عالم

links: scholar scholar

links:
man of letters
man of letters

links: scientist scientist

links: knowledgeable knowledgeable

links: person person

links: savant savant

ar-noun+

عَالِم

m

pl: +,عُلَمَاء

expansion: عَالِم • (ʕālim) m (plural عَالِمُون (ʕālimūn) or عُلَمَاء (ʕulamāʔ), feminine عَالِمَة (ʕālima))

forms:
عَالِم (canonical masculine)
ʕālim (romanization)
عَالِمُون (plural)
عُلَمَاء (plural)
عَالِمَة (feminine)
عَالِم (indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِم (definite informal masculine singular triptote)
عَالِم (construct informal masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَة (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَة (ar-infl-a definite feminine informal singular triptote)
عَالِمَة (ar-infl-a construct feminine informal singular triptote)
عَالِمٌ (indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْعَالِمُ (definite masculine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمُ (construct masculine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَةٌ (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَةُ (ar-infl-a definite feminine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَةُ (ar-infl-a construct feminine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمًا (accusative indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَ (accusative definite masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَ (accusative construct masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَةً (accusative ar-infl-a feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite feminine singular triptote)
عَالِمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct feminine singular triptote)
عَالِمٍ (genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِمِ (definite genitive masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمِ (construct genitive masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَةٍ (ar-infl-a feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَةِ (ar-infl-a definite feminine genitive singular triptote)
عَالِمَةِ (ar-infl-a construct feminine genitive singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْن (dual indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَيْن (definite dual informal masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْ (construct dual informal masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine informal singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine informal singular triptote)
عَالِمَانِ (dual indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَانِ (definite dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَا (construct dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَيْنِ (accusative definite dual masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْ (accusative construct dual masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual feminine singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual feminine singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَيْنِ (definite dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَيْ (construct dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَالِمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
عَالِمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
عَالِمِين (broken-form diptote indefinite informal masculine plural)
عَالِمِين (indefinite informal masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاء (broken-form diptote indefinite informal masculine plural)
عُلَمَاء (indefinite informal masculine plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمِين (broken-form definite diptote informal masculine plural)
الْعَالِمِين (definite informal masculine plural sound-form)
الْعُلَمَاء (broken-form definite diptote informal masculine plural)
الْعُلَمَاء (definite informal masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمِي (broken-form construct diptote informal masculine plural)
عَالِمِي (construct informal masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاء (broken-form construct diptote informal masculine plural)
عُلَمَاء (construct informal masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَالِمَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَالِمُونَ (broken-form diptote indefinite masculine nominative plural)
عَالِمُونَ (indefinite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءُ (broken-form diptote indefinite masculine nominative plural)
عُلَمَاءُ (indefinite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمُونَ (broken-form definite diptote masculine nominative plural)
الْعَالِمُونَ (definite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
الْعُلَمَاءُ (broken-form definite diptote masculine nominative plural)
الْعُلَمَاءُ (definite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
عَالِمُو (broken-form construct diptote masculine nominative plural)
عَالِمُو (construct masculine nominative plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءُ (broken-form construct diptote masculine nominative plural)
عُلَمَاءُ (construct masculine nominative plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَالِمِينَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite masculine plural)
عَالِمِينَ (accusative indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite masculine plural)
عُلَمَاءَ (accusative indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمِينَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote masculine plural)
الْعَالِمِينَ (accusative definite masculine plural sound-form)
الْعُلَمَاءَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote masculine plural)
الْعُلَمَاءَ (accusative definite masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمِي (accusative broken-form construct diptote masculine plural)
عَالِمِي (accusative construct masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote masculine plural)
عُلَمَاءَ (accusative construct masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
عَالِمِينَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite masculine plural)
عَالِمِينَ (genitive indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite masculine plural)
عُلَمَاءَ (genitive indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمِينَ (broken-form definite diptote genitive masculine plural)
الْعَالِمِينَ (definite genitive masculine plural sound-form)
الْعُلَمَاءِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive masculine plural)
الْعُلَمَاءِ (definite genitive masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمِي (broken-form construct diptote genitive masculine plural)
عَالِمِي (construct genitive masculine plural sound-form)
عُلَمَاءِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive masculine plural)
عُلَمَاءِ (construct genitive masculine plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَالِمَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
عَالِمَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

ar-decl-gendered-noun

pl: عَالِمُون

pl2: عُلَمَاء

আলেম

roman: alem

ғалым

roman: ğalym

аалым

roman: aalım

عالم

roman: ʿālim

عالم

roman: 'âlem

عالم

roman: ālim

etymology_text: Derived from the active participle of the verb عَلِمَ (ʕalima, “to know”), from the root ع ل م (ʕ l m).

etymon

عَلِمَ<id:to know>

ar-active participle

expansion: Derived from the active participle

ar-root

ع ل م

expansion: ع ل م (ʕ l m)


عالم

links: teacher teacher

pos: noun

head

plk

noun

tr: 'alim

expansion: عالم ('alim)

forms: 'alim (romanization)


عالم

links: world world

text: كان في كتير عالم هنيك.

roman: kān fi ktīr ʕālam hunīk.

translation: There were a lot of people there.

english: There were a lot of people there.

type: example

links: people people

links: folk folk

apc-noun

g: m

tr: ʕālam

pl: عوالم

pltr: ʕwālim

expansion: عالم • (ʕālam) m (plural عوالم (ʕwālim))

forms:
ʕālam (romanization)
عوالم (plural)

etymology_text: Inherited from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).

ety

apc

:inh

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "North Levantine Arabic", "term" : "عالم", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "apc" }" data-lang="apc" data-title="عالم">
Inherited from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).


عالم

text:
دَرْبَیَانِ سَبَبِ تَالِیفِ كِتَابْ
وَسَبَبِ تَالِیفِ كِتَابْ بُودُرْكِیمْ حَضِرَتِ پَاشَاهِ عَالَمْ پَنَاهُكْ آسِتَانَهِٔ دَوْلَتْ آشِیَانِنَه وَدَرِ سَعَادَتْ بِخْشِنَه طَوَایِفِ دَهْرِ كَامِللَرٖی اَنْوَاعِ فُنُونْدَنْ تُحْفَهلَرْ كَتُورْمِشْلَرْدُرْكِمْ دَوْلَتْلُو خُدَاوَنْدِكَارِك هِمَّتِ بٖیهَمْتَاسٖیلَه عَالَمْدَه وُجُودْ بُولُوبْ نَامِ نِشَانْ صَاحِبْلَرٖی اُولَهلَرْ

ref: 1521, Piri Reis, کتاب بحریه [Kitab-ı Bahriye, Book of the Sea]:

english:
the reason of the composition of the book
 the reason of the composition of this book is thus: the most perfect people of the world brought gifts of various sciences to the heavenly state city of the world's sultan and to its gate of happiness, so that with the grace and favor of the sultan, their names were made eternal in the world.

roman: Kitab-ı Bahriye

type: quotation

links: universe universe

links: except except

links: God God

links: age age

links: time time

links: period period

head

ota

tr: ʼalem

plural

عالمون

f1tr: ʼalemun

and

عوالم

f2tr: ʼewalim

expansion: عالم • (ʼalem) (plural عالمون (ʼalemun), and عوالم (ʼewalim))

forms:
ʼalem (romanization)
عالمون (plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).

etymon

:bor

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Aramaic", "term" : "עָלְמָא", "lang" : "arc" }, { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Classical Syriac", "term" : "ܥܳܠܡܳܐ", "lang" : "syc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ottoman Turkish", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "ota" }" data-id="world" data-lang="ota" data-title="عالم" id="Ottoman_Turkish:_world">
Borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).


