerkte (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
afgewerkt (indefinite neuter singular)
afgewerkte (indefinite plural)
afgewerkte (definite)
afgewerkts (partitive)


beledigd

links: beledigen beledigen#Dutch

expansion: beledigd

forms:
beledigd (adverbial predicative)
beledigde (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
beledigd (indefinite neuter singular)
beledigde (indefinite plural)
beledigde (definite)
beledigds (partitive)


bitchin

links: bitching bitching#English

glosses: Alternative spelling of bitching (“excellent”).

bitching

extra: excellent

pos: adj

head

en

adjective

superlative

bitchinest

expansion: bitchin (superlative bitchinest)

forms: bitchinest (superlative)

etymology_text: From bitching.


bitchin

expansion: bitchin


beloofd

links: beloven beloven#Dutch

nl-past-ptc

expansion: beloofd

forms:
beloofd (adverbial predicative)
beloofde (feminine indefinite masculine singular)
beloofd (indefinite neuter singular)
beloofde (indefinite plural)
beloofde (definite)
beloofds (partitive)

rhymes: -oːft


tout ce qui brille n'est pas or

links:
all that glitters is not gold
all that glitters is not gold

pos: proverb

fr-proverb

head: tout ce qui brille n'est pas or

expansion: tout ce qui brille n'est pas or

etymology_text: Literally, “all that shines is not gold”.

yesno

l

L

expansion: L

m-g

all that shines is not gold

expansion: “all that shines is not gold”

lit

ipa: /tu s(ə) ki bʁij n‿ɛ pa.z‿ɔʁ/

ipa: /tu s(ə) ki bʁij n‿ɛ pɑ.z‿ɔʁ/


vera skotinn í

text: Ertu skotinn í henni?

translation: Have you got a crush on her? (the subject is male and the object is female)

type: example

text: Er hún skotin í henni?

translation: Has she got a crush on her? (the subject is female and the object is female)

text: Ég er skotin í honum.

translation: #:: I have a crush on him. (the subject is female and the object is male)

text: Hann er skotinn í honum.

translation: He has a crush on him. (the subject is male and the object is male)

links: have have

links: crush crush

links: fancy fancy

head

is

verb

expansion: vera skotinn í

forms:
vera skotinn í (canonical masculine)
vera skotin í (canonical feminine)
vera skotið í (canonical neuter)

etymology_text: Literally, “to be shot in”.

m-g

to be shot in

expansion: “to be shot in”

expansion: Literally, “to be shot in”


bitchinest

links: bitchin bitchin#English

glosses: superlative form of bitchin: most bitchin

bitchin

extra: most bitchin

head

superlative adjective

expansion: bitchinest


l'habit ne fait pas le moine

links:
you can't judge a book by its cover
you can't judge a book by its cover

links: possible possible#English

links: advisable advisable#English

links: judge judge#English

links: external external#English

links: appearances appearances#English

glosses: you can't judge a book by its cover (it is not possible nor advisable to judge things by external appearances alone)

fr-proverb

expansion: l'habit ne fait pas le moine

etymology_text: Literally, “the clothing doesn't make the monk”.

m-g

the clothing doesn't make the monk

expansion: “the clothing doesn't make the monk”

lit

ipa: /l‿a.bi n(ə) fɛ pa lə mwan/

ipa: /l‿a.bi n(ə) fɛ pɑ lə mwan/

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-l’habit ne fait pas le moine.wav


dużo

links:
a lot
a lot

links: lots lots

pos: num

head

csb

numeral

comparable

wicy

superlative

nôwicy

expansion: dużo (comparable wicy, superlative nôwicy)

forms:
wicy (comparable)
nôwicy (superlative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Kashubian dużi
Proto-Slavic *-o
Kashubian -o
Kashubian dużo
From dużi + -o. Compare Polish dużo.

ety

:af

dużi

-o

expansion:
Etymology tree
Kashubian dużi
Proto-Slavic *-o
Kashubian -o
Kashubian dużo
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Kashubian", "term" : "-o", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "csb" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Kashubian", "term" : "dużo", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "csb" }" data-lang="csb" data-title="dużo">
From dużi + -o.

cog

pl

dużo

expansion: Polish dużo

rhymes: -uʒɔ


dużo

links: much much

text: Oj, tak jest dużo lepiej.

translation: Oh, that's a lot better.

english: Oh, that's a lot better.

glosses: used to emphasize a comparative; much, a lot

links: very very

links: strongly strongly

pos: adv

pl-adv

więcej

mpcomp: dużej

expansion: dużo (comparative więcej, superlative najwięcej, Middle Polish comparative dużej)

forms:
więcej (comparative)
najwięcej (superlative)
dużej (Middle Polish comparative)
duza (alternative)
duzo (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *daugjas
Proto-Slavic *dužь
Polish duży
Proto-Slavic *-o
Old Polish -o
Polish -o
Polish dużo
From duży + -o. First attested in 1588. Compare Kashubian dużo, and Silesian dużo.

ety

duży

etydate: 1588<ref:Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “duże, dużo”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]>

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *daugjas
Proto-Slavic *dužь
Polish duży
Proto-Slavic *-o
Old Polish -o
Polish -o
Polish dużo
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰewgʰ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*daugjas", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*dužь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "duży", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "adverbial", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adverbial", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "neuter", "children" : [ ], "status" : "redlink", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-o", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-o", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-o", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "dużo", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="dużo">
From duży + -o. First attested in 1588.

expansion: Kashubian dużo

szl

expansion: Silesian dużo

note: Przemyśl

rhymes: -uʐɔ


dużo

+obj

gen

expansion: [with genitive]

links: many many

head

więcej

expansion: dużo (comparable więcej)

forms:
więcej (comparable)
duza (alternative)
duzo (alternative)


dużo

wiyncyj

nojwiyncyj

expansion: dużo (comparable wiyncyj, superlative nojwiyncyj)

forms:
wiyncyj (comparable)
nojwiyncyj (superlative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *daugjas
Proto-Slavic *dužь
Silesian duży
Silesian -o
Silesian dużo
From duży + -o. Compare Polish dużo.

ety

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *daugjas
Proto-Slavic *dužь
Silesian duży
Silesian -o
Silesian dużo
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰewgʰ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*daugjas", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*dužь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "duży", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "szl" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "-o", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "szl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "dużo", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "szl" }" data-lang="szl" data-title="dużo">
From duży + -o.


robak

links: zoology zoology

links: worm worm

links: anatomy anatomy

links: insect insect

links: invertebrate invertebrate

links: oval oval

raw_glosses: (colloquial) insect, invertebrate, especially oval-shaped and soft-bodied

links: computing computing#Noun

links: trouble trouble

links: problem problem

pl-noun

m-anml

dim: robaczek

aug: robal

expansion: robak m animal (diminutive robaczek, augmentative robal)

forms:
robaczek (diminutive)
robal (augmentative)
robak (nominative singular)
robaki (nominative plural)
robaka (genitive singular)
robaków (genitive plural)
robakowi (dative singular)
robakom (dative plural)
robaka (accusative singular)
robaki (accusative plural)
robakiem (instrumental singular)
robakami (instrumental plural)
robaku (locative singular)
robakach (locative plural)
robaku (singular vocative)
robaki (plural vocative)
chrobak (alternative)
chrobák (alternative)
rôbok (alternative Łowicz)
chrobok (alternative)

pl-decl-noun-masc-ani

roba

k

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xrobakъ.

