шапка

text: шапка-ушанка

roman: šapka-ušanka

translation: ushanka

english: ushanka

text: шапка-идиотка

roman: šapka-idiotka

translation: bucket hat

english: bucket hat

text: шапка-каубойка

roman: šapka-kaubojka

translation: cowboy hat

english: cowboy hat

text: шапка-тюбетейка

roman: šapka-tjubetejka

translation: tubeteika

english: tubeteika

text: шапка-невидимка

roman: šapka-nevidimka

translation: cap of invisibility

english: cap of invisibility

links: cap cap

links: headgear headgear

bg-noun

ша́пка

dim: ша́пчица

expansion: ша́пка • (šápka) f (diminutive ша́пчица)

forms:
ша́пка (canonical feminine)
šápka (romanization)
ша́пчица (diminutive)
ша́пка (indefinite singular)
ша́пки (indefinite plural)
ша́пката (definite singular)
ша́пките (definite plural)
ша́пка (indefinite singular)
ша́пки (indefinite plural)
ша́пката (definite singular)
ша́пкитѣ (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

ша́пка<>

шапка́р

roman: šapkár

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
French chapeaubor.
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Proto-Slavic *-ьka
Bulgarian -ка (-ka)
Bulgarian шапка
From French chapeau + Bulgarian -ка (-ka). Doublet of ка́па (kápa).

ety

:af

-ка

expansion:
Etymology tree
French chapeaubor.
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Proto-Slavic *-ьka
Bulgarian -ка (-ka)
Bulgarian шапка
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ьka", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Bulgarian", "term" : "-ка", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "bg" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Bulgarian", "term" : "шапка", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "bg" }" data-lang="bg" data-title="шапка">
From French chapeau + Bulgarian -ка (-ka).

doublet

ка́па

expansion: Doublet of ка́па (kápa)

ipa: [ˈʃa̟pkɐ]

rhymes: -apkɐ


шапка

links: hat hat

links: pod pod

links:
bell pepper
bell pepper

pos: noun

mk-noun

f

expansion: шапка • (šapka) f

forms:
šapka (romanization)
шапка (indefinite singular)
шапки (indefinite plural)
шапката (definite singular unspecified)
шапките (definite plural unspecified)
шапкава (definite proximal singular)
шапкиве (definite plural proximal)
шапкана (definite distal singular)
шапкине (definite distal plural)
шапко (singular vocative)
шапки (plural vocative)

mk-decl-noun-f

шапк

mk-decl-noun-table

ind_sg: шапка

def_unsp_sg: шапката

def_prox_sg: шапкава

def_dist_sg: шапкана

voc_sg: шапко

col_sg: шапкје

ind_pl: шапки

def_unsp_pl: шапките

def_prox_pl: шапкиве

def_dist_pl: шапкине

voc_pl: шапки

ipa: [ˈʃapka]


шапка

text: — У тебя́ мно́го наро́да? Кто да кто? — нево́льно красне́я, спроси́л Лёвин, обива́я перча́ткой снег с ша́пки.

ref: 1877, Лев Толстой [Leo Tolstoy], “Часть IV. Глава IX”, in Анна Каренина; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Anna Karenina, 1901:

english: "Have you a lot of people? Who's here?" asked Levin, unable to help blushing, as he knocked the snow off his cap with his glove.

roman: — U tebjá mnógo naróda? Kto da kto? — nevólʹno krasnéja, sprosíl Ljóvin, obivája perčátkoj sneg s šápki.

type: quotation

links: warm warm

links: soft soft

links: brimless brimless

links: beanie beanie

glosses: warm, soft, usually brimless hat or cap (e.g., beanie)

links: heading heading

ru-noun+

adj: ша́почный

dim: ша́почка

pej: шапчо́нка

expansion: ша́пка • (šápka) f inan (genitive ша́пки, nominative plural ша́пки, genitive plural ша́пок, relational adjective ша́почный, diminutive ша́почка, pejorative шапчо́нка)

forms:
ша́пка (canonical feminine inanimate)
šápka (romanization)
ша́пки (genitive)
ша́пки (nominative plural)
ша́пок (genitive plural)
ша́почный (adjective relational)
ша́почка (diminutive)
шапчо́нка (pejorative)
ша́пка (nominative singular)
ша́пки (nominative plural)
ша́пки (genitive singular)
ша́пок (genitive plural)
ша́пке (dative singular)
ша́пкам (dative plural)
ша́пку (accusative singular)
ша́пки (accusative plural)
ша́пкой (instrumental singular)
ша́пкою (instrumental singular)
ша́пками (instrumental plural)
ша́пке (prepositional singular)
ша́пках (plural prepositional)
ша́пка (dated nominative singular)
ша́пки (dated nominative plural)
ша́пки (dated genitive singular)
ша́покъ (dated genitive plural)
ша́пкѣ (dated dative singular)
ша́пкамъ (dated dative plural)
ша́пку (accusative dated singular)
ша́пки (accusative dated plural)
ша́пкой (dated instrumental singular)
ша́пкою (dated instrumental singular)
ша́пками (dated instrumental plural)
ша́пкѣ (dated prepositional singular)
ша́пкахъ (dated plural prepositional)

ша́понька

roman: šáponʹka

ша́почник

roman: šápočnik

ша́почный

roman: šápočnyj

шапчо́нка

roman: šapčónka

шапкозакида́тельский

roman: šapkozakidátelʹskij

шапкозакида́тельство

roman: šapkozakidátelʹstvo

дать по ша́пке

roman: datʹ po šápke

поля́рная ша́пка

roman: poljárnaja šápka

пусти́ть ша́пку по кру́гу

roman: pustítʹ šápku po krúgu

ша́пка Монома́ха

roman: šápka Monomáxa

ша́пка-невиди́мка

roman: šápka-nevidímka

к ша́почному разбо́ру

sense: From ша́почный (šápočnyj)

roman: k šápočnomu razbóru

ша́почное знако́мство

sense: From ша́почный (šápočnyj)

roman: šápočnoje znakómstvo

не по Се́ньке ша́пка

roman: ne po Sénʹke šápka

с ша́пкой по кру́гу

roman: s šápkoj po krúgu

ша́пки доло́й

roman: šápki dolój

ша́пку доло́й

roman: šápku dolój

ша́пками закида́ем

roman: šápkami zakidájem

на во́ре ша́пка гори́т

roman: na vóre šápka gorít

շապկա

roman: šapka

شەپکە

roman: şepke

شەبکە

roman: şebke

삽개

roman: sapgae

шапке

roman: şapke

شابگا

roman: šâbgâ

شاپقه

roman: şapka

շափխա

roman: šapʻxa

شابقه

roman: şabka

شەپكە

roman: shepke

etymology_text: Inherited from Old East Slavic шапка (šapka) attested since late 13th century (birchbark letter #141), ultimately from the Old French chape (see there for further etymology), omitting several steps, from Latin cappa. Doublet of капо́т (kapót), капу́т (kapút), капуци́н (kapucín), капучи́но (kapučíno), капюшо́н (kapjušón), and ке́пка (képka).