عالم

links: learned learned

links: man man

date: since Mehmed II

links: particularly particularly

links: certain certain

links: class class

links: of of

links: state state

links: tenure tenure

links: mufti mufti

links: askeri askeri

links: alim alim

glosses: particularly, a member of a certain class of men with a state-sponsored tenure, as distinguished from a mufti, being part of the askeri class, alim

head

tr: alim

علما

f1tr: ulema

علام

f2tr: ullam

expansion: عالم • (alim) (plural علما (ulema), and علام (ullam))

forms:
alim (romanization)
علما (plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim).

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "scholar", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to know", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "root", "children" : [ ], "status" : "redlink", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "ع ل م", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَلِمَ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ottoman Turkish", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "ota" }" data-id="world" data-lang="ota" data-title="عالم" id="Ottoman_Turkish:_world">
Borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim).


عالم

text: عالم بر خاتون

roman: alim bir hatun

translation: a learned lady

english: a learned lady

links: educated educated

pos: adj

adjective

expansion: عالم • (alim)

forms: alim (romanization)


عالم

text:
کین جهان چاهیست بس تاریک و تنگ
هست بیرون عالمی بی بو و رنگ

ref: c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 64:

english: [Saying,] "This world is an exceeding dark and narrow pit; outside is a world without scent or colour."

roman:
k-in jahān čāhī-st bas tārīk u tang
hast bērūn 'ālamē bē bū u rang

text:
زیرکی را گفتم این احوال بین خندید و گفت
صعب روزی بوالعجب کاری پریشان عالمی

ref: late 1300s, Xwāja Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ-i Shērāzī, “Ghazal 470 (Sīna mālāmāl-i dard ast)”, in دیوان حافظ [Dīwān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

english:
I said to a wise one, "Look at these conditions!" He laughed and said,
"A difficult day, a strange affair, a perplexing world!"

roman:
zīrakē rā goftam in ahwāl bīn, xandīd u goft
sa'b rōzī, bul-'ajab kārī, parēšān 'ālamī

links: world world

links: universe universe

fa-noun

head: عالَم

tr: 'âlam

expansion: عالَم • ('âlam)

forms:
عالَم (canonical)
'âlam (romanization)

আলম

roman: alom

આલમ

roman: ālam

аьлаьм

roman: äläm

etymon

fa

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Aramaic", "term" : "עָלְמָא", "lang" : "arc" }, { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Classical Syriac", "term" : "ܥܳܠܡܳܐ", "lang" : "syc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Persian", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "fa" }" data-id="world" data-lang="fa" data-title="عالم" id="Persian:_world">
Borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).

note: Hazaragi

rhymes: -am


عالم

links: knowledgeable knowledgeable

fa-adj

head: عالِم

tr: 'âlem

expansion: عالِم • ('âlem)

forms:
عالِم (canonical)
'âlem (romanization)

علم

english: knowledge; 'elm

translation: knowledge; 'elm

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "scholar", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to know", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "root", "children" : [ ], "status" : "redlink", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "ع ل م", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَلِمَ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Persian", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "fa" }" data-id="knowledgeable" data-lang="fa" data-title="عالم" id="Persian:_knowledgeable">
Borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).

root

ar

ع ل م

rhymes: -im


عالم

links: kingdom kingdom

links: condition condition

pa-noun

m

gur: ਆਲਮ

expansion: عالَم • (ʻālam) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਲਮ)

forms:
عالَم (canonical masculine)
ʻālam (romanization)
ਆਲਮ (Gurmukhi)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Aramaic עָלְמָאbor.
Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐbor.
Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam)bor.
Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam)bor.
Punjabi عالم
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam), borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam), borrowed from Aramaic עָלְמָא or Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐ.

etymon

pa

expansion:
Etymology tree
Aramaic עָלְמָאbor.
Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐbor.
Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam)bor.
Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam)bor.
Punjabi عالم
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Aramaic", "term" : "עָלְמָא", "lang" : "arc" }, { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Classical Syriac", "term" : "ܥܳܠܡܳܐ", "lang" : "syc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Classical Persian", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "fa-cls" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Punjabi", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "pa" }" data-id="world" data-lang="pa" data-title="عالم" id="Punjabi:_world">
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam), borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam), borrowed from Aramaic עָלְמָא or Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐ.


عالم

links: learned learned

links: intelligent intelligent

links: wise wise

pa-adj

expansion: عالَم • (ʻālam) (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਲਮ)

forms:
عالَم (canonical)
ʻālam (romanization)
ਆਲਮ (Gurmukhi)

عِلْم

roman: ʻilm

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "knowledgeable", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "scholar", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to know", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "root", "children" : [ ], "status" : "redlink", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "ع ل م", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَلِمَ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Classical Persian", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "fa-cls" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Punjabi", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "pa" }" data-id="knowledgeable" data-lang="pa" data-title="عالم" id="Punjabi:_knowledgeable">
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالِم (ālim), borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).


عالم

ajp-noun

expansion: عالم • (ʕālam) m

forms: ʕālam (romanization)

ety

ajp

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "South Levantine Arabic", "term" : "عالم", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ajp" }" data-lang="ajp" data-title="عالم">
Inherited from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).

note: Ramallah


عالم

links: aware aware

links: knowing knowing

ajp-adj

tr: ʕālem

f: عالمة

ftr: ʕālme

el: أعلم

eltr: ʔaʕlam

expansion: عالم • (ʕālem) (feminine عالمة (ʕālme), elative أعلم (ʔaʕlam))

forms:
ʕālem (romanization)
عالمة (feminine)
أعلم (elative)

etymology_text: Inherited from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim).

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "South Levantine Arabic", "term" : "عالم", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ajp" }" data-lang="ajp" data-title="عالم">
Inherited from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim).


عالم

links: scholar scholar

links: scientist scientist

ajp-noun

pl: علماء

pltr: ʕulamāʔ

expansion: عالم • (ʕālem) m (plural علماء (ʕulamāʔ), feminine عالمة (ʕālme))

forms:
ʕālem (romanization)
علماء (plural)
عالمة (feminine)


عالم

links: mankind mankind

links: season season

links: state state

links: age age

links: period period

ur-noun

tr: 'ālam

hi: आलम

expansion: عالَم • ('ālam) m (Hindi spelling आलम)

forms:
عالَم (canonical masculine)
'ālam (romanization)
आलम (Hindi)

etymon

ur

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Aramaic", "term" : "עָלְמָא", "lang" : "arc" }, { "id" : "world", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Classical Syriac", "term" : "ܥܳܠܡܳܐ", "lang" : "syc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Classical Persian", "term" : "عَالَم", "lang" : "fa-cls" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Urdu", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "ur" }" data-id="world" data-lang="ur" data-title="عالم" id="Urdu:_world">
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam), borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam), borrowed from Aramaic עָלְמָא or Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐ.

audio: LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-عالَم.wav

rhymes: -əm


عالم

ur-adj

tr: 'ālim

hi: आलिम

expansion: عالِم • ('ālim) (Hindi spelling आलिम)

forms:
عالِم (canonical)
'ālim (romanization)
आलिम (Hindi)

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "knowledgeable", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "scholar", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to know", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "root", "children" : [ ], "status" : "redlink", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "ع ل م", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَلِمَ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Classical Persian", "term" : "عَالِم", "lang" : "fa-cls" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Urdu", "term" : "عالم", "lang" : "ur" }" data-id="knowledgeable" data-lang="ur" data-title="عالم" id="Urdu:_knowledgeable">
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالِم (ālim), borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).

audio: LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-عالِم.wav

rhymes: -ɪm


عالم

links: doctor doctor

ur-noun

expansion: عالم • ('ālim) m (Hindi spelling आलिम)

forms:
'ālim (romanization)
आलिम (Hindi)

علم

roman: 'ilm

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالِم (ālim), borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).