:inh

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "robak", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="robak">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xrobakъ.

note: Far Masovian

rhymes: -ɔbak

homophone: Robak


trawa

text: Trawa gramen

ref: 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2630:

type: quotation

text: Iako Marczin ne bral Potrowa zita ani trawi zeckl, ani tego vzitka ma

ref: 1981 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, t. V., B. Roty konińskie, s. 275-533, number 67, Konin:

text: Eze Barthlomey Janowi bidlo moczø silø zayøl w trawe, a ne w zicze

ref: 1888 [1402], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 102:

links: grass grass

qualifier: attested in Greater Poland

text: Kyedy bog trawą polną (faenum agri Mat 6, 30), ktora dzysch yest, a yvtro bądzye wnywecz vrzuczona, tako odzyenya, tako vasz vyeczey maley vyary?

ref: Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 281:

links: flower flower

links: grow grow

links: field field

text: Grodzycz trawą kasze Woyczyech

ref: 1927 [1471], Jan Fijałek, editor, Cyzjojan kłobucki, Kłobuck, page 444:

links: grassy grassy

links: area area

links: meadow meadow

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland) grassy area; meadow

qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland

text: Jaco Micolay... zayąl konye y s wosem na lącze przy sszenye, ale nye w lesse, a trawa na wosze lezala

ref: 1967 [1420], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 822, Kościan:

links: mow mow

links: dried dry

links: plant plant

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland) mown, not yet dried plants

zlw-opl-noun

f

expansion: trawa f

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trava.

ety

zlw-opl

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "trawa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="trawa">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trava.

note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE

ipa: /traːva/

note: 15ᵗʰ CE

ipa: /trɒva/


trawa

links: weed weed

links: cannabis cannabis

pl-decl-noun-f

tra

w

forms:
trawa (nominative singular)
trawy (nominative plural)
trawy (genitive singular)
traw (genitive plural)
trawie (dative singular)
trawom (dative plural)
trawę (accusative singular)
trawy (accusative plural)
trawą (instrumental singular)
trawami (instrumental plural)
trawie (locative singular)
trawach (locative plural)
trawo (singular vocative)
trawy (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *trava
Old Polish trawa
Polish trawa
Inherited from Old Polish trawa.

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *trava
Old Polish trawa
Polish trawa
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "trawa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "trawa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="trawa">
Inherited from Old Polish trawa.

rhymes: -ava


trawa

etymology_text: From Proto-Slavic *trava.

inh

hsb

sla-pro

*trava

expansion: Proto-Slavic *trava


trawa

links: taro taro#Welsh

raw_glosses: (literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of taro

raw_glosses: (colloquial) first-person singular future of taro

cy-verb form

expansion: trawa

forms:
tery (alternative)
trawaf (alternative colloquial first-person future singular)


skóra

links: skin skin

links: leather leather

csb-noun

dim: skórka

expansion: skóra f (diminutive skórka)

forms: skórka (diminutive)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skora.

ety

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Kashubian", "term" : "skóra", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "csb" }" data-lang="csb" data-title="skóra">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skora.

rhymes: -ora


skóra

links: kora kora#Polish

links: bark bark

kora

extra: tree bark

forms:
skórka (diminutive)
skóra (nominative singular)
skóry (nominative plural)
skóry (genitive singular)
skór (genitive plural)
skórze (dative singular)
skórom (dative plural)
skórę (accusative singular)
skóry (accusative plural)
skórą (instrumental singular)
skórami (instrumental plural)
skórze (locative singular)
skórach (locative plural)
skóro (singular vocative)
skóry (plural vocative)

pl-decl-noun-f

skó

r

шку́ра

roman: škúra

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skora. Compare Umbrian 𐌊𐌀𐌓𐌖 (karu), Latin corium, Sanskrit चर्मन् (cárman). Doublet of kora, szer, and szkier.

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "skóra", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="skóra">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skora.

cog

xum

𐌊𐌀𐌓𐌖

expansion: Umbrian 𐌊𐌀𐌓𐌖 (karu)

la

corium

expansion: Latin corium

sa

चर्मन्

tr: cárman

expansion: Sanskrit चर्मन् (cárman)

dbt

kora

szer

szkier

expansion: Doublet of kora, szer, and szkier

note: Chełmno-Dobrzyń

rhymes: -ura

homophone: Skóra


mięso

links: meat meat

glosses: meat (flesh (muscle tissue) of an animal used as food)

pl-noun

n

dim: mięsko

aug: mięcho

expansion: mięso n (diminutive mięsko, augmentative mięcho)

forms:
mięsko (diminutive)
mięcho (augmentative)
mięso (nominative singular)
mięsa (nominative plural)
mięsa (genitive singular)
mięs (genitive plural)
mięsu (dative singular)
mięsom (dative plural)
mięso (accusative singular)
mięsa (accusative plural)
mięsem (instrumental singular)
mięsami (instrumental plural)
mięsie (locative singular)
mięsach (locative plural)
mięso (singular vocative)
mięsa (plural vocative)
miso (alternative)
niso (alternative)
mieso (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mems-
Proto-Indo-European *mḗms
Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗns
Proto-Balto-Slavic *mēnsā́ˀder.?
Proto-Slavic *męso
Polish mięso
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *męso.

etymon

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mems-
Proto-Indo-European *mḗms
Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗns
Proto-Balto-Slavic *mēnsā́ˀder.?
Proto-Slavic *męso
Polish mięso
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "meat", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "meat", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*mems-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*mḗms", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*mḗns", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*mēnsā́ˀ", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro", "pos" : "plural" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*męso", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "mięso", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="mięso">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *męso.