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

ru

orv

шапка

expansion: Old East Slavic шапка (šapka)

der

fro

chape

expansion: Old French chape

la

cappa

expansion: Latin cappa

doublet

капо́т

капу́т

капуци́н

капучи́но

капюшо́н

ке́пка

ipa: [ˈʂapkə]


шапка

sh-noun

ша̏пка

f

expansion: ша̏пка f (Latin spelling šȁpka)

forms:
ша̏пка (canonical feminine)
šȁpka (romanization)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Russian ша́пка (šápka). Ultimately from the Old French chape (“cap”).

bor+

sh

ru

ша́пка

expansion: Borrowed from Russian ша́пка (šápka)

der

cap

expansion: Old French chape (“cap”)

ipa: /ʃâpka/


шапка

uk-noun

ша́пка<c*>

expansion: ша́пка • (šápka) f inan (genitive ша́пки, nominative plural шапки́, genitive plural шапо́к)

forms:
ша́пка (canonical feminine inanimate)
šápka (romanization)
ша́пки (genitive)
шапки́ (nominative plural)
шапо́к (genitive plural)
ша́пка (nominative singular)
шапки́ (nominative plural)
ша́пки (genitive singular)
шапо́к (genitive plural)
ша́пці (dative singular)
шапка́м (dative plural)
ша́пку (accusative singular)
шапки́ (accusative plural)
ша́пкою (instrumental singular)
шапка́ми (instrumental plural)
ша́пці (locative singular)
шапка́х (locative plural)
ша́пко (singular vocative)
шапки́ (plural vocative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Old East Slavic шапка (šapka), ultimately from the Old French chape (see there for further etymology)

inh

uk

inh+

ipa: [ˈʃapkɐ]


шапка

head

uum

noun

tr: šapka

expansion: шапка • (šapka)

forms: šapka (romanization)


pojutrze

links:
day after tomorrow
day after tomorrow

links: overmorrow overmorrow

pos: adv

pl-adv

expansion: pojutrze (not comparable)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Polish po-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *auštrā́ˀ
Proto-Slavic *(j)ùtro
Old Polish jutro
Polish jutro
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is
Proto-Slavic *-ь
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas
Proto-Slavic *-jь
Proto-Slavic *-ьje
Old Polish -e
Polish -e
Polish pojutrze
From po- + jutro + -e.

ety

pl

po-

jutro

-e

expansion:
Etymology tree
Polish po-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *auštrā́ˀ
Proto-Slavic *(j)ùtro
Old Polish jutro
Polish jutro
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is
Proto-Slavic *-ь
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas
Proto-Slavic *-jь
Proto-Slavic *-ьje
Old Polish -e
Polish -e
Polish pojutrze
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*ùtro", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "jutro", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "jutro", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nom", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ь", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "id" : "nom", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-jas", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-jь", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ьje", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-e", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-e", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "pojutrze", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="pojutrze">
From po- + jutro + -e.

rhymes: -utʂɛ


pojutrze

pl-noun

n

expansion: pojutrze n (indeclinable)

forms:
pojutrze (nominative singular)
pojutrza (nominative plural)
pojutrza (genitive singular)
pojutrzy (genitive plural)
pojutrzu (dative singular)
pojutrzom (dative plural)
pojutrze (accusative singular)
pojutrza (accusative plural)
pojutrzem (instrumental singular)
pojutrzami (instrumental plural)
pojutrzu (locative singular)
pojutrzach (locative plural)
pojutrze (singular vocative)
pojutrza (plural vocative)


przedwczoraj

links:
day before yesterday
day before yesterday

pl-adv

expansion: przedwczoraj (not comparable)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Polish przed-
Proto-Indo-European *kʷséps?
Proto-Indo-European *wek⁽ʷ⁾sperosder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *weker-
Proto-Slavic *vьčerà
Old Polish wczora
Polish wczoraj
Polish przedwczoraj
From przed- + wczoraj.

ety

przed-

wczoraj

expansion:
Etymology tree
Polish przed-
Proto-Indo-European *kʷséps?
Proto-Indo-European *wek⁽ʷ⁾sperosder.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *weker-
Proto-Slavic *vьčerà
Old Polish wczora
Polish wczoraj
Polish przedwczoraj
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*kʷséps", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*wek⁽ʷ⁾speros", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*weker-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*vьčerà", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "wczora", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "wczoraj", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "przedwczoraj", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="przedwczoraj">
From przed- + wczoraj.

rhymes: -ɔraj


przedwczoraj

pl-noun

expansion: przedwczoraj n (indeclinable)


kuchnia

text: Omnes doctores suis argumentis ita repressisset a se, sicut canes calido lavacro de coquinis pelluntur, alias vulgariter: tako ony rzeczy parzyl od syebye, yako pssy z kuchnyey parzą varem

ref: 1874 [1499], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume XVIII, page 622:

text: Coquina eyn kuchen kvchnya

ref: c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 34v:

links: kitchen kitchen

glosses: kitchen (room in which meals are cooked)

zlw-opl-noun

expansion: kuchnia f

kuchnia

ку́хня

roman: kúhnja

кујна

roman: kujna

kuchňa

кухня

roman: kuxnja

ку́хня

roman: kúxnja

կուխնի

roman: kuxni

кухна

roman: kuxna

кухня

roman: kuhnya

куукуна

roman: kuukuna

ку́фня

roman: kúfnja

гу́фуня

roman: gúfunja

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Borrowed from Old High German chuhhina. First attested in 1471.