दुनिया

links: world world

bho-noun

g: f

expansion: दुनिया (duniyā) f (Kaithi 𑂠𑂳𑂢𑂱𑂨𑂰)

forms: duniyā (romanization)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

bor

bho

دُنْيَا

expansion: Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)


दुनिया

hi-noun

f

ur: دنیا

expansion: दुनिया • (duniyā) f (Urdu spelling دنیا)

forms:
duniyā (romanization)
دنیا (Urdu)
दुनिया (direct singular)
दुनियाँ (direct plural)
दुनियाएँ (direct plural)
दुनिया (oblique singular)
दुनियों (oblique plural)
दुनियाओं (oblique plural)
दुनिया (singular vocative)
दुनियो (plural vocative)
दुनियाओ (plural vocative)

जग

english: jag

translation: jag

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian دنیا (dunyā), from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Compare Bengali দুনিয়া (duniẏa), Dhivehi ދުނިޔެ (duniye), Gujarati દુનિયા (duniyā), Marathi दुनिया (duniyā), Punjabi ਦੁਨੀਆ (dunīā).

bor+

hi

fa-cls

دنیا

tr: dunyā

cog

bn

দুনিয়া

expansion: Bengali দুনিয়া (duniẏa)

dv

ދުނިޔެ

expansion: Dhivehi ދުނިޔެ (duniye)

gu

દુનિયા

expansion: Gujarati દુનિયા (duniyā)

mr

दुनिया

expansion: Marathi दुनिया (duniyā)

ਦੁਨੀਆ

expansion: Punjabi ਦੁਨੀਆ (dunīā)


दुनिया

head

expansion: दुनिया • (duniyā) f

mr-noun

expansion: दुनिया • (duniyā) f

forms:
duniyā (romanization)
दुनिया
दुनिये
दुनियां-
दुनियेला
दुनियांना
दुनियेने (ergative)
दुनियेनं (ergative)
दुनियांनी (ergative)
दुनियेशी (instrumental)
दुनियांशी (instrumental)
दुनियेत
दुनियांत
दुनियांनो
Locative Note: -त  is a postposition.
दुनियेचा
दुनियेचे
दुनियेची
दुनियेच्या
दुनियेचं
दुनियांचा
दुनियांचे
दुनियांची
दुनियांच्या
दुनियांचं
दुनियांच्या

mr-ndecl-ā-f

दुनिय

duniy

mr-ndecl-base

title: fem ā-stem

dir_sg: दुनिया

dir_sg_tr: duniyā

dir_pl: दुनिया

dir_pl_tr: duniyā

sg_stem: दुनिय

sg_stem_tr: duniy

pl_stem: दुनिया

pl_stem_tr: duniyā

mr-ndecl-base/link

दुनिया

duniyā

दुनिये

duniye

दुनियां-

duniyān-

दुनियेला

duniyelā

दुनियांना

duniyānnā

दुनियेने

duniyene

दुनियेनं

duniyena

दुनियांनी

duniyānnī

दुनियेशी

duniyeśī

दुनियांशी

duniyānśī

दुनियेत

duniyet

दुनियांत

duniyāt

दुनियांनो

duniyānno

दुनियेचा

duniyeċā

दुनियेचे

duniyeċe

दुनियेची

duniyecī

दुनियेच्या

duniyecā

दुनियेचं

duniyeċa

दुनियांचा

duniyānċā

दुनियांचे

duniyānċe

दुनियांची

duniyāñcī

दुनियांच्या

duniyāncā

दुनियांचं

duniyānċa

duniyāñcā

संसार

roman: sausār

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian دنیا (dunyā), from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).


دنیا

head

ckb

noun

sc: ku-Arab

expansion: دنیا (dinya)

forms: dinya (romanization)

etymology_text: From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

bor

ar


دنیا

head

lki


دنیا

links: universe universe

links: realm realm

trk-oat

tr: dünyā

head: دُنْیَا

expansion: دُنْیَا • (dünyā)

forms:
دُنْیَا (canonical)
dünyā (romanization)

دنیا

roman: dünya

адунеи

roman: adunej

դունյա

roman: dunya

дюня́

roman: djunjá

дуня́

roman: dunjá

дуња

roman: dunja

ντουνιάς

roman: ntouniás

etymology_text: Borrowed from Persian دنیا, from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

bor+

fa

expansion: Borrowed from Persian دنیا


دنیا

links: kingdom kingdom

head

ota

tr: dünyâ

expansion: دنیا • (dünyâ)

ota-noun

expansion: دنیا • (dünyâ)

forms:
dünyâ (romanization)
տիւնեա (alternative)

اسكی دنیا

roman: Eski Dünyâ

یكی دنیا

roman: Yeñi Dünyâ

etymology_text: Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish دُنْیَا (dünyā), ultimately from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

trk-oat

دُنْیَا

expansion: Old Anatolian Turkish دُنْیَا (dünyā)


دنیا

fa-noun

cls: دُنْیَا

expansion: دنیا • (dunyā / donyâ) (Tajik spelling дунё)

forms:
dunyā (romanization)
donyâ (romanization)
дунё (Cyrillic Tajik)

دنیوی

roman: dunyawī / donyavi

دنیا

roman: dunyā

دنیا

roman: donyâ

дунё

roman: dunyo

дунае

roman: dunaje

донъя

roman: donʺya

দুনিয়া

roman: duniẏa

دنیا

roman: dinya

ދުނިޔެ

roman: duniye

დუნია

roman: dunia

дүние

roman: dünie

дюнья

roman: dünʹya

дүйнө

roman: düynö

דונייה

roman: dunye

दुनिया

roman: duniyā

дуныя

roman: dunıya

دُنْیَا

roman: dünyā

दुनियांण

roman: duniyā̃ṇ

ਦੁਨੀਆ

roman: dunīā

тонйа

roman: tonya

дөнья

roman: dön-ya

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)bor.
Persian دنیا
Borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā), from أَدْنَى (ʔadnā), from دَنِيّ (daniyy).

etymon

fa

:bor

expansion:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)bor.
Persian دنیا
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nearer", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "near", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "د ن و", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ar" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "د ن ي", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "دَنِيّ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "أَدْنَى", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "دُنْيَا", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Persian", "term" : "دنیا", "lang" : "fa" }" data-id="world" data-lang="fa" data-title="دنیا" id="Persian:_world">
Borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā), from أَدْنَى (ʔadnā), from دَنِيّ (daniyy).

rhymes: -aː

audio: LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دنیا.wav


دنیا

pa-noun

f

tr: dunīā

gur: ਦੁਨੀਆ

head: دُنیا

expansion: دُنیا • (dunīā) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਦੁਨੀਆ)

forms:
دُنیا (canonical feminine)
dunīā (romanization)
ਦੁਨੀਆ (Gurmukhi)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā). First attested as Old Punjabi دُنی (dunī).

bor+

pa

fa-cls

inh

inc-opa

دُنی

expansion: Old Punjabi دُنی (dunī)