rhymes: -ɛw̃sɔ


tłuszcz

links: fat fat

glosses: fat (refined substance chemically resembling the oils in animal fat)

pl-noun

m-in

dim: tłuszczyk

expansion: tłuszcz m inan (diminutive tłuszczyk)

forms:
tłuszczyk (diminutive)
tłuszcz (nominative singular)
tłuszcze (nominative plural)
tłuszczu (genitive singular)
tłuszczów (genitive plural)
tłuszczowi (dative singular)
tłuszczom (dative plural)
tłuszcz (accusative singular)
tłuszcze (accusative plural)
tłuszczem (instrumental singular)
tłuszczami (instrumental plural)
tłuszczu (locative singular)
tłuszczach (locative plural)
tłuszczu (singular vocative)
tłuszcze (plural vocative)

pl-decl-noun-m-in

genp: tłuszczów

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъlščь.

ety

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "tłuszcz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="tłuszcz">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъlščь.

ipa: /ˈtwuʂt͡ʂ/

rhymes: -uʂt͡ʂ

homophone: Tłuszcz


róg

links: horn horn

csb-noun

expansion: róg m inan

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rogъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas. Cognates include Polish róg and Czech roh.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

*rogъ

expansion: Proto-Slavic *rogъ

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rogъ

inh

ine-bsl-pro

*rágas

expansion: Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas

cog

róg

expansion: Polish róg

cs

roh

expansion: Czech roh

ipa: /ˈrok/

rhymes: -ok


róg

text: fé veldr frænda rógi

ref: Anonymous, Norwegian Rune Poem

english: wealth causes strife among kinsmen

translation: wealth causes strife among kinsmen

text: vǫkðu ǫfundmenn iðula róg

ref: Bjarni Hallbjarnarson gullbrárskáld, Kalfsflokkr

english: envious men constantly stirred up strife

links: strife strife

links: slander slander

head

non

noun

g: n

or

{{{datacc}}}

{{{dative}}}

or

expansion: róg n

non-decl-n-a

róg

non-decl-blank-full

title: róg

stem: strong a-stem

g: neuter

nsi: róg

asi: róg

dsi: rógi

gsi: rógs

nsd: rógit

asd: rógit

dsd: róginu

gsd: rógsins

npi: róg

api: róg

dpi: rógum

gpi: róga

npd: rógin

apd: rógin

dpd: rógunum

gpd: róganna

non-decl-cell

nsi

rógit

nsd

npi

rógin

npd

asi

asd

api

apd

rógi

dsi

róginu

dsd

rógum

dpi

rógunum

dpd

rógs

gsi

rógsins

gsd

róga

gpi

róganna

gpd

forms:
róg (indefinite nominative singular)
rógit (definite nominative singular)
róg (indefinite nominative plural)
rógin (definite nominative plural)
róg (accusative indefinite singular)
rógit (accusative definite singular)
róg (accusative indefinite plural)
rógin (accusative definite plural)
rógi (dative indefinite singular)
róginu (dative definite singular)
rógum (dative indefinite plural)
rógunum (dative definite plural)
rógs (genitive indefinite singular)
rógsins (definite genitive singular)
róga (genitive indefinite plural)
róganna (definite genitive plural)

etymology_text: From Proto-Germanic *wrōhiz, *wrōgiþō (“accusation”), from Proto-Indo-European *were-, *wrē- (“to tell, speak”). Related to Old Norse rǿgja (“to accuse; to bewray; to disclose”), to Proto-Germanic *wrōgijaną (“to accuse”). See also Old Saxon wrōht (“strife”), Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐍃 (wrōhs), Old English wrēġan (“to accuse, impeach; incite”).

inh

gem-pro

*wrōhiz

expansion: Proto-Germanic *wrōhiz

der

ine-pro

*were-

expansion: Proto-Indo-European *were-

rǿgja

to accuse; to bewray; to disclose

gem-pro

*wrōgijaną

to accuse

expansion: Proto-Germanic *wrōgijaną (“to accuse”)

osx

wrōht

strife

expansion: Old Saxon wrōht (“strife”)

got

𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐍃

expansion: Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐍃 (wrōhs)

ang

wrēġan

to accuse, impeach; incite


róg

glosses: horn (hard growth of keratin that protrudes from the top of the head of certain animals, usually paired)

links: corner corner

glosses: corner (space in the angle between converging lines or walls which meet in a point)

links:
French horn
French horn

glosses: horn, French horn (coiled brass musical instrument, derived from the French hunting horn, which has rotary valves)

pl-noun

m-in

dim: rożek

expansion: róg m inan (diminutive rożek)

forms:
rożek (diminutive)
róg (nominative singular)
rogi (nominative plural)
rogu (genitive singular)
rogów (genitive plural)
rogowi (dative singular)
rogom (dative plural)
róg (accusative singular)
rogi (accusative plural)
rogiem (instrumental singular)
rogami (instrumental plural)
rogu (locative singular)
rogach (locative plural)
rogu (singular vocative)
rogi (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rogъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas.

yesno

i

glossary

Inherited

inh

pl

sla-pro

ine-bsl-pro

ipa: /ˈruk/

rhymes: -uk

homophone: Róg

homophone: rug

homophone: Rug


rój

links: ró ró#Hungarian

glosses: second-person singular subjunctive present indefinite of ró

head

hu

verb form

expansion: rój

etymology_text: ró + -j

affix

ró

-j

nocat: y

expansion: ró + -j

ipa: [ˈroːj]

rhymes: -oːj

forms: rójál (alternative)


rój

links: swarm swarm

pl-noun

expansion: rój m inan

pl-decl-noun-masc-inani

ro

j

u

rój

genp: rojów

forms:
rój (nominative singular)
roje (nominative plural)
roju (genitive singular)
rojów (genitive plural)
rojowi (dative singular)
rojom (dative plural)
rój (accusative singular)
roje (accusative plural)
rojem (instrumental singular)
rojami (instrumental plural)
roju (locative singular)
rojach (locative plural)
roju (singular vocative)
roje (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rojь.

ety

:inh

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "rój", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="rój">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rojь.

ipa: /ˈruj/

rhymes: -uj


rój

links: roić roić#Polish

glosses: second-person singular imperative of roić

etymology_text: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


meertaligheid

links: multilingualism multilingualism

glosses: multilingualism (condition of being able to speak several languages)

nl-noun

f

-heden

expansion: meertaligheid f (plural meertaligheden, no diminutive)

forms: meertaligheden (plural)

etymology_text: From meertalig + -heid.