etymon

zlw-opl

:bor

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Feminine nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*quoquō", "lang_name" : "Latin", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to be cooking", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "cook", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pekʷ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic present", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pékʷeti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kʷekʷō", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquō", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "possessive", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "e-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "vrddhi", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "relational adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives of materials", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-īnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-īnus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīnus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīna", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "cocīna", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*kukinā", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old High German", "term" : "chuhhina", "lang" : "goh" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-id="kitchen" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="kuchnia" id="Old_Polish:_kitchen">
Borrowed from Old High German chuhhina.

etydate

expansion: First attested in 1471

note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE

ipa: /kuxɲaː/

note: 15ᵗʰ CE

ipa: /kuxɲɒ/


kuchnia

raw_glosses: (countable) kitchen (room or area for preparing food)

raw_glosses: (countable) kitchen (furniture and equipment in such a room)

raw_glosses: (countable) kitchen (people working in such a room)

links: cooking cooking#Noun

links: stove stove

links: hob hob

links: cooker cooker

raw_glosses: (countable, cooking) stove, hob, cooker (device for heating food)

links: cuisine cuisine

raw_glosses: (countable) cuisine (characteristic style of preparing food, often associated with a place of origin)

links: cookery cookery

links: cooking cooking

raw_glosses: (uncountable, cooking) cookery, cooking (one's ability to prepare food)

links: cafeteria cafeteria

raw_glosses: (countable, dated) kitchen; cafeteria (dining area in an institution where meals may be purchased, provided, or brought in from elsewhere)

links: intel intel

raw_glosses: (uncountable) intel (detailed information about a job or field of human activity, not made available to everyone)

links: chimney chimney

links: hearth hearth

raw_glosses: (countable, obsolete) chimney or hearth in a kitchen

links: stores stores

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) stores (food saved for later or the product of cooking itself)

links: chess chess

links: square square

links: king king

links: castling castling

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish, chess) square where the king stands during castling

text: kowál/ komin/ kuchniá

ref: 1551, Stanisław Murzynowski, Ortografija polska, page B2v:

raw_glosses: (Middle Polish) hearth; Further details are uncertain.

pl-noun

dim: kuchenka

adj: kuchenny

expansion: kuchnia f (diminutive kuchenka, related adjective kuchenny)

forms:
kuchenka (diminutive)
kuchenny (adjective)
kuchnia (nominative singular)
kuchnie (nominative plural)
kuchni (genitive singular)
kuchni (genitive plural)
kuchni (dative singular)
kuchniom (dative plural)
kuchnię (accusative singular)
kuchnie (accusative plural)
kuchnią (instrumental singular)
kuchniami (instrumental plural)
kuchni (locative singular)
kuchniach (locative plural)
kuchnio (singular vocative)
kuchnie (plural vocative)

pl-decl-noun-f

gens: kuchni

genp: kuchni

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Polish kuchnia
Inherited from Old Polish kuchnia.

etymon

:inh

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Polish kuchnia
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Feminine nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*quoquō", "lang_name" : "Latin", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to be cooking", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "cook", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pekʷ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic present", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pékʷeti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kʷekʷō", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquō", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "possessive", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "e-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "vrddhi", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "relational adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives of materials", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-īnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-īnus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīnus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīna", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "cocīna", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*kukinā", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old High German", "term" : "chuhhina", "lang" : "goh" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="kitchen" data-lang="pl" data-title="kuchnia" id="Polish:_kitchen">
Inherited from Old Polish kuchnia.

rhymes: -uxɲa

homophone: Kuchnia


kuchnia

links:
minced oath
minced oath

links: damn damn

links: kurwa kurwa#Polish

raw_glosses: (minced oath) damn (non-vulgar expression of contempt as a minced oath of kurwa)

qualifier: minced oath

pos: intj

head

interjection

expansion: kuchnia


kuchnia

links: kitchen kitchen

glosses: kitchen (room or area for preparing food)

glosses: cuisine (characteristic style of preparing food)

szl-noun

dim: kuchynka

adj: kuchynny

expansion: kuchnia f (diminutive kuchynka, related adjective kuchynny)

forms:
kuchynka (diminutive)
kuchynny (adjective)
kuchnia (nominative singular)
kuchnie (nominative plural)
kuchnie (genitive singular)
kuchniōw (genitive plural)
kuchni (dative singular)
kuchnie (dative plural)
kuchniã (accusative singular)
kuchnie (accusative plural)
kuchniōm (instrumental singular)
kuchniami (instrumental plural)
kuchniōma (instrumental plural)
kuchni (locative singular)
kuchniach (locative plural)
kuchnio (singular vocative)
kuchnie (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Silesian kuchnia
Inherited from Old Polish kuchnia.

etymon

szl

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Silesian kuchnia
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Feminine nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*quoquō", "lang_name" : "Latin", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to be cooking", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "cook", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pekʷ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic present", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pékʷeti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kʷekʷō", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquō", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "possessive", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "e-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "vrddhi", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "relational adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives of materials", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-īnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-īnus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīnus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīna", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "cocīna", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*kukinā", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old High German", "term" : "chuhhina", "lang" : "goh" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Silesian", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "szl" }" data-id="kitchen" data-lang="szl" data-title="kuchnia" id="Silesian:_kitchen">
Inherited from Old Polish kuchnia.


resurfaces

links: resurface resurface#English

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of resurface

pos: verb

head

en

verb form

expansion: resurfaces


resurfacing

glosses: present participle and gerund of resurface

expansion: resurfacing


resurfacing

text: the need for frequent road resurfacings

type: example

text: The researchers measured the number of resurfacings per minute by each dolphin.

glosses: The act of coming above the surface again.

links: reappearance reappearance

links: reoccurrence reoccurrence

raw_glosses: (figurative) A reappearance or reoccurrence.

en-noun

expansion: resurfacing (plural resurfacings)

forms: resurfacings (plural)