دنیا

links: Earth Earth

links: existence existence

links: life life

links: hereafter hereafter#English

glosses: existence, current life (as opposed to the hereafter)

links: society society

links: people people

links: everyone everyone

links: world world#English

glosses: society, all people, everyone (in this world)

links: worldliness worldliness

links: spiritual spiritual#English

raw_glosses: (by extension) worldliness (as opposed to spiritual matters)

links: enjoyment enjoyment

ur-noun

head: دُنْیا

hi: दुनिया

expansion: دُنْیا • (dunyā) f (Hindi spelling दुनिया)

forms:
دُنْیا (canonical feminine)
dunyā (romanization)
दुनिया (Hindi)
دُنْیا (direct singular)
دُنْیائیں (direct plural)
دُنْیا (oblique singular)
دُنْیاؤں (oblique plural)
دُنْیا (singular vocative)
دُنْیاؤ (plural vocative)

ur-decl-noun

دُنْیا

dunyā

دُنْیائیں

dunyāẽ

دُنْیا

dunyā

دُنْیاؤں

dunyāõ

دُنْیا

dunyā

دُنْیاؤ

dunyāo

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)bor.
Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā)bor.
Urdu دنیا
Borrowed from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā), borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā), from أَدْنَى (ʔadnā), from دَنِيّ (daniyy). First attested in c. 1435 as Middle Hindi دنیا (dnya).

etymon

ur

expansion:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)bor.
Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā)bor.
Urdu دنیا
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "world", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nearer", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "near", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "د ن و", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ar" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "د ن ي", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "root", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "دَنِيّ", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "أَدْنَى", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "دُنْيَا", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Classical Persian", "term" : "دُنْیَا", "lang" : "fa-cls" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Urdu", "term" : "دنیا", "lang" : "ur" }" data-id="world" data-lang="ur" data-title="دنیا" id="Urdu:_world">
Borrowed from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā), borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā), from أَدْنَى (ʔadnā), from دَنِيّ (daniyy).

ref

Platts, John T. (1884), “دنيا”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 529

Fallon, S. W. (1879), “دنيا”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.

etydate

c

expansion: First attested in c. 1435

hi-mid

expansion: Middle Hindi دنیا (dnya)

ref

“دنیا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

audio: LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-دنیا.wav

rhymes: -ɑː

parts: دُن یا


دنيا

text: وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلْآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا ۚ وَسَنَجْزِي ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ

english: And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.

roman: waman yurid ṯawāba d-dunyā nuʔtihi minhā waman yurid ṯawāba l-ʔāḵirati nuʔtihi minhā wasanajzī š-šākirīna

ar-noun

دُنْيَا

f

d: دُنْيَيَان

pl: دُنًا,دُنًى,دُنْيَيَات

expansion: دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f (dual دُنْيَيَان (dunyayān), plural دُنًا (dunan, construct state دُنَا (dunā)) or دُنًى (dunan, construct state دُنَى (dunā)) or دُنْيَيَات (dunyayāt))

forms:
دُنْيَا (canonical feminine)
dunyā (romanization)
dunyayān (romanization)
دُنَا (construct)
دُنَى (construct)
dunyayāt (romanization)
دُنْيَا (indefinite informal invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
دُنْيَا (construct informal invariable singular)
دُنْيَا (indefinite invariable nominative singular)
الدُّنْيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
دُنْيَا (construct invariable nominative singular)
دُنْيَا (accusative indefinite invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
دُنْيَا (accusative construct invariable singular)
دُنْيَا (genitive indefinite invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
دُنْيَا (construct genitive invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَيْن (dual indefinite informal invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَيَيْن (definite dual informal invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَيْ (construct dual informal invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَانِ (dual indefinite invariable nominative singular)
الدُّنْيَيَانِ (definite dual invariable nominative singular)
دُنْيَيَا (construct dual invariable nominative singular)
دُنْيَيَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ (accusative definite dual invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَيْ (accusative construct dual invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite invariable singular)
الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ (definite dual genitive invariable singular)
دُنْيَيَيْ (construct dual genitive invariable singular)
دُنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite informal plural)
دُنَا (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
دُنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite informal plural)
دُنَى (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَات (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite informal plural)
دُنْيَيَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الدُّنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite informal plural)
الدُّنَا (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الدُّنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite informal plural)
الدُّنَى (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الدُّنْيَيَات (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite informal plural)
الدُّنْيَيَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
دُنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct informal plural)
دُنَا (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
دُنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct informal plural)
دُنَى (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَات (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct informal plural)
دُنْيَيَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
دُنًا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite nominative plural)
دُنًا (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
دُنًى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite nominative plural)
دُنًى (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتٌ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite nominative plural)
دُنْيَيَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الدُّنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite nominative plural)
الدُّنَا (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الدُّنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite nominative plural)
الدُّنَى (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الدُّنْيَيَاتُ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite nominative plural)
الدُّنْيَيَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
دُنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct nominative plural)
دُنَا (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
دُنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct nominative plural)
دُنَى (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتُ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct nominative plural)
دُنْيَيَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
دُنًا (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite plural)
دُنًا (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
دُنًى (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite plural)
دُنًى (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتٍ (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form indefinite plural)
دُنْيَيَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الدُّنَا (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite plural)
الدُّنَا (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الدُّنَى (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite plural)
الدُّنَى (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الدُّنْيَيَاتِ (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite plural)
الدُّنْيَيَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
دُنَا (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct plural)
دُنَا (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
دُنَى (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct plural)
دُنَى (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتِ (accusative ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct plural)
دُنْيَيَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
دُنًا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form genitive indefinite plural)
دُنًا (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
دُنًى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form genitive indefinite plural)
دُنًى (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتٍ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form genitive indefinite plural)
دُنْيَيَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الدُّنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite genitive plural)
الدُّنَا (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الدُّنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite genitive plural)
الدُّنَى (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الدُّنْيَيَاتِ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form definite genitive plural)
الدُّنْيَيَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
دُنَا (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct genitive plural)
دُنَا (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
دُنَى (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct genitive plural)
دُنَى (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
دُنْيَيَاتِ (ar-infl-an-alef ar-infl-an-maksura broken-form construct genitive plural)
دُنْيَيَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

ar-decl-noun

pl: دُنًا

pl2: دُنًى

pl3: دُنْيَيَات

دُنْيَوِيّ

roman: dunyawiyy

دنيا

roman: dunya, dinya

دُنيا

roman: dunya

دني

roman: dini

دنية

roman: dinye

دنا

roman: dina

ꦢꦺꦴꦚ

roman: donya

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا
Feminine elative of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”). دُنيَا (“world”) is originally the "lower place" (as opposed to heaven, the "higher place"); compare English here below.

etymon

ar

title: دُنْيَا

m+

en

here below

expansion: English here below


دنيا

links: أَدْنَى أدنى#Arabic

links: lower lower

glosses: feminine singular of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”)

أَدْنَى

extra: ʔadnā, “lower”

ar-head

adjf

دُنْيَا

expansion: دُنْيَا • (dunyā)

forms:
دُنْيَا (canonical)
dunyā (romanization)

etymon

title: دُنْيَا

expansion:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا


دنيا

head

xbo

head: دِنيا

tr: dinyā

expansion: دِنيا (dinyā)

forms:
دِنيا (canonical)
dinyā (romanization)

тӗнче

roman: tĕnč̬e

der

expansion: Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)