suffix

nl

meertalig

heid

expansion: meertalig + -heid

parts: meer ta lig heid


skrzydło

links: wing wing

links: sail sail

links: construction construction

links: zastrzał zastrzał#Polish

links: stirrup stirrup

links: strut strut

raw_glosses: (Southern Greater Poland, construction) synonym of zastrzał (“stirrup, strut”)

qualifier: Southern Greater Poland

zastrzał

extra: stirrup, strut

links: agriculture agriculture

raw_glosses: (Łowicz, Strugienice, agriculture) wing (extension and widening of both sides of a ploughbeam that enlarges furrows)

pl-noun

n

dim: skrzydełko

expansion: skrzydło n (diminutive skrzydełko)

forms:
skrzydełko (diminutive)
skrzydło (nominative singular)
skrzydła (nominative plural)
skrzydła (genitive singular)
skrzydeł (genitive plural)
skrzydłu (dative singular)
skrzydłom (dative plural)
skrzydło (accusative singular)
skrzydła (accusative plural)
skrzydłem (instrumental singular)
skrzydłami (instrumental plural)
skrzydle (locative singular)
skrzydłach (locative plural)
skrzydło (singular vocative)
skrzydła (plural vocative)
krzydło (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *kriti
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-trom
Proto-Slavic *-dlo
Proto-Slavic *krīdlò
Old Polish krzydło
Polish skrzydło
Inherited from Old Polish krzydło.

ety

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *kriti
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-trom
Proto-Slavic *-dlo
Proto-Slavic *krīdlò
Old Polish krzydło
Polish skrzydło
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-dlo", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro", "pos" : "suffix for tools and implements" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*krīdlò", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "krzydło", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "skrzydło", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="skrzydło">
Inherited from Old Polish krzydło.

note: Southern Greater Poland

rhymes: -ɘdwɔ


morgenbrød

links:
morning wood
morning wood

nb-noun-nu

expansion: morgenbrød n (definite singular morgenbrødet, uncountable)

forms:
morgenbrødet (definite singular)
morrabrød (alternative dialectal)

etymology_text: morgen + brød. Literally, “morning bread”. Compare Norwegian Nynorsk morgonbrød.

compound

nb

morgen

brød

expansion: morgen + brød

yesno

l

expansion: L

m-g

morning bread

expansion: “morning bread”

lit

expansion: Literally, “morning bread”

cog

nn

morgonbrød

expansion: Norwegian Nynorsk morgonbrød

ipa: /ˈmoːrɡənbrøː/


coleorhiza

links: botany botany

links: sheath sheath

links: monocotyledon monocotyledon

links: plant plant

links: seed seed

links: radicle radicle

raw_glosses: (botany) A sheath-like structure found in a monocotyledon plant seed that acts as a protective covering enclosing the radicle.

en-noun

coleorhizae

expansion: coleorhiza (plural coleorhizae)

forms:
coleorhizae (plural)
coleorrhiza (alternative)

gyökérhüvely

code: hu

sense: sheath-like structure


szyja

text: Jako pan Vanczenecz... vmarl, ten czso szyą slomyl

ref: 1967 [1416], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 608, Kościan:

text: Pravda przebya glovą, a dobry vczynek schyyą lamye

ref: Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 684:

text: De clenodio defferentes lunam desuper et conyowa schigya in nigro campo

ref: 1856-1870 [1448], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume II, number 3335:

text: Collum a columna dicitur ein hals schyą

ref: c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 30r:

links: anatomy anatomy

links: neck neck

raw_glosses: (anatomy, attested in Greater Poland) neck (part of the body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals)

text: Nye da-ly, tedy nycz gynego, gedno mvssy mv szyyą kostovacz (posset sibi extunc ad vitam transire)

ref: 1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 103, 4:

links:
death penalty
death penalty

links: loss loss

links: life life

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

text: Wybyl yes glowę z domu nyemyloszczywego, odkryl yes zalozenye az do szygey (usque ad collum Hab 3, 13)

ref: 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), number Hab 20, Greater Poland:

links: top top

text: Debet solvere... aratra ferri viginti septem et viginti quatuor lamma al. syy

ref: 1921 [1460], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 236:

links: metal metal

links: part part

links: plow plow

links: plowshare plowshare

zlw-opl-noun

expansion: szyja f

syja

sense: passage in a basement

ety

zlw-opl

etydate: 15th century

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "szyja", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="szyja">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šìja. First attested in the 15th century.

ipa: /ʃʲija/


szyja

raw_glosses: (anatomy) neck (part of the body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals)

glosses: neck (tapered part of a bottle toward the opening)

links: architecture architecture

links: passage passage

links: wall wall

links: fortification fortification

raw_glosses: (architecture) passage sheltered on both sides by walls, connecting a gate with a protruding fortification

links: sailing sailing#Noun

links: throat throat

raw_glosses: (sailing) throat (angle where the arm of an anchor is joined to the shank)

links: music music

raw_glosses: (obsolete, music) neck (part of an instrument to be held)

raw_glosses: (obsolete) neck (part of the collar of an article of clothing)

links: tarsus tarsus

raw_glosses: (obsolete, anatomy) tarsus (group of small bones in this part of the foot)

links: forestry forestry

links: bottleneck bottleneck

raw_glosses: (obsolete, forestry) bottleneck (narrow stretch of forest leading to a field)

pl-noun

adj: szyjny

dim: szyjka

expansion: szyja f (diminutive szyjka, related adjective szyjny)

forms:
szyjka (diminutive)
szyjny (adjective)
szyja (nominative singular)
szyje (nominative plural)
szyi (genitive singular)
szyj (genitive plural)
szyi (dative singular)
szyjom (dative plural)
szyję (accusative singular)
szyje (accusative plural)
szyją (instrumental singular)
szyjami (instrumental plural)
szyi (locative singular)
szyjach (locative plural)
szyjo (singular vocative)
szyje (plural vocative)
syja (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *šìja
Old Polish szyja
Polish szyja
Inherited from Old Polish szyja.