шапка-ушанка

links: ushanka ushanka

links: cap cap

glosses: ushanka cap (traditional Russian fur cap with ear flaps)

ru-noun+

уша́нка

expansion: ша́пка-уша́нка • (šápka-ušánka) f inan (genitive ша́пки-уша́нки, nominative plural ша́пки-уша́нки, genitive plural ша́пок-уша́нок)

forms:
ша́пка-уша́нка (canonical feminine inanimate)
šápka-ušánka (romanization)
ша́пки-уша́нки (genitive)
ша́пки-уша́нки (nominative plural)
ша́пок-уша́нок (genitive plural)
ша́пка-уша́нка (nominative singular)
ша́пки-уша́нки (nominative plural)
ша́пки-уша́нки (genitive singular)
ша́пок-уша́нок (genitive plural)
ша́пке-уша́нке (dative singular)
ша́пкам-уша́нкам (dative plural)
ша́пку-уша́нку (accusative singular)
ша́пки-уша́нки (accusative plural)
ша́пкой-уша́нкой (instrumental singular)
ша́пкою-уша́нкою (instrumental singular)
ша́пками-уша́нками (instrumental plural)
ша́пке-уша́нке (prepositional singular)
ша́пках-уша́нках (plural prepositional)

ipa: [ˈʂapkə ʊˈʂankə]


kuchenka

links: cooking cooking#Noun

links: stove stove

links: hob hob

links: cooker cooker

raw_glosses: (cooking) stove, hob, cooker (device for heating food)

pl-noun

expansion: kuchenka f

forms:
kuchenka (nominative singular)
kuchenki (nominative plural)
kuchenki (genitive singular)
kuchenek (genitive plural)
kuchence (dative singular)
kuchenkom (dative plural)
kuchenkę (accusative singular)
kuchenki (accusative plural)
kuchenką (instrumental singular)
kuchenkami (instrumental plural)
kuchence (locative singular)
kuchenkach (locative plural)
kuchenko (singular vocative)
kuchenki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Polish kuchnia
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish kuchenka
From kuchnia + -ka.

ety

kuchnia

-ka

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin *quoquō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Old Latin -os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnusnom.
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Polish kuchnia
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish kuchenka
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "kitchen", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Feminine nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*quoquō", "lang_name" : "Latin", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to cook", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to be cooking", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "cook", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pekʷ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic present", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pékʷeti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kʷekʷō", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquō", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "possessive", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "e-grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "vrddhi", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ós", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "relational adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives of materials", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-iHnos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-īnos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-īnus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīnus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "coquīna", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "cocīna", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*kukinā", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old High German", "term" : "chuhhina", "lang" : "goh" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "kuchnia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "kuchenka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="kuchenka">
From kuchnia + -ka.

rhymes: -ɛnka

homophone: Kuchenka


debess

links: sky sky

head

ltg

g: f

diminutive

debeseits

or

debesteņš

expansion: debess f (diminutive debeseits or debesteņš)

ltg-noun

debeseits

dim2: debesteņš

forms:
debeseits (diminutive)
debesteņš (diminutive)
debess (nominative singular)
debeši (nominative plural)
dabasi (nominative plural)
debeša (genitive singular)
debešu (genitive plural)
dabasu (genitive plural)
debešam (dative singular)
debešim (dative plural)
dabasim (dative plural)
debesi (accusative singular)
debešus (accusative plural)
dabasus (accusative plural)
debesi (instrumental singular)
debešim (instrumental plural)
dabasim (instrumental plural)
debesī (locative singular)
debešim (locative plural)
dabasim (locative plural)
debess (singular vocative)
debeši (plural vocative)
dabasi (plural vocative)

etymology_text: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nébas. Cognates include Latvian debess and Lithuanian debesis.

dercat

ine-pro

inh

ine-bsl-pro

*nébas

expansion: Proto-Balto-Slavic *nébas

cog

lv

debess

expansion: Latvian debess

lt

debesis

expansion: Lithuanian debesis

ipa: [ˈdʲæbʲæss]

parts: de bess


debess

links: astronomy astronomy

links: theology theology

links: heaven heaven

links: paradise paradise

raw_glosses: (chiefly in the plural, theology) heaven, paradise

links: cloud cloud

links: mākonis mākonis#Latvian

raw_glosses: (chiefly in the plural, archaic) cloud (compare mākonis)

head

6th declension

or

or

expansion: debess f (6th declension)

lv-noun

f

lv-decl-noun

debe

s

s

s

lv-decl-noun-table

debess

debesi

debesis

debess

debesu

debesij

debesīm

debesi

debesīm

debesī

debesīs

debess

debesis

forms:
debess (nominative singular)
debesis (nominative plural)
debess (genitive singular)
debesu (genitive plural)
debesij (dative singular)
debesīm (dative plural)
debesi (accusative singular)
debesis (accusative plural)
debesi (instrumental singular)
debesīm (instrumental plural)
debesī (locative singular)
debesīs (locative plural)
debess (singular vocative)
debesis (plural vocative)

etymology_text: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nébas.


łazienka

links: bathroom bathroom

pl-noun

expansion: łazienka f

forms:
łazienka (nominative singular)
łazienki (nominative plural)
łazienki (genitive singular)
łazienek (genitive plural)
łazience (dative singular)
łazienkom (dative plural)
łazienkę (accusative singular)
łazienki (accusative plural)
łazienką (instrumental singular)
łazienkami (instrumental plural)
łazience (locative singular)
łazienkach (locative plural)
łazienko (singular vocative)
łazienki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Polish łaźnia
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish łazienka
From łaźnia (“a bathhouse”) + -ka.

ety

:af

łaźnia<t:a bathhouse>

expansion:
Etymology tree
Polish łaźnia
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish łazienka
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "łazienka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="łazienka">
From łaźnia (“a bathhouse”) + -ka.


toaleta

links: toilet toilet

links: restroom restroom

links: lavatory lavatory

cs-noun

dim: toaletka

adj: toaletní

expansion: toaleta f (relational adjective toaletní, diminutive toaletka)

forms:
toaletní (adjective relational)
toaletka (diminutive)
toaleta (nominative singular)
toalety (nominative plural)
toalety (genitive singular)
toalet (genitive plural)
toaletě (dative singular)
toaletám (dative plural)
toaletu (accusative singular)
toalety (accusative plural)
toaleto (singular vocative)
toalety (plural vocative)
toaletě (locative singular)
toaletách (locative plural)
toaletou (instrumental singular)
toaletami (instrumental plural)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
French toile
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Italic *-tosder.?
Late Latin -ittus
Old French -et
Middle French -et
French -etder.
French -ette
French toilettebor.
Czech toaleta
Borrowed from French toilette.