دنيا

links: religion religion

links: mortal mortal

links: afterlife afterlife

raw_glosses: (definite, religion) the mortal world (as opposed to the afterlife)

text: الدنيا بتشتي

roman: id-dunya bitišti

translation: It's raining

english: It's raining

text: الدنيا بتليل

roman: id-dunya bitlayyil

translation: Night is falling

english: Night is falling

literal_meaning: it's becoming night

raw_glosses: (definite) impersonal pronoun, describing weather and general time

arz-noun

head: دُنيا

tr: dunya

head2: دِنيا

tr2: dinya

expansion: دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f

forms:
دُنيا (canonical)
دِنيا (canonical feminine)
dunya (romanization)
dinya (romanization)
دنية (alternative)
دنيه (alternative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)
Egyptian Arabic دنيا
Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

ety

arz

:inh

expansion:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)
Egyptian Arabic دنيا
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Egyptian Arabic", "term" : "دنيا", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "arz" }" data-lang="arz" data-title="دنيا">
Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

ipa: [ˈdonjɜ]

ipa: [ˈdenjɜ]


دنيا

links:
given name
given name

links: Donya Donya#English

links: Donia Donia#English

links: Dunya Dunya#English

glosses: a female given name, Donya, Donia, or Dunya

pos: name

head

proper noun

expansion: دنيا • (dunya)

forms:
dunya (romanization)
دنية (alternative)
دنيه (alternative)


دنيا

links: દુનિયા દુનિયા#Gujarati

દુનિયા

extra: duniyā

gu

expansion: دنيا • (dunyā) f

forms: dunyā (romanization)


دنيا

links: Jawi Jawi

links: dunia dunia#Maguindanao

mdh-noun

expansion: دنيا (transliteration needed)


دنيا

links: dunia dunia#Malay

ms-noun

expansion: دنيا (plural دنيا-دنيا or دنيا٢)

forms:
دنيا-دنيا (plural)
دنيا٢ (plural)


دنيا

text: هاد الراجل هو أسرع واحد فهاد الدنيا

roman: hād er-rājel huwwa ʔasraʕ wāḥed f-hād ed-dunya

translation: This man is the fastest in the world.

english: This man is the fastest in the world.

links: world world

links: earth earth

text: الدنيا مغيمة غدا

roman: ed-dunya mḡayyma ḡadda

translation: It'll be cloudy tomorrow.

english: It'll be cloudy tomorrow.

text: الدنيا عامرة اليوم فهاد المحال

roman: ed-dunya ʕāmra f-hād el-maḥāl

translation: This store is crowded today.

english: This store is crowded today.

links: it it

links: things things

links: everything everything

glosses: it; things; everything; used to refer to general states and circumstances

ary-noun

pl: دُنيات

pltr: dunyāt

pl2: دِنيات

pl2tr: dinyāt

expansion: دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f (plural دُنيات (dunyāt) or دِنيات (dinyāt))

forms:
دُنيا (canonical)
دِنيا (canonical feminine)
dunya (romanization)
dinya (romanization)
دُنيات (plural)
دِنيات (plural)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)
Moroccan Arabic دنيا
Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

ety

ary

expansion:
Etymology tree
Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)
Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)
Moroccan Arabic دنيا
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Moroccan Arabic", "term" : "دنيا", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ary" }" data-lang="ary" data-title="دنيا">
Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

audio: LL-Q56426 (ary)-Fenakhay-دنيا.wav


دنيا

دني

extra: dini

apc-noun

tr: dinya

expansion: دنيا • (dinya) f


دنيا

links: hereafter hereafter#English

glosses: it (dummy subject for the weather and seasons)

etymology_text: From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Equivalent to the feminine elative of أدنى (ʔadna, “lower, lowest”).

inh

ajp


ちゃくそう

links: 着想 着想#Japanese

links: 着装 着装#Japanese

ja-noun

expansion: ちゃくそう • (chakusō)

forms: chakusō (romanization)


자주

text: 너가 너무 자주 아파서 엄마가 걱정돼.

roman: Neo-ga neomu jaju apaseo eomma-ga geokjeongdwae.

translation: I [as your mother] am worried because you get sick too often.

links: often often

links: frequently frequently

pos: adv

ko-adv

expansion: 자주 • (jaju)

forms: jaju (romanization)

자주자주

roman: jajujaju

때때로

roman: ttaettaero

수시로

roman: susiro

etymology_text: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄌᆞ조〮 (Yale: còcwó), originally a derived adverb of Middle Korean ᄌᆞᆽ다〮 (Yale: còc-tá) (whence also 잦다 (jatda)) with adverbial suffix -오 (Yale: -wo), but rarely perceived as such by modern speakers.

anchor

often

ko-etym-native

ss

ᄌᆞ조〮

còcwó

okm-l

ᄌᆞᆽ다〮

còc-tá

expansion: ᄌᆞᆽ다〮 (Yale: còc-tá)

-오

-wo

expansion: -오 (Yale: -wo)

ipa: [t͡ɕa̠d͡ʑu]

hangeul: 자주

other: [자주]


자주

links: independence independence

links: autonomy autonomy

ko-noun

hanja: 自主

expansion: 자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自主)

forms:
jaju (romanization)
自主 (hanja)

자주국(自主國)

roman: jajuguk

자주권(自主權)

roman: jajugwon

자주성(自主性)

roman: jajuseong

자주적(自主的)

roman: jajujeok

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 自主, from 自 (“oneself”) + 主 (“to own, to host; master, lord”).

anchor

自主

etymid

ko

自主

ko-etym-Sino

自

oneself

主

to own, to host; master, lord


자주

links: violet violet

links: amethyst amethyst

links: purple purple

links: claret claret

ko-noun

hanja: 紫朱

expansion: 자주 • (jaju) (hanja 紫朱)

forms:
jaju (romanization)
紫朱 (hanja)

자색(紫色)

roman: jasaek

자주색(紫朱色)

roman: jajusaek

남자주(藍紫朱)

roman: namjaju

반자주(半紫朱)

roman: banjaju

연자주(軟紫朱)

roman: yeonjaju

진자주(津紫朱)

roman: jinjaju

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 紫 (“purple”) + 朱 (“cinnabar, vermilion; scarlet, red”).

anchor

紫朱

etymid

紫朱

紫

purple

朱

cinnabar, vermilion; scarlet, red

ipa: [ˈt͡ɕa̠(ː)d͡ʑu]

hangeul: 자(ː)주


자주

links: mother mother

raw_glosses: (archaic Literary Chinese-style Korean) mother

qualifier: archaic Literary Chinese-style Korean

ko-noun

hanja: 慈主

expansion: 자주 • (jaju) (hanja 慈主)

forms:
jaju (romanization)
慈主 (hanja)

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 慈 (“mother”) + 主 (“master, mistress; you”).

anchor

慈主

慈主

ko-etym-Sino

慈

mother

master, mistress; you


자주

links: footnote footnote

links: annotation annotation

links: note note

links: writing writing

raw_glosses: (literary studies) self-footnote, self-annotation, note written on one's own writing

qualifier: literary studies

links: act act

raw_glosses: (literary studies) act of writing a footnote, annotation, note on one's own writing

ko-noun

hanja: 自註

expansion: 자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自註)

forms:
jaju (romanization)
自註 (hanja)

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 自 (“oneself”) + 註 (“comment, note, annotation”).

anchor

自註

etymid

自註

註

comment, note, annotation


자주

links: 자작(自作) 자작#Korean

자작(自作)

extra: jajak

ko-noun

hanja: 自做

expansion: 자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自做)

forms:
jaju (romanization)
自做 (hanja)

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 自 (“oneself”) + 做 (“to do; to make”).

anchor

自做

自做

ko-etym-Sino

做

to do; to make


보지

links: pussy pussy

links: vulva vulva

links: vagina vagina

ko-noun

expansion: 보지 • (boji)

forms: boji (romanization)

자지

roman: jaji

좆

english: jot

translation: jot

etymology_text: From reconstructed Middle Korean *볻 (*pwot), with suffix -이 (-i, noun suffix). See Yukjin dialect 보대 (bodae, “vulva”), which was a dialect that did not undergo palatalization of /t/. Cognate with Jeju 보뎅이 (bodeng'i, “vulva”) and probably also Japanese 陰 (hoto, “id.”), historically from Old Japanese *potə. Compare also 불 (bul, “genitalia”), surviving in fossilized form in words such as 불알 (bural, “testicle”).

cog

jje

보뎅이

t: vulva

expansion: Jeju 보뎅이 (bodeng'i, “vulva”)

ja

陰

tr: hoto

t: id.

expansion: Japanese 陰 (hoto, “id.”)