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *šìja
Old Polish szyja
Polish szyja
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "szyja", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "szyja", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="szyja">
Inherited from Old Polish szyja.

rhymes: -ɘja

homophone: Szyja


szyja

text: Chłopiec bieżoł i chytoł go za szyja, a ôn se spōmnioł tyn furmōn, iże go zaprzedoł niy inszymu, jyny diobłu.

ref: 2018 – 2019 September 3, Grzegorz Kulik, “Ôpowiyść ô Madeji ze 1869 roku po naszymu”, in Wachtyrz.eu, Kotórz Mały, Poland: Silesia Progress:

links: anatomy anatomy

links: neck neck

glosses: neck (part of the body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *šìja
Old Polish szyja
Silesian szyja
Inherited from Old Polish szyja.

ety

szl

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *šìja
Old Polish szyja
Silesian szyja
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "szyja", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "szyja", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "szl" }" data-lang="szl" data-title="szyja">
Inherited from Old Polish szyja.

rhymes: -ɪja


coleorhizae

links: coleorhiza coleorhiza#English

head

en

noun form

expansion: coleorhizae


consonanza

links: consonance consonance

it-noun

expansion: consonanza f (plural consonanze)

forms: consonanze (plural)


księżyc

text: Troiaky skutek znameniti pocazuie v tih ue threh croleh poganskih: gih zødne croleuicha... pitane, gih verne kzøzicha pocoynego posnane

ref: c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie^(scan transliteration, transcription), Miechów, page cv 18:

links: son son

links: prince prince

raw_glosses: (hapax legomenon, attested in Lesser Poland) son of a prince

text: Zorza czudna, xanzycz

ref: 1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 266:

links: Moon Moon

text: Clenody dwa xąsycza a krzys, proclamacio Ostoya

ref: 1878-1889 [1426], Archiwum Komisji Historycznej, volume III, Greater Poland, page 335:

links: moon moon

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland) moon (representation or shape of the Moon on something)

text: I myaszkala Maria sz nyą yacoby przes trzy kzyazycze (quasi mensibus tribus Luc 1, 56)

ref: 1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116^(transliteration, transcription), Warsaw, page 289:

links: month month

raw_glosses: (attested in Masovia) month (period into which a year is divided based on the phases of the Moon)

qualifier: attested in Masovia

zlw-opl-noun

m-an!

expansion: księżyc m animacy unattested

forms: księżyc m animacy unattested (canonical)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Germanic *kunją
Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Germanic *-īnaz
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
?
Proto-Germanic *-ingaz
Proto-Germanic *kuningazder.
Proto-Slavic *kъnęgъ
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īt-
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jás
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ītjas
Proto-Slavic *-iťь
Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь
Old Polish księżyc
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь. First attested in the 14th century.
The meaning of “moon” is the result of a great moon cult among the Slavs; compare Polabian ťėnąʒ (“king, nobleman; moon”), Serbo-Croatian кне̑з /knȇz (“prince; moon”), ца̏р /cȁr (“tsar; moon”), Belarusian малады́ князь (maladý knjazʹ, “young prince; moon”). Compare also a Ukrainian vocative мі́сяцю кня́зю (mísjacju knjázju) (used, e.g., in a spell against toothache, and in Ivan Franko's poetry).

etymon

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Germanic *kunją
Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Germanic *-īnaz
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
?
Proto-Germanic *-ingaz
Proto-Germanic *kuningazder.
Proto-Slavic *kъnęgъ
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īt-
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jás
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ītjas
Proto-Slavic *-iťь
Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь
Old Polish księżyc
[prince]], ruler", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kin", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "produce", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ǵenh₁-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*kunją", "lang" : "gem-pro" }, { "id" : "belonging to", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-n̥kʷo-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-īnaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-gaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ingaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*kuningaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*kъnęgъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-īt-", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "status" : "ok", "children" : [ ], "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-jás", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ītjas", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-iťь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro", "pos" : "patronymic suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*kъnęžiťь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "księżyc", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-id="moon" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="księżyc" id="Old_Polish:_moon">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь.

etydate

14th century

expansion: First attested in the 14th century

cog

pox

ťėnąʒ

t: king, nobleman; moon

expansion: Polabian ťėnąʒ (“king, nobleman; moon”)

sh

кне̑з//knȇz

t: prince; moon

be

малады́ князь

t: young prince; moon

uk

expansion: Ukrainian

ipa: /kɕæ̃ʒʲit͡sʲ/

ipa: /kɕæ̃ʒʲit͡sʲ/


księżyc

links: Księżyc Księżyc#Polish

glosses: alternative letter-case form of Księżyc (“Moon”).

Księżyc

extra: Moon

glosses: moon (any natural satellite of a planet)

links: moonlight moonlight

raw_glosses: (figuratively) moonlight (light from the Moon)

glosses: moon (object shaped like the Moon; figure of the Moon)

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) month (period into which a year is divided based on the phases of the Moon)

pl-noun

m-in

adj: księżycowy

expansion: księżyc m inan (related adjective księżycowy)

forms:
księżycowy (adjective)
księżyc (nominative singular)
księżyce (nominative plural)
księżyca (genitive singular)
księżyców (genitive plural)
księżycowi (dative singular)
księżycom (dative plural)
księżyc (accusative singular)
księżyce (accusative plural)
księżycem (instrumental singular)
księżycami (instrumental plural)
księżycu (locative singular)
księżycach (locative plural)
księżycu (singular vocative)
księżyce (plural vocative)

pl-decl-noun-m-in

a

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Germanic *kunją
Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Germanic *-īnaz
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
?
Proto-Germanic *-ingaz
Proto-Germanic *kuningazder.
Proto-Slavic *kъnęgъ
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īt-
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jás
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ītjas
Proto-Slavic *-iťь
Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь
Old Polish księżyc
Polish księżyc
Inherited from Old Polish księżyc. Partially displaced Old Polish miesiąc.

etymon

pl

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Germanic *kunją
Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Germanic *-īnaz
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
?
Proto-Germanic *-ingaz
Proto-Germanic *kuningazder.
Proto-Slavic *kъnęgъ
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īt-
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jás
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ītjas
Proto-Slavic *-iťь
Proto-Slavic *kъnęžiťь
Old Polish księżyc
Polish księżyc
[prince]], ruler", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kin", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "produce", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ǵenh₁-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*kunją", "lang" : "gem-pro" }, { "id" : "belonging to", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-n̥kʷo-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-īnaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-gaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ingaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*kuningaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*kъnęgъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-īt-", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "status" : "ok", "children" : [ ], "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-jás", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ītjas", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-iťь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro", "pos" : "patronymic suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*kъnęžiťь", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "księżyc", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "księżyc", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="moon" data-lang="pl" data-title="księżyc" id="Polish:_moon">
Inherited from Old Polish księżyc.

glossary

displaced

expansion: displaced

ncog

miesiąc

expansion: Old Polish miesiąc

displaced

expansion: displaced Old Polish miesiąc

ipa: /ˈkɕɛw̃.ʐɘt͡s/

ipa: /ˈkɕɛ̃.ʐɨt͡s/

rhymes: -ɛw̃ʐɘt͡s

homophone: Księżyc


rzeka

text: Po rzecze poydze peszi (in flumine pertransibunt pede)