cs

expansion:
Etymology tree
French toile
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Italic *-tosder.?
Late Latin -ittus
Old French -et
Middle French -et
French -etder.
French -ette
French toilettebor.
Czech toaleta
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "cloth", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "toile", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "fr" }, { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-tos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "-ittus", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-et", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "-et", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-et", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-ette", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "toilette", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Czech", "term" : "toaleta", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "cs" }" data-lang="cs" data-title="toaleta">
Borrowed from French toilette.

ipa: [ˈtoalɛta]

audio: LL-Q9056 (ces)-Ghost4Man-toaleta.wav


toaleta

links: WC WC

dsb-noun

expansion: toaleta f

toale

t

forms:
toaleta (nominative singular)
toaleśe (dual nominative)
toalety (nominative plural)
toalety (genitive singular)
toaletowu (dual genitive)
toaletow (genitive plural)
toaleśe (dative singular)
toaletoma (dative dual)
toaletam (dative plural)
toaletu (accusative singular)
toaleśe (accusative dual)
toalety (accusative plural)
toaletu (instrumental singular)
toaletoma (dual instrumental)
toaletami (instrumental plural)
toaleśe (locative singular)
toaletoma (dual locative)
toaletach (locative plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from German Toilette, from French toilette.

bor

dsb

de

Toilette

expansion: German Toilette

der

fr

toilette

expansion: French toilette

rhymes: -ɛta


toaleta

links: loo loo

links: toilette toilette

forms:
toaleta (nominative singular)
toalety (nominative plural)
toalety (genitive singular)
toalet (genitive plural)
toalecie (dative singular)
toaletom (dative plural)
toaletę (accusative singular)
toalety (accusative plural)
toaletą (instrumental singular)
toaletami (instrumental plural)
toalecie (locative singular)
toaletach (locative plural)
toaleto (singular vocative)
toalety (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
French toile
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Italic *-tosder.?
Late Latin -ittus
Old French -et
Middle French -et
French -etder.
French -ette
French toilettebor.
Polish toaleta
Borrowed from French toilette.

ety

expansion:
Etymology tree
French toile
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Italic *-tosder.?
Late Latin -ittus
Old French -et
Middle French -et
French -etder.
French -ette
French toilettebor.
Polish toaleta
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "cloth", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "toile", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "fr" }, { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "diminutive", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-tos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "-ittus", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-et", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "-et", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-et", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-ette", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "toilette", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "toaleta", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="toaleta">
Borrowed from French toilette.


toaleta

links: trim trim

ro-verb

toaletează

toaletat

expansion: a toaleta (third-person singular present toaletează, past participle toaletat) 1st conjugation

forms:
a toaleta 1st conjugation (canonical)
toaletează (present singular third-person)
toaletat (participle past)
a toaleta (infinitive)
toaletând (gerund)
toaletat (participle past)
toaletez (first-person indicative present singular)
toaletezi (indicative present second-person singular)
toaletează (indicative present singular third-person)
toaletăm (first-person indicative plural present)
toaletați (indicative plural present second-person)
toaletează (indicative plural present third-person)
toaletam (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
toaletai (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
toaleta (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
toaletam (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
toaletați (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
toaletau (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
toaletai (first-person indicative perfect singular)
toaletași (indicative perfect second-person singular)
toaletă (indicative perfect singular third-person)
toaletarăm (first-person indicative perfect plural)
toaletarăți (indicative perfect plural second-person)
toaletară (indicative perfect plural third-person)
toaletasem (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
toaletaseși (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
toaletase (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
toaletaserăm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
toaletaserăți (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
toaletaseră (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
să toaletez (first-person present singular subjunctive)
să toaletezi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
să toaleteze (present singular subjunctive third-person)
să toaletăm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
să toaletați (plural present second-person subjunctive)
să toaleteze (plural present subjunctive third-person)
toaletează (imperative second-person singular)
toaletați (imperative plural second-person)
nu toaleta (imperative negative second-person singular)
nu toaletați (imperative negative plural second-person)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French toiletter.

bor+

ro

toiletter

expansion: Borrowed from French toiletter


ushanka

text: I have no idea why he's wearing a ushanka in triple digit heat; bro's forehead must be drenched in sweat.

links: traditional traditional#Adjective

links: Russian Russia#Adjective

links: fur fur#Noun

links: cap cap#Noun

links: earflap earflap

glosses: A traditional Russian fur cap with earflaps.

en-noun

expansion: ushanka (plural ushankas)

forms: ushankas (plural)

oesjanka

code: af

ushanka

code: sq

uşanka

code: az

бүрек

code: ba

roman: bürek

вуша́нка

code: be

roman: vušánka

ша́пка-вуша́нка

roman: šápka-vušánka

ouchanka

code: br

уша́нка

code: bg

roman: ušánka

uixanka

code: ca

code: cmn

note: 俄羅斯帽子 /俄罗斯帽子 (Éluósī màozi, literally “Russian hat”)

note: 護耳冬帽 /护耳冬帽 (hùěrdōngmào, literally “ear-protecting winter hat”)

雷鋒帽 /雷锋帽

roman: Léifēng mào

羅宋帽 /罗宋帽

code: wuu

roman: Shanghainese: ⁶lu son mau, Suzhounese: ²lou son⁵ mau⁶

雷鋒帽 /雷锋帽

roman: Shanghainese: ⁶le fon mau

ušanka

code: cs

oesjanka

code: nl

uŝanko

code: eo

code: et

note: läkiläki (traditional Estonian winter hat from fur and with earflaps)

note: karbus (ushanka; a winterhat from fur and with earflaps)

note: kõrvik ("something with huge ears" translation-loan from ushanka)

kõrvikmüts

english: a hat with earflaps

translation: a hat with earflaps

naapukka

code: fi

ouchanka

code: fr

Uschanka

code: de

usánka

code: hu

ushanka

code: id

colbacco

code: it

ウシャンカ

code: ja

roman: ushanka

ロシア帽

alt: ロシアぼう

roman: Roshia-bō

құлақшын

code: kk

roman: qūlaqşyn

우샨카

code: ko

roman: usyanka

ausaine

code: lv

ausinė kepurė

code: lt

ušanka

code: lmo

у́шанка

code: mk

roman: úšanka

उशांका

code: mr

roman: uśāṅkā

usjanka

code: nb

usjanka

code: nn

اوشانکا

code: fa

roman: ušânkâ

uszanka

code: pl

ushanka

code: pt

ușanca

code: ro

уша́нка

code: ru

ша́пка-уша́нка

roman: šápka-ušánka

шу̀бара

code: sh

ushanka

code: es

usjanka

code: sv

uşanka

code: tr

вуша́нка

code: uk

капелю́ха

roman: kapeljúxa

toke rûsse

code: wa

ushanka

code: cy

etymology_text: Borrowed from Russian уша́нка (ušánka), from у́ши (úši) (the accusative or nominative plural of у́хо (úxo, “ear”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”), from *h₂ew- (“to see; to be aware of, perceive”) with a shift of meaning) + -а́нка (-ánka) (variant of -я́нка (-jánka, suffix forming names of specific objects)).