IPAfont

*potə

expansion: *potə

ipa: [ˈpo̞(ː)d͡ʑi]

hangeul: 보(ː)지


보지

links: preservation preservation

links: hold hold

links: retention retention

raw_glosses: (formal, uncommon) preservation, holding, retention

ko-noun

hanja: 保持

expansion: 보지 • (boji) (hanja 保持)

forms:
boji (romanization)
保持 (hanja)

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 保持, from 保 (“to protect”) + 持 (“to sustain”).

etymid

保持

ko-etym-Sino

保

to protect

持

to sustain


보지

links: notice notice

links: announcement announcement

ko-noun

hanja: 報知

expansion: 보지 • (boji) (hanja 報知)

forms:
boji (romanization)
報知 (hanja)

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 報知, from 報 (“to report”) + 知 (“to know”).

etymid

報知

報

to report

知

to know


두유

text: 두유는 우리 몸을 튼튼하게 합니다.

roman: Duyu-neun uri mom-eul teunteunhage hamnida.

translation: Soy milk strengthens our bodies.

english: Soy milk strengthens our bodies.

links:
soy milk
soy milk

ko-noun

hanja: 豆乳

expansion: 두유 • (duyu) (hanja 豆乳)

forms:
duyu (romanization)
豆乳 (hanja)

콩우유

roman: kong'uyu

우유: cow's milk

roman: uyu

alt: 牛乳

콩기름

roman: konggireum

etymology_text: Sino-Korean word from 豆乳, from 豆 (“bean”) + 乳 (“milk”)

豆乳

ko-etym-sino

豆

bean

乳

milk

ipa: [tuju]

hangeul: 두유

other: [두유]


donee

text: John became the donee of the bone marrow donated by his brother.

text: But this donee or this purchasoure shall take to their profyte all the vesture standyng vpon or beyng with in the sayd groūde

ref: 1523, John Fitzherbert, Book of surveying, page 15:

links: receive receive

links: gift gift

links: donor donor

glosses: Someone who receives a gift from a donor.

en-noun

expansion: donee (plural donees)

forms: donees (plural)

etymology_text: From donor + -ee (attested since 1523).

suffix

en

donor

ee

expansion: donor + -ee


affiliative

text: Earlier scoring systems, which failed to clearly differentiate content and structure, tended to misscore as stage 3 reasoning that was in fact structurally more advanced but that focused on affiliative content.

ref: 1994, Bill Puka, Moral Development: New research in moral development, page 11:

links: promote promote

links: social social

links: cohesion cohesion

raw_glosses: (of behaviour) tending to promote social cohesion

head

adjective

expansion: affiliative

afiliativo

code: pt

sense: tending to promote social cohesion


despisal

links: Contempt contempt

links: scornful scornful

links: hatred hatred

en-noun

expansion: despisal (countable and uncountable, plural despisals)

forms: despisals (plural)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
English despise
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English despisal
From despise + -al.

ety

:af

despise

-al

expansion:
Etymology tree
English despise
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English despisal
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "forming adjectives", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "fro" }, { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-el", "lang" : "fro" }, { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-al", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "despisal", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="despisal">
From despise + -al.

rhymes: -aɪzəl


poste d'essence

links:
petrol station
petrol station

links:
gas station
gas station

fr-noun

f

expansion: poste d'essence f (plural postes d'essence)

forms: postes d'essence (plural)


grimy

text: Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps,[…], and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.

ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

links: grime grime

text: Riffs from older songs seem to be more popular, as only two from the past decade made it into the top 20. They were Muse's Plug In Baby, at 11, and The White Stripes' grimy Seven Nation Army at 15.

ref: 2009 November 27, “Jimi Hendrix's Voodoo Child has 'best guitar riff'”, in BBC:

links: music music

raw_glosses: (music) From the urban musical genre called grime.

text: When I was 18 I was grimy af. I wouldn't share my food with you even if you were starving and about to die.

links: corrupt corrupt

links: malicious malicious

links: vile vile

links: selfish selfish

links: base base

links: dirty dirty

links: rotten rotten

raw_glosses: (slang) Morally corrupt, malicious, vile, or selfish; base or dirty; rotten.

text: Pro Era are a group of young rappers (and artists) straight from the streets of Brooklyn, New York. They're headed by Joey Bada$$ who is definitely the most well known figure but as a group they stand alone as some of the top emcees and producers coming through. They've been hailed as the return of hip hop, especially the gritty, grimey New York hip hop we all know and love

ref: 2014 June 6, Scott Miller, “A Few Thoughts on Pro Era's 'The Shift'”, in The Niche Cache, archived from the original on 04 Feb 2024:

links: hip-hop hip-hop

links: beat beat

links: song song

links: darkly darkly

links: atmospheric atmospheric

links:
New York
New York

raw_glosses: (slang, hip-hop) Of a beat or song, darkly atmospheric; having affinities with the style of the East Coast hip hop of the 90s, especially that of New York.

en-adj

er

expansion: grimy (comparative grimier, superlative grimiest)

forms:
grimier (comparative)
grimiest (superlative)
grimey (alternative)

мръсен

code: bg

sense: covered with grime

roman: mrǎsen

кирлив

roman: kirliv

špinavý

code: cs

grijmig

code: nl

pinttynyt

code: fi

cotrento

code: gl

schmuddelig

code: de

poke

code: mi

mugriento

code: es

smutsig

code: sv

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
English grime
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
Proto-West Germanic *-g
Old English -iġ
Middle English -y
English -y
English grimy
From grime + -y.

ety

grime

expansion:
Etymology tree
English grime
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
Proto-West Germanic *-g
Old English -iġ
Middle English -y
English -y
English grimy
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-gaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-g", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-iġ", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-y", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-y", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "grimy", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="grimy">
From grime + -y.

ipa: /ˈɡɹaɪmi/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grimy.wav

rhymes: -aɪmi


grisly

text: The photographs of the killings depict a grisly scene.

text: Magnes and many thinges attractive are, / But nothing ſo allective under ſkyes, / As that ſame dainty amiable ſtarre, / That none but griſly mouth of hell defyes.