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 65, 5, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

text: Cananevs przebiwa... podle rzeki Iordanskey (circa fluenta Iordanis)

ref: 1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 13, 30:

text: Rzeka bosza (flumen dei) napelnona iest wod

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 64, 10, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

links: river river

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland) river (stream of water)

text: Thamo byla yedna rzeka ognyewą... Dym they rzeky podnosyl sya asz do nyeba

ref: 1915 [End of the 15th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 536:

glosses:
river (stream of water)
river (stream of anything)

zlw-opl-noun

f

adj: rzeczny

dim: rzeczka

expansion: rzeka f (diminutive rzeczka, related adjective rzeczny)

forms:
rzeczka (diminutive)
rzeczny (adjective)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-keh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *raikāˀ
Proto-Slavic *rěka
Old Polish rzeka
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rěka. First attested in the 13th century.

etymon

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-keh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *raikāˀ
Proto-Slavic *rěka
Old Polish rzeka
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*raikāˀ", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*rěka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "rzeka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-id="river" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="rzeka" id="Old_Polish:_river">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rěka.

etydate

13th century

expansion: First attested in the 13th century

ipa: /r̝ɛːka/

ipa: /r̝eka/


rzeka

glosses: river (large stream which drains a landmass)

raw_glosses: (figuratively) river (large number of objects moving in an uninterrupted, steady motion)

pl-noun

dim: rzeczka,rzeczułka

expansion: rzeka f (diminutive rzeczka or rzeczułka, related adjective rzeczny)

forms:
rzeczka (diminutive)
rzeczułka (diminutive)
rzeczny (adjective)
rzeka (nominative singular)
rzeki (nominative plural)
rzeki (genitive singular)
rzek (genitive plural)
rzece (dative singular)
rzekom (dative plural)
rzekę (accusative singular)
rzeki (accusative plural)
rzeką (instrumental singular)
rzekami (instrumental plural)
rzece (locative singular)
rzekach (locative plural)
rzeko (singular vocative)
rzeki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-keh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *raikāˀ
Proto-Slavic *rěka
Old Polish rzeka
Polish rzeka
Inherited from Old Polish rzeka. Doublet of Rijeka.

etymon

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-keh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *raikāˀ
Proto-Slavic *rěka
Old Polish rzeka
Polish rzeka
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*raikāˀ", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*rěka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "rzeka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "rzeka", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="river" data-lang="pl" data-title="rzeka" id="Polish:_river">
Inherited from Old Polish rzeka.

dbt

Rijeka

expansion: Doublet of Rijeka

rhymes: -ɛka

homophone: Rzeka


ziemia

text: Chuala bøcz bogu na uiszszokosczy, a mir boszy bødz na szemy (in terra Luc 2, 14) ludzem dobre vole

ref: Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie^(transliteration, transcription), Krakow, page 1a:

links: earth earth

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland) earth (all that which is under the sky)

text: Nauczce se, czso sødzice zemø (terram)

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 2, 10, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

text: On będzye sądzyl okrąng zyeme (orbem terrae) w sprawyedlywoszczy

ref: 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 9, 8, Greater Poland:

links: habitant habitant

links: Earth Earth

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) habitants of the Earth

qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland

text: Gorna zemya torrida zona

ref: 1965 [End of the 15th century], Julian Wojtkowski, editor, Glosy i drobne teksty polskie do 1550 roku. Z inkunabułów Kalisza, Kazimierza Biskupiego, Koła, Sieradza i Warty, Kalisz, Kazimierz Biskupi, Koło, Sieradz, Warta, page 75:

links: earthly earthly

links: sphere sphere

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) one of the earthly spheres

text: Vøczcy on (sc. wąż) gedno vcho ogonem szaslony a drudzecz on ku szemy skloniy

ref: Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie^(transliteration, transcription), Krakow, page 173b:

text: Blogoslawyona zyemya, Anna swyatha, kthora zbawyenyv nasszemv poczatek dala

ref: 1887 [1482-1483], Wacław Ubogi z Brodni, edited by Lucjan Malinowski, Modlitwy Wacława. Zabytek języka polskiego z wieku XV odkryty i skopjowany przez Aleksandra Przezdzieckiego wydał i objaśnił Lucyjan Malinowski, Krakow, Brodnia, page 57a:

text: Począla (sc. Maryja) *vnyątacz kosczyol. A yako smyotla proch v gromada,... pobrala przed szyą w szvknyą... A zatem poschedl yeden stary kaplan zydowsky. Vzravschy dzyevyczą Marya naczela szyą lyekacz... y osvla on proch na zyemyą

ref: Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 20:

links: soil soil

links: dirt dirt

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) earth, soil, dirt

text: Ten ps[alm] powyada, yze Xpus stworzyl zywyoly, to yest *zyemye, wyatr, ogye[ń], wodę

ref: 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), number 73 arg, Greater Poland:

links: alchemy alchemy

links: philosophy philosophy

raw_glosses: (alchemy, philosophy, attested in Greater Poland) earth (one of the four classical elements)

text: Nazwal bog suchoszcz szemyø (vocavit... aridam terram)

ref: 1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 1, 10:

links: land land

glosses: land, earth (solid ground, as opposed to air or water)

text: Sam... pres mø prisøgl iesm, iz uam hochal [dać z]emø urogow uasih

ref: c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie^(scan transliteration, transcription), Miechów, page av 8:

text: Przetosz pomnecz bødø czebe z zeme iordanskey (de terra Iordanis)

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 41, 8, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

text: Tobye dam szemyø Kanaan (terram Chanaan)

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 104, 11, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

text: Chos gesmcy ga vasz s te tho szeme Egypta (de terra Aegypti Ex 20, 2) vyuotl

ref: Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie^(transliteration, transcription), Krakow, page 175a:

text: Tak przebiwal Israel w zemi Amorreyskego (in terra Amorrhaei)

ref: 1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 21, 31:

links: country country

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland) land, country

text: K temv Yanovy vychodzyla wszytka zydowska zyemya (omnis Iudaea)

ref: Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 177:

links: inhabitant inhabitant

text: Iaco Marczin w kszøzey szemi ne cradne

ref: 1920 [1406], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 696, Płońsk:

text: Jaco Boyan y Boguslaw sa wsze zeme cuyawskye zlodzeye

ref: 1861 [1415–1427], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi, volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 39:

text: Yssze Dzerszek... nye began (pro begal) na zemą krole[s]wstwa polszkego... any gey scodzyl

ref: 1967 [1428], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 1345, Kościan:

links: territorial territorial

links: unit unit

raw_glosses: (attested in Masovia, Greater Poland) territorial unit of a country or of land

qualifier: attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland

text: Zwali sø ymona swa w zemach swogich (in terris suis)

ref: 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 48, 11, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:

text: Iaco Potrek do Kaliszkego slal, zøndayø miru, drzewey nisz w zemi zawadzil

ref: 1959 [1400], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 446, Poznań:

links: property property

links: ownership ownership

links: manor manor

links: estate estate

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) property or ownership of land; manor, estate, property

zlw-opl-noun

expansion: ziemia f

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōm
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōmder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *źémijāˀ
Proto-Slavic *zemľà
Old Polish ziemia
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zemľà. First attested in the 14th century.