bor

ru

уша́нка

expansion: Russian уша́нка (ušánka)

glossary

accusative

expansion: accusative


ushanka

links: ushanka ushanka

pt-noun

expansion: ushanka f (plural ushankas)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Russian уша́нка (ušánka).

ety

pt

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Russian", "term" : "уша́нка", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ru" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "ushanka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }" data-lang="pt" data-title="ushanka">
Borrowed from Russian уша́нка (ušánka).

parts: u shan ka


piwnica

links: cellar cellar

links: basement basement

glosses: cellar, basement (enclosed underground space, often under a building, used for storage or shelter)

text: Piwnica pod Baranami

translation: The Basement

english: The Basement

literal_meaning: Cellar under the Rams

links: establishment establishment

glosses: basement establishment (catering or artistic establishment based in an underground room)

raw_glosses: (archaic) cellar (stock of liquor, especially wines, stored in an underground room)

pl-noun

dim: piwniczka

adj: piwniczny

expansion: piwnica f (diminutive piwniczka, related adjective piwniczny)

forms:
piwniczka (diminutive)
piwniczny (adjective)
piwnica (nominative singular)
piwnice (nominative plural)
piwnicy (genitive singular)
piwnic (genitive plural)
piwnicy (dative singular)
piwnicom (dative plural)
piwnicę (accusative singular)
piwnice (accusative plural)
piwnicą (instrumental singular)
piwnicami (instrumental plural)
piwnicy (locative singular)
piwnicach (locative plural)
piwnico (singular vocative)
piwnice (plural vocative)
piewnica (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *pivьnъ
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kas
Proto-Slavic *-ica
Proto-Slavic *pivьnica
Polish piwnica
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pivьnica. By surface analysis, piwo + -nica.

pl

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *pivьnъ
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kas
Proto-Slavic *-ica
Proto-Slavic *pivьnica
Polish piwnica
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "piwnica", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="piwnica">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pivьnica.

surf

piwo

-nica

expansion: By surface analysis, piwo + -nica

rhymes: -it͡sa


resurfacer

links: resurface resurface

en-noun

expansion: resurfacer (plural resurfacers)

forms: resurfacers (plural)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
Middle French surfacebor.
English surface
English resurface
English -er
English resurfacer
From resurface + -er.

ety

resurface

-er

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
Middle French surfacebor.
English surface
English resurface
English -er
English resurfacer
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "again", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*wre-", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "re-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "surface", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "surface", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "resurface", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-er", "status" : "ambiguous", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "resurfacer", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="resurfacer">
From resurface + -er.


resurfacers

links: resurfacer resurfacer#English

head

noun form

expansion: resurfacers


sypialnia

links: bedroom bedroom

links: derogatory derogatory

links:
dormitory suburb
dormitory suburb

links: neighborhood neighborhood

links: residential residential

raw_glosses: (informal, derogatory) dormitory suburb; a remote neighborhood of a city consisting exclusively of residential buildings

pl-noun

expansion: sypialnia f

pl-decl-noun-f

genp: sypialni/sypialń

forms:
sypialnia (nominative singular)
sypialnie (nominative plural)
sypialni (genitive singular)
sypialni (genitive plural)
sypialń (genitive plural)
sypialni (dative singular)
sypialniom (dative plural)
sypialnię (accusative singular)
sypialnie (accusative plural)
sypialnią (instrumental singular)
sypialniami (instrumental plural)
sypialni (locative singular)
sypialniach (locative plural)
sypialnio (singular vocative)
sypialnie (plural vocative)

etymology_text: From sypiać + -alnia. Coined by Cnapius.

af

sypiać

-alnia

expansion: sypiać + -alnia

coin

Cnapius

expansion: Coined by Cnapius

rhymes: -alɲa


pralka

text: Włóż do pralki twój dres i ubrania Wojtka.

translation: Put your tracksuit and Wojtek's clothes in the washing machine.

links:
washing machine
washing machine

pl-noun

expansion: pralka f

forms:
pralka (nominative singular)
pralki (nominative plural)
pralki (genitive singular)
pralek (genitive plural)
pralce (dative singular)
pralkom (dative plural)
pralkę (accusative singular)
pralki (accusative plural)
pralką (instrumental singular)
pralkami (instrumental plural)
pralce (locative singular)
pralkach (locative plural)
pralko (singular vocative)
pralki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Proto-Slavic *pьràti
Old Polish prać
Polish prać
Proto-Slavic *-aľь
Polish -al
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -alka
Polish pralka
From prać + -alka.

ety

prać

-alka

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Proto-Slavic *pьràti
Old Polish prać
Polish prać
Proto-Slavic *-aľь
Polish -al
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -alka
Polish pralka
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "beat", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*per-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*pьràti", "gloss" : "to beat, to wash", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "prać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "prać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-aľь", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-alka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "pralka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="pralka">
From prać + -alka.

rhymes: -alka


resubmerge

text: The damaged submarine came up successfully, but was incapable of resubmerging and was captured on the surface.

links: submerge submerge

en-verb

expansion: resubmerge (third-person singular simple present resubmerges, present participle resubmerging, simple past and past participle resubmerged)

forms:
resubmerges (present singular third-person)
resubmerging (participle present)
resubmerged (participle past)
resubmerged (past)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English submerge
English resubmerge
From re- + submerge.

re-

submerge

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English submerge
English resubmerge
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "again", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*wre-", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "re-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "re-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "submerge", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "resubmerge", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="resubmerge">
From re- + submerge.