ref: 1588, G[abriel] H[arvey], “[Greenes Memoriall; Or Certaine Funerall Sonnets.] Sonnet XVII. His Exhortation to Atonement and Love.”, in J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Fovre Letters, and Certaine Sonnets, […] (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London]: [s.n.], published [1870], →OCLC, page 77:

text: Then clad in cloake of mistie fogges the darke night vp did come, / And with grim grislie looke did seeme to bid me get me home; […]

ref: 1610, Richard Niccols, “The Indvction”, in A Winter Nights Vision; being an Addition of such Princes Especially Famous, who were Exempted in the Former Historie, part IV, London: Felix Kyngston, →OCLC; republished as Joseph Haslewood, editor, Mirror for Magistrates, volume II, part II, London: Printed for Lackington, Allen, and Co. Finsbury Square; and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orms, and Brown, Paternoster Row, 1815, →OCLC, page 548:

text: It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and grislier desolation.

ref: 1878, John Boyle O'Reilly, “On the Trail”, in Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world, London: George Routledge and Sons, published 1879, →OCLC; republished as Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia, London: George Routledge & Sons, Limited, Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, [1880s], →OCLC, book first, pages 23–24:

text: We know too well the bestial assault you are making upon the Russian people, to whom our hearts go out in their valiant struggle. We will have no truce or parley with you, or the grisly gang who work your wicked will. You do your worst and we will do our best.

ref: 1941, Winston Churchill, The Unrelenting Struggle:

text: In his [Galway Kinnell's] new book, Body Rags, he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, "The Porcupine" and "The Bear." These are the grisliest poems I have ever read.

ref: 1968 summer, Hayden Carruth, “Making It New”, in The Hudson Review, volume XXI, number 2, New York, N.Y.: Hudson Review, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC; reprinted as “From ‘Making It New’ [Body Rags]”, in Howard Nelson, editor, On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying (Under Discussion), Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1987, →ISBN, page 75:

text: Perhaps you have to have seen the first film to like this one; to feel, like the young fans of Harry Potter, that without knowing or wanting it, you have grown up with its grisly protagonists.

ref: 2017 January 19, Peter Bradshaw, “T2 Trainspotting review – choose a sequel that doesn’t disappoint”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 20 Jan 2017:

text: Ireland’s capital is no longer in lockdown but the grisly sport continues.

ref: 2023 September 20, Rory Carroll, “‘It’s almost every day’: foreign delivery riders face gang attacks in Dublin”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

links: Horrifyingly horrifyingly

links: repellent repellent#Adjective

links: gruesome gruesome

links: terrifying terrifying

grizzly

english: misspellings

translation: misspellings

glosses: Horrifyingly repellent; gruesome, terrifying.

text: old squirrels that turn grisly

ref: 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

text: The animals found in this province are, deer, elk, buffalo, cabrie, the grisly black bear, and wild horses.

ref: 1830, Josiah Conder, The Modern Traveller: Mexico (continued), Guatemala, page 84:

links: grizzly grizzly#English

links: gristly gristly#English

en-adj

expansion: grisly (comparative grislier, superlative grisliest)

forms:
grislier (comparative)
grisliest (superlative)
griesly (alternative)
grislie (alternative)

страшен

sense: horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome

roman: strašen

ужасен

roman: užasen

зловещ

roman: zlovešt

grusom

code: da

malbelega

code: eo

épouvantable

code: fr

φοβερός

code: el

roman: foverós

φριχτός

roman: frichtós

rémes

code: hu

scanrúil

code: ga

恐ろしい

code: ja

alt: おそろしい

roman: osoroshī

erjeng

code: kmr

šaušalīgs

code: lv

uhyggelig, nifs, fæl

code: no

potworny

code: pl

отврати́тельный

code: ru

roman: otvratítelʹnyj

etymology_text:
From Middle English grisely, grysly, grissliȝ, griselich, grislich, from Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”), from grīsan (“to shudder with horror; to tremble, to be terrified; to make tremble, to terrify; to agrise, grise”) (unattested but implied in āgrīsan) + -lic (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’).
The word may also be an aphetic form of Old English ongrislic, agrisenliċ, the past participle of agrīsan (“to agrise”).
Compare Danish grusom, Swedish gräslig, Middle Dutch grezelijc (modern Dutch griezelig), Middle High German grisenlich (modern German grässlich, grausen).

inh

enm

grisely

expansion: Middle English grisely

ang

grisliċ

grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid

glossary

aphetic

expansion: aphetic

inh

ongrislic

expansion: Old English ongrislic

glossary

past

expansion: past

participle

expansion: participle

cog

da

grusom

expansion: Danish grusom

sv

gräslig

expansion: Swedish gräslig

dum

grezelijc

expansion: Middle Dutch grezelijc

nl

griezelig

expansion: Dutch griezelig

gmh

grisenlich

expansion: Middle High German grisenlich

de

grässlich

expansion: German grässlich

ipa: /ˈɡɹɪzli/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav


grisly

ref: 1893, Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting the Grisly and Other Sketches:

glosses: Obsolete form of grizzly (“type of bear”).

grizzly

extra: type of bear

en-noun

expansion: grisly (plural grislies)

forms: grislies (plural)

inh

expansion: Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”)

rhymes: -ɪzli

homophone: grizzly

parts: gris ly


grisly

text: [A] very fair young gentlewoman [Sir Roger Wentworth's daughter], of twelve years of age, in marvellous manner vexed and tormented by our ghostly enemy, the devil, her mind alienated and raving, with despising and blaspheming of God, and hatred of all hallowed things, […] finally being brought and laid before the image of our blessed lady, was there, in the sight of many worshipful people, so grievously tormented, and in face, eyes, look, and countenance, so grisly changed, with her mouth drawn aside, and her eyes laid out upon her cheeks, that it was a terrible sight to behold. And after many marvellous things, […] restored to their good state, perfectly cured and suddenly.

ref: 1850, William Tyndale, quoting Thomas More, “[The Solutions and Answers unto M. More’s First Book.] The Sixteenth Chapter”, in Henry Walter, editor, An Answer to Sir Thomas More’s Dialogue, The Supper of the Lord after the True Meaning of John VI. and 1 Cor. XI. and Wm. Tracy’s Testament Expounded. By William Tyndale, Martyr, 1536. Edited for the Parker Society, by the Rev. Henry Walter, B.D. F.R.S. [...], Cambridge: Printed at the University Press, →OCLC, page 90, footnote:

text: A valiant Captain of great prowess, as fierce as a fox assaulting a goose, was so hardy to give the first stroke: then got they so grisly together, that great was the activity that day to be seen there on both sides: the one very eager for purchase of prey, the other utterly stout for redemption of liberty: thus, quarrel enflamed the fury on both sides: twice the Danes had the better, but at the last conflict, beaten down, overcome, and many led captive for triumph by our English women.

ref: 1870, George Adlard, “A Letter: Whearin Part of the Entertainment unto the Queen’s Majesty at Killingworth Castl in Warwiksheer in this Somers Progress—1575 is Signified: From a Freend Officer Attendant in the Court unto His Freend a Citizen and Merchaunt of London. [...] With Explanatory Notes.”, in Amye Robsart and the Earl of Leycester; a Critical Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Various Statements in Relation to the Death of Amye Robsart, and of the Libels on the Earl of Leycester, with a Vindication of the Earl by His Nephew Sir Philip Sydney. And a History of Kenilworth Castle, including an Account of the Splendid Entertainment Given to Queen Elizabeth by the Earl of Leycester, in 1575, from the Works of Robert Laneham and George Gascoigne; together with Memoirs and Correspondence of Sir Robert Dudley, Son of the Earl of Leycester, London: John Russell Smith, 36 Soho Square, →OCLC, page 142:

links: horrible horrible

links: terrible terrible

raw_glosses: (obsolete) In a horrible or terrible manner; in a terrifying way.

en-adv

expansion: grisly (comparative more grisly, superlative most grisly)

forms:
more grisly (comparative)
most grisly (superlative)

etymology_text: From grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly; compare Middle Dutch griselike, Middle Low German grislike.