etymon

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōm
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōmder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *źémijāˀ
Proto-Slavic *zemľà
Old Polish ziemia
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰeǵʰ-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ōm", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰéǵʰōm", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*źémijāˀ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*zemľà", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "ziemia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-id="earth" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="ziemia" id="Old_Polish:_earth">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zemľà.

ipa: /ʑɛːmʲa/

ipa: /ʑemʲa/


ziemia

links: earth earth

raw_glosses: (countable) earth (planet on which people live)

raw_glosses: (uncountable, literary) earth (place of life, as opposed to heaven or the afterlife)

raw_glosses: (uncountable) earth, soil, dirt (layer of land in which plants grow)

links: ground ground

links: floor floor

raw_glosses: (uncountable) ground; floor (that which is walked on)

raw_glosses: (uncountable) land, earth (solid ground, as opposed to air or water)

raw_glosses: (uncountable) land; ground, property (area that is one's property)

raw_glosses: (countable) land; country (particular political, ethnographic, or geographic region)

links: motherland motherland

links: fatherland fatherland

raw_glosses: (uncountable, literary) motherland, fatherland (country in which one was born)

links: division division

links: voivodeship voivodeship

raw_glosses: (countable, historical) unit or division smaller than a voivodeship

pl-decl-noun-f

gens: ziemi

genp: ziem

forms:
ziemia (nominative singular)
ziemie (nominative plural)
ziemi (genitive singular)
ziem (genitive plural)
ziemi (dative singular)
ziemiom (dative plural)
ziemię (accusative singular)
ziemie (accusative plural)
ziemią (instrumental singular)
ziemiami (instrumental plural)
ziemi (locative singular)
ziemiach (locative plural)
ziemio (singular vocative)
ziemie (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōm
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōmder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *źémijāˀ
Proto-Slavic *zemľà
Old Polish ziemia
Polish ziemia
Inherited from Old Polish ziemia.

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōm
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōmder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *źémijāˀ
Proto-Slavic *zemľà
Old Polish ziemia
Polish ziemia
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰeǵʰ-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ōm", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dʰéǵʰōm", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*źémijāˀ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*zemľà", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "ziemia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "ziemia", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="earth" data-lang="pl" data-title="ziemia" id="Polish:_earth">
Inherited from Old Polish ziemia.

rhymes: -ɛmja

homophone: Ziemia


contrabbasso

links: music music

links:
double bass
double bass

it-noun

m

expansion: contrabbasso m (plural contrabbassi)

forms: contrabbassi (plural)

etymology_text: From contra- + basso.

ety

it

:af

contra-

basso

expansion: [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "basso", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "contrabbasso", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" }" data-lang="it" data-title="contrabbasso">

prefix

contra

basso

expansion: contra- + basso

rhymes: -asso


popiół

text: Rozrzucił popioły swojej żony nad fale.

translation: He scattered his wife's ashes over the waves.

links: ash ash

pl-noun

expansion: popiół m inan

pl-decl-noun-m-in

locs: popiele

forms:
popiół (nominative singular)
popioły (nominative plural)
popiołu (genitive singular)
popiołów (genitive plural)
popiołowi (dative singular)
popiołom (dative plural)
popiół (accusative singular)
popioły (accusative plural)
popiołem (instrumental singular)
popiołami (instrumental plural)
popiele (locative singular)
popiołach (locative plural)
popiele (singular vocative)
popioły (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *popelъ.

ety

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "popiół", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="popiół">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *popelъ.

rhymes: -ɔpjuw

homophone: Popiół


éclaircir

links: brighten brighten

links: thin thin

links:
clear up
clear up

links: solve solve

links: clarify clarify

glosses: to clear up, solve, clarify (mystery, problem etc.)

fr-verb

expansion: éclaircir

forms:
éclaircir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
éclaircissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
éclairci (participle past)
éclaircis (first-person indicative present singular)
éclaircis (indicative present second-person singular)
éclaircit (indicative present singular third-person)
éclaircissons (first-person indicative plural present)
éclaircissez (indicative plural present second-person)
éclaircissent (indicative plural present third-person)
éclaircissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
éclaircissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
éclaircissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
éclaircissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
éclaircissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
éclaircissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
éclaircis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
éclaircis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
éclaircit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
éclaircîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
éclaircîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
éclaircirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
éclaircirai (first-person future indicative singular)
éclairciras (future indicative second-person singular)
éclaircira (future indicative singular third-person)
éclaircirons (first-person future indicative plural)
éclaircirez (future indicative plural second-person)
éclairciront (future indicative plural third-person)
éclaircirais (conditional first-person singular)
éclaircirais (conditional second-person singular)
éclaircirait (conditional singular third-person)
éclaircirions (conditional first-person plural)
éclairciriez (conditional plural second-person)
éclairciraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
éclaircisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
éclaircisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
éclaircisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
éclaircissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
éclaircissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
éclaircissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
éclaircisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
éclaircisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
éclaircît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
éclaircissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
éclaircissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
éclaircissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
éclaircis (imperative second-person singular)
éclaircissons (first-person imperative plural)
éclaircissez (imperative plural second-person)

etymology_text: From Late Latin *exclaricire, from Latin claricare.

uder

fr

la-lat

*exclaricire

expansion: Late Latin *exclaricire

la

claricare

expansion: Latin claricare

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-éclaircir.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-éclaircir.wav

note: Somain


contrametrico

links: syncopated syncopated

it-adj

expansion: contrametrico (feminine contrametrica, masculine plural contrametrici, feminine plural contrametriche)

forms:
contrametrica (feminine)
contrametrici (masculine plural)
contrametriche (feminine plural)


jeśli

links: if if

glosses: introduces a real conditional clause; if

text: gdi proſſim orzeczy czeſne/ iako ſą ſlawa/ rozum/ maiętnoſc y yne/ tedy mamy proſſic pod obyazaiem albo (iako żowa) pod oblikiem zdawaiąc proſby naſze pod wolą boża mowiąc ieſli to wola twoią á nie ieſt przeciw memu duſznemu zbawieniu.