resubmerges

links: resubmerge resubmerge#English

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of resubmerge

head

verb form

expansion: resubmerges


resubmerging

glosses: present participle and gerund of resubmerge

expansion: resubmerging


resubmerged

glosses: simple past and past participle of resubmerge

expansion: resubmerged


retouching

links: retouch retouch#English

glosses: present participle and gerund of retouch

expansion: retouching


retouching

links: retouch retouch

en-noun

expansion: retouching (plural retouchings)

forms: retouchings (plural)


retouches

head

expansion: retouches


retouches

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of retouch


retouches

links: retoucher retoucher#French

glosses: second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of retoucher

fr


pralnia

text: Zabieram do pralni mój własny proszek do prania.

translation: I take my own washing powder to the laundry.

links: laundry laundry

glosses: laundry (place where laundering is done)

text: Przynieś z pralni na parterze wyprane poszwy.

translation: Bring washed duvet covers from the laundry room on the ground floor.

links: room room

glosses: laundry room (room where laundering is done)

pl-noun

expansion: pralnia f

pl-decl-noun-f

pral

ni

forms:
pralnia (nominative singular)
pralnie (nominative plural)
pralni (genitive singular)
pralni (genitive plural)
pralni (dative singular)
pralniom (dative plural)
pralnię (accusative singular)
pralnie (accusative plural)
pralnią (instrumental singular)
pralniami (instrumental plural)
pralni (locative singular)
pralniach (locative plural)
pralnio (singular vocative)
pralnie (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Proto-Slavic *pьràti
Old Polish prać
Polish prać
Proto-Slavic *-aľь
Polish -al
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-n-yeh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-injāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ьňà
Old Polish -nia
Polish -nia
Polish -alnia
Polish pralnia
From prać (“to wash, to do laundry”) + -alnia.

ety

prać<t:to wash, to do laundry>

-alnia

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Proto-Slavic *pьràti
Old Polish prać
Polish prać
Proto-Slavic *-aľь
Polish -al
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-n-yeh₂
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-injāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ьňà
Old Polish -nia
Polish -nia
Polish -alnia
Polish pralnia
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "beat", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*per-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*pьràti", "gloss" : "to beat, to wash", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "prać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "prać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-aľь", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "feminine", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "feminine", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "feminine", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-i-n-yeh₂", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yeh₂", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-injāˀ", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ьňà", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-nia", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-nia", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-alnia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "pralnia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="pralnia">
From prać (“to wash, to do laundry”) + -alnia.


lodówka

links: refrigerator refrigerator

links: icebox icebox

links:
long-tailed duck
long-tailed duck

links:
Clangula hyemalis
Clangula hyemalis#Translingual

pl-noun

dim: lodóweczka

aug: lodówa

expansion: lodówka f (diminutive lodóweczka, augmentative lodówa)

forms:
lodóweczka (diminutive)
lodówa (augmentative)
lodówka (nominative singular)
lodówki (nominative plural)
lodówki (genitive singular)
lodówek (genitive plural)
lodówce (dative singular)
lodówkom (dative plural)
lodówkę (accusative singular)
lodówki (accusative plural)
lodówką (instrumental singular)
lodówkami (instrumental plural)
lodówce (locative singular)
lodówkach (locative plural)
lodówko (singular vocative)
lodówki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-u-s?
Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús
Proto-Slavic *lȅdъ
Old Polish lód
Polish lód
Proto-Indo-European *-usder.
Proto-Indo-European *-osder.
Proto-Slavic *-ovъ
Old Polish -owy
Polish -owy
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -ówka
Polish lodówka
From lód + -ówka.

lód

-ówka

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-u-s?
Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús
Proto-Slavic *lȅdъ
Old Polish lód
Polish lód
Proto-Indo-European *-usder.
Proto-Indo-European *-osder.
Proto-Slavic *-ovъ
Old Polish -owy
Polish -owy
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -ówka
Polish lodówka
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ledʰ-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ledʰ-u-s", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*ledús", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*lȅdъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "lód", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "lód", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectival", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectival", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "of", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "Caland system", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-us", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ovъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-owy", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-owy", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ówka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "lodówka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="lodówka">
From lód + -ówka.

rhymes: -ufka


retaking

links: retake retake#English

head

en

expansion: retaking


retaking

text: Second, they argue that giving the original owner a take-back option might lead to an infinite sequence of takings and retakings if the exercise price for the take-back option (i.e., the damages assessed at each round) is set too low.

ref: 2010, Ian Ayres, Optional Law: The Structure of Legal Entitlements, page 75:

en-noun

expansion: retaking (plural retakings)

forms: retakings (plural)


suszarka

text: suszarka bębnowa

translation: tumble dryer

english: tumble dryer

links: dryer dryer

glosses: dryer (appliance that removes water from something)

links: hairdryer hairdryer

links: drying drying

links: rack rack

links: drainer drainer

links: airer airer

links:
radar gun
radar gun

pl-noun

expansion: suszarka f

forms:
suszarka (nominative singular)
suszarki (nominative plural)
suszarki (genitive singular)
suszarek (genitive plural)
suszarce (dative singular)
suszarkom (dative plural)
suszarkę (accusative singular)
suszarki (accusative plural)
suszarką (instrumental singular)
suszarkami (instrumental plural)
suszarce (locative singular)
suszarkach (locative plural)
suszarko (singular vocative)
suszarki (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Indo-European *h₂sowséyeti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *saušīˀtei
Proto-Slavic *sušìti
Old Polish suszyć
Polish suszyć
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzios
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Gothic -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-areis)bor.
Proto-Slavic *-ařь
Old Polish -arz
Polish -arz
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -arka
Polish suszarka
From suszyć + -arka.

ety

suszyć

-arka

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Indo-European *h₂sowséyeti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *saušīˀtei
Proto-Slavic *sušìti
Old Polish suszyć
Polish suszyć
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzios
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Gothic -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-areis)bor.
Proto-Slavic *-ařь
Old Polish -arz
Polish -arz
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Old Polish -ka
Polish -ka
Polish -arka
Polish suszarka
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*saušīˀtei", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*sušìti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "suszyć", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "suszyć", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āzios", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ārijaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Gothic", "term" : "-𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃", "lang" : "got" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ařь", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-arz", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-arz", "lang" : "pl" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-keh₂", "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "inline", "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kāˀ", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъka", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ka", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-arka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "suszarka", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="suszarka">
From suszyć + -arka.