ref: 1547, J. Seklucjan, Catechismus, page B2v:

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain.

pos: conj

forms:
jeślim (combined-form object-first-person object-singular)
jeśliśmy (combined-form object-first-person object-plural)
jeśliś (combined-form object-second-person object-singular)
jeśliście (combined-form object-plural object-second-person)
jeśli (combined-form object-singular object-third-person)
jeśli (combined-form object-plural object-third-person)

etymology_text: Inherited from Old Polish jestli. By surface analysis, univerbation of jest + li. Compare Czech jestli, Russian е́сли (jésli).

ety

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "jeśli", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="jeśli">
Inherited from Old Polish jestli.

surf

+univ

pl

jest

li

cog

cs

jestli

expansion: Czech jestli

ru

е́сли

expansion: Russian е́сли (jésli)

note: Kuyavia

note: Central Greater Poland

note: Ostróda

note: Western Kraków

rhymes: -ɛɕli


jeśli

links:
yes-no question
yes-no question#English

links: whether whether

raw_glosses: (obsolete or Kuyavia, Wistka Królewska, Skoki Duże, Central Greater Poland, Jaraczewo, Książ Wielkopolski, Ostróda, Kraplewo, Western Kraków, Siewierz, Mierzęcice, Szczodrkowice, Olkusz, Trzebinia) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question; if, whether

qualifier: obsolete or Kuyavia; Central Greater Poland; obsolete or Kuyavia; Central Greater Poland

text: An adverbium interrogandi. Izali/ yeſli

ref: 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 8d:

text: Nunquando, Ieſlikiedy.

ref: 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 254d (5):

text: Ecquando – Ieſtli kiedi. Ecquis ‒ Ieſtli kto?

ref: 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 348a:

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

text: zgołá ſobie obieray: ábo ofiáruy Bogom […] ábo więc ná męki […] potepion będzieſz. Odpowiedział Iánuáryuſz: ieśli to vcżyniſz/ ią ſam tego prágnę/ ábych ſię ſtał ofiárą Bogu memu

ref: 1579, P. Skarga, Żywoty świętych, page 428:

raw_glosses: expresses optative meaning; hopefully, if only, let, may, had better

links: optative optative#English

links: hopefully hopefully

links:
if only
if only

links: let let

links: may may

links:
had better
had better

pos: particle

head

particle

expansion: jeśli

ety

:inh

surf

expansion: By surface analysis, univerbation of jest + li


jeśli

head

szl

conjunction

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *byti
Old Polish jest
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *lei
Proto-Slavic *li
Old Polish li
univ.
Old Polish jestli
Silesian jeśli
Inherited from Old Polish jestli.

ety

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *byti
Old Polish jest
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *lei
Proto-Slavic *li
Old Polish li
univ.
Old Polish jestli
Silesian jeśli
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "id" : "be", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "be", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁es-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁ésti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*bū́ˀtei", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*byti", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "być", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "other", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*lei", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*li", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "li", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Univerbation of", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "univerbation" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "jestli", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "jeśli", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "szl" }" data-lang="szl" data-title="jeśli">
Inherited from Old Polish jestli.

forms:
eli (alternative)
ejźli (alternative)
eźli (alternative)
jeli (alternative)
jesi (alternative)
jeźli (alternative)


jeżeli

text: Jeżeli kochać, to nie indywidualnie!

translation: If to love, then not individually!

english: If to love, then not individually!

links: jeśli jeśli#Polish

jeśli

extra: if

links: ponieważ ponieważ#Polish

links: because because

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) synonym of ponieważ (“because”)

ponieważ

extra: because

forms:
jeżelim (combined-form object-first-person object-singular)
jeżeliśmy (combined-form object-first-person object-plural)
jeżeliś (combined-form object-second-person object-singular)
jeżeliście (combined-form object-plural object-second-person)
jeżeli (combined-form object-singular object-third-person)
jeżeli (combined-form object-plural object-third-person)

ежели

roman: eželi

ежели

roman: ježeli

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *byti
Old Polish być
Polish je(st)
Proto-Indo-European *ís
Proto-Balto-Slavic *is
Proto-Slavic *jь
Proto-Indo-European *gʰe
Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge
Proto-Slavic *že
Proto-Slavic *jь že
Old Polish że
Polish że
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *lei
Proto-Slavic *li
Old Polish li
Polish li
univ.
Polish jeżeli
Univerbation of je(st) + że + li. First attested in 1588.

:univ

że

li<id:particle><ref:Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “jeżeli”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN !!! Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “jeżeli”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) !!! Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “jeżeli”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego>

etydate: 1588<ref:Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “jeżeli”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]>

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *byti
Old Polish być
Polish je(st)
Proto-Indo-European *ís
Proto-Balto-Slavic *is
Proto-Slavic *jь
Proto-Indo-European *gʰe
Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge
Proto-Slavic *že
Proto-Slavic *jь že
Old Polish że
Polish że
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *lei
Proto-Slavic *li
Old Polish li
Polish li
univ.
Polish jeżeli
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "id" : "be", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "be", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁es-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁ésti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*bū́ˀtei", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*byti", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "być", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "być", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "that", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "who", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "determiner", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "determiner", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "demonstrative", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ís", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*is", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*jь", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "id" : "emphatic particle", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*gʰe", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*ge", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*že", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*jь že", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "że", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "że", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "particle", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "other", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*lei", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*li", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "li", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "li", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Univerbation of", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "univerbation" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "jeżeli", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="jeżeli">
Univerbation of je(st) + że + li. First attested in 1588.

note: Near Masovian

rhymes: -ɛli


jeżeli

text: Chłop wysoki jeżeli dąb.

translation: The boy is tall like an oak.

english: The boy is tall like an oak.

links: jak jak#Polish

links: as as

links: like like

raw_glosses: (Far Masovian) synonym of jak (“as, like”)

jak

extra: as, like

pl-adv

expansion: jeżeli


jeżeli

links: czy czy#Polish

raw_glosses: (Kuyavia, Bodzanowo, Central Greater Poland, Kotłów, Southern Greater Poland, Morownica, Near Masovian, Żychlin, Tretki) synonym of czy (“if, whether”)

qualifier: Central Greater Poland; Southern Greater Poland; Near Masovian; Central Greater Poland; Southern Greater Poland; Near Masovian

czy

extra: if, whether