rhymes: -arka


statek

text: soukromý statek

translation: private good

english: private good

text: veřejný statek

translation: public good

english: public good

links: economics economics

links: accounting accounting#Noun

links: good good

links: commodity commodity

links: farm farm

cs-noun

m-in

dim: stateček

expansion: statek m inan (diminutive stateček)

forms:
stateček (diminutive)
statek (nominative singular)
statky (nominative plural)
statku (genitive singular)
statků (genitive plural)
statku (dative singular)
statkům (dative plural)
statek (accusative singular)
statky (accusative plural)
statku (singular vocative)
statky (plural vocative)
statku (locative singular)
statcích (locative plural)
statkem (instrumental singular)
statky (instrumental plural)

cs-ndecl

m

etymology_text: Inherited from Old Czech statek, from Proto-Slavic *statъkъ.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

zlw-ocs

statek

expansion: Old Czech statek

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Old Czech statek

inh

sla-pro

*statъkъ

expansion: Proto-Slavic *statъkъ

ipa: [ˈstatɛk]


statek

links: goods goods

links: property property

links: power power

links: strength strength

links: help help

links: support support

links: benefit benefit

links: profit profit

links: essence essence

glosses: goods, property; power, strength; help, support; benefit, profit, benefit; essence

zlw-ocs-noun

expansion: statek m inan

forms:
statek (nominative singular)
statky (dual nominative)
statci (nominative plural)
statkové (nominative plural)
statka (genitive singular)
statku (genitive singular)
statkú (dual genitive)
statkóv (genitive plural)
statku (dative singular)
statkoma (dative dual)
statkóm (dative plural)
statek (accusative singular)
statky (accusative dual)
statky (accusative plural)
statče (singular vocative)
statky (dual vocative)
statci (plural vocative)
statkové (plural vocative)
statcě (locative singular)
statku (locative singular)
statkú (dual locative)
statciech (locative plural)
statkem (instrumental singular)
statkoma (dual instrumental)
statky (instrumental plural)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Czech statek
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *statъkъ.

ety

zlw-ocs

:inh

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Czech statek
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*steh₂-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*stā́ˀtei", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*stati", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъkъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*statъkъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Czech", "term" : "statek", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-ocs" }" data-lang="zlw-ocs" data-title="statek">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *statъkъ.

note: 13ᵗʰ CE

ipa: /ˈstatɛk/


statek

text: Tamo yesd sdlucla yego stadky y pobrala yesd ryb

ref: 1959 [1427], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1267, Poznań:

text: Iako Maczey otbegll statca a Petrasz mu go ne pokradl

ref: 1959 [1396], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 207, Poznań:

links: personalty personalty

links: chattel chattel

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland) personalty, chattel (movable property, especially apartment equipment, livestock)

qualifier: attested in Greater Poland

text: Nyeboze, proszy boga za myø, nadznyka, o sthatek wszyedni

ref: 1839 [End of the 15th century], Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Pamiętniki o dziejach, piśmiennictwie i prawodawstwie Słowian, jako dodatek do historii prawodawstw słowiańskich przez siebie napisanej, volume II, Warsaw, page 352:

links: livelihood livelihood

qualifier: attested in Masovia

text: Est (sc. exemplum) enim de corpore humano, sicud de... instrvmento, statku, ferreo... Instrvmentum, stathek, ferreum, quando indebite exercetur, consumitur siue corrumpitur

ref: 1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 68:

links: tool tool

raw_glosses: (attested in Pomerania, Greater Poland) tool

qualifier: attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland; attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland

text: We statek in effectu

ref: 1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzec, Warsaw, page 485:

links: deed deed

raw_glosses: (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) deed

text: Nye patrz lyczka rumyanego, alye vrzadu a stathku domovego

ref: 1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Radom, Miłosław, page 201:

links: order order

links: orderly orderly

links: action action

raw_glosses: (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) order, orderly action

qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland

text: O nyepokalana dzyevycze Marya, czyebye bog okraszyl przeslycznymy cznotamy y dobrymy statky (moribus pulchris decoravit)

ref: Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 23:

links:
way of life
way of life

links: custom custom

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Polish statek
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *statъkъ. First attested in 1396.

zlw-opl

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Polish statek
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*steh₂-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*stā́ˀtei", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*stati", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъkъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*statъkъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "statek", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" }" data-lang="zlw-opl" data-title="statek">
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *statъkъ. First attested in 1396.

ipa: /statɛk/


statek

links: ship ship

links: craft craft

links: vessel vessel

links: dish dish

raw_glosses: (archaic or dialectal, Kielce, now in the plural) dishes (vessels for food)

links: sedateness sedateness

links: calm calm

links:
settling down
settle down

links: seriousness seriousness

links: takt takt

raw_glosses: (obsolete) sedateness, calm; settling down; seriousness; takt

links: property property

links: estate estate

links: rural rural

raw_glosses: (obsolete or dialectal, Żywiec) property, estate; rural personalty, chattel

links: bydło bydło#Polish

raw_glosses: (obsolete or dialectal, Żywiec) synonym of bydło

links: endurance endurance

links: durability durability

text: Kupiółem wsystkie statki stolarskie.

translation: I bought all of the carpentry tools.

english: I bought all of the carpentry tools.

links: narzędzie narzędzie#Polish

raw_glosses: (Kielce, Far Masovian) synonym of narzędzie

pl-noun

dim: stateczek

adj: statkowy

expansion: statek m inan (diminutive stateczek, related adjective statkowy)

forms:
stateczek (diminutive)
statkowy (adjective)
statek (nominative singular)
statki (nominative plural)
statku (genitive singular)
statków (genitive plural)
statkowi (dative singular)
statkom (dative plural)
statek (accusative singular)
statki (accusative plural)
statkiem (instrumental singular)
statkami (instrumental plural)
statku (locative singular)
statkach (locative plural)
statku (singular vocative)
statki (plural vocative)

pl-decl-noun-m-in

gens: statku

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Polish statek
Polish statek
Inherited from Old Polish statek. Sense 1 is from sense 2; compare English vessel.

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *stā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *stati
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Slavic *-kъ
Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ
Proto-Slavic *statъkъ
Old Polish statek
Polish statek
[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*steh₂-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*stā́ˀtei", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*stati", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-kъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ъkъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*statъkъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "statek", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "statek", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="statek">
Inherited from Old Polish statek.

senseno

ship

expansion: Sense 1

vessel

expansion: sense 2

cog

expansion: English vessel

note: Far Masovian

note: Kielce

note: Żywiec

rhymes: -atɛk