suffix

grisle

t1: horror, terror

ly

expansion: grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly

cog

griselike

expansion: Middle Dutch griselike

gml

grislike

expansion: Middle Low German grislike


grisly

text: Whan that Arcite to Thebes comen was / Full ofte a day he ſwelte and ſaid alas / For ſene his lady ſhall be neuer mo / And ſhortely to conclude, all his wo / So mikell ſoro we made neuer creature / That is or ſhalbe, while the world may dure / His ſlepe, his meate, his drinke is him byraft / That leane he waxeth, and drye as a ſhaft / His eyen holow, and griſly to beholde / His hewe pale, and ſalowe as aſhen colde / And ſolitary he was, and euer alone / And wailing all the night, making mone

ref: 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knyghtes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, “folio III, verso”:

links: grisly grisly#English

links: horrifyingly horrifyingly

links: repellent repellent

glosses: grisly: horrifyingly repellent; gruesome, terrifying

head

enm

expansion: grisly


grisly

text: In Flanders whilom there was a company / Of yonge folke, that hau[n]ted foly / As haſard, riot, ſtewes, and tauernes / Where as with harpes, lutes, and geternes / Thei dauncen and plaien at dice night & day / And eten alſo, ouer that her^([sic – meaning their]) might may / Through which they don the devil ſacrifice / Within the devils temple, in curſed wiſe / By ſuperfluitie abhominable / Her^([sic – meaning their]) othes ben ſo great and ſo dampnable / That it is griſly for to here hem ſwere

ref: 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Pardoners Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, “folio LXIII, verso”, column 2:

glosses: grisly: in a horrible or terrible manner; in a terrifying way

adverb


knockkneed

links: knock-kneed knock-kneed#English

expansion: knockkneed


knock knee

links:
genu valgum
genu valgum

en-noun

expansion: knock knee (plural knock knees)

forms: knock knees (plural)

kalveknæ

sense: genu valgum

X-benen

code: nl

pihtipolvi

code: fi


genu valgum

links: medicine medicine

links: knee knee

links: ankle ankle

raw_glosses: (medicine) The condition in which the knees are abnormally close together and the ankles far apart.

expansion: genu valgum (plural genu valgums)

forms: genu valgums (plural)

genoll valg

code: ca

sense: medical condition

etymology_text: Borrowed from Latin genū valgum (“knockkneed”).

bor+

la

genū valgum

t: knockkneed


ciruela

links: plum plum

head

ast

noun

plural

cirueles

f3accel-form: p

expansion: ciruela f (plural cirueles)

ast-noun

cirueles

forms: cirueles (plural)


ciruela

fax-noun

expansion: ciruela f (plural ciruelas)

forms: ciruelas (plural)

cirueleiru

english: plum tree

translation: plum tree

etymology_text: Borrowed from Spanish ciruela.

bor+

fax

es

ciruela

expansion: Borrowed from Spanish ciruela

ipa: /θiˈɾwela/

rhymes: -ela


ciruela

links: mombin mombin

etymology_text: Inherited from Late Latin cēreola, an ellipsis of cēreola prūna (literally “waxy plums”), neuter plural diminutive of cēreus reinterpreted as feminine singular.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

es

la-lat

cēreola

expansion: Late Latin cēreola

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Late Latin cēreola

ipa: /siˈɾwela/


links:
miniature Edison screw
miniature Edison screw#English

links: MES MES#English

links: lightbulb lightbulb#English

links: screw-in screw-in#English

raw_glosses: (electrics, lighting) The miniature Edison screw base (MES), a standard lightbulb base, the screw-in electrical connection of 10 mm width

qualifier: electrics; lighting; electrics; lighting

head

mul

etymology_text: From being the Edison screw base (E), the Edison-standard screw base, and being 10 millimetres in diameter. Named after American inventor and entrepreneur Thomas Alva Edison, whose invention factory created the first standard electric light bulb system.

yesno

n

N

expansion: N

named-after/list

inventor

entrepreneur

expansion: inventor and entrepreneur

lang

Thomas Alva Edison

expansion: Thomas Alva Edison

named-after

nat: American

occ: inventor

occ2: entrepreneur


links: automotive automotive

links: petrol petrol#English

links: gasoline gasoline#English

links: ethanol ethanol#English

raw_glosses: (automotive, fuel) petrol/gasoline blended with 10 per cent ethanol (ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol).

qualifier: fuel

en-noun

expansion: E10 (uncountable)

sense: petrol/gas, diesel


Navid

links:
given name
given name

links: نوید نوید#Persian

glosses: A transliteration of the Persian male given name نوید (navid, novid).

en-proper noun

expansion: Navid

etymology_text: From Persian نوید (navid, novid, literally “good news”).

bor

en

fa

نوید

tr: navid, novid

lit: good news

forms: Naveed (alternative)


suprasternal notch

links: anatomy anatomy

links: neck neck

links: sternum sternum

raw_glosses: (anatomy) The conspicuous dip visible at the top of the human chest where the neck joins the sternum.

en-noun

expansion: suprasternal notch (plural suprasternal notches)

forms: suprasternal notches (plural)

hoyuela

code: es


suprasternal

raw_glosses: (anatomy) Situated or occurring higher than, or above, the sternum.

en-adj

expansion: suprasternal (comparative more suprasternal, superlative most suprasternal)

forms:
more suprasternal (comparative)
most suprasternal (superlative)

надгруди́нный

sense: above the sternum

roman: nadgrudínnyj

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Italic *super
Proto-Italic *superos
Proto-Italic *superād
Old Latin suprād
Latin suprā
Latin supra-lbor.
English supra-
English sternal
English suprasternal
From supra- + sternal.

ety

:af

supra-

sternal

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Italic *super
Proto-Italic *superos
Proto-Italic *superād
Old Latin suprād
Latin suprā
Latin supra-lbor.
English supra-
English sternal
English suprasternal
[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "above, over, beyond", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "above", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*úp", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "alt" : "*-er", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-r", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*upér", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*super", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*superos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*superād", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "suprād", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "suprā", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "supra-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "supra-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "sternal", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "suprasternal", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="suprasternal">
From supra- + sternal.

ipa: /ˌsuːpɹəˈstɜːnəl/

rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)nəl


Naveed

text: One of the terrorists who carried out the shooting attack at a Bondi Beach Hanukkah party was likely a Muslim man of Pakistani origin, a senior law enforcement official told ABC News. The man's name is Naveed Akram, from Bonnyrigg, and his house had been raided.

ref: 2025 December 14, “Police raid home of Pakistani Muslim man suspected of Bondi Beach terror attack - report”, in The Jerusalem Post:

links: نوید نوید#Persian

links: surname surname

en-proper noun

s

expansion: Naveed (plural Naveeds)

forms: Naveeds (plural)

etymology_text: Variant spelling of Navid.


taxa

text: Thirdly, I continue to attempt to interdigitate the taxa in our flora with taxa of the remainder of the world.

ref: 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page viii:

links: taxon taxon#English

head

noun form

expansion: taxa

etymology_text: The plural form of taxon, formed according to the Ancient Greek -ον (-on) → -α (-a) pluralisation pattern.

uder

grc

-ον

expansion: Ancient Greek -ον (-on)

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-taxa.wav


taxa

text: taxa de mortalitat

translation: mortality rate

english: mortality rate

links: rate rate

glosses: rate (the proportional relationship between one amount, value etc. and another)

links: tax tax

ca-noun

f

expansion: taxa f (plural taxes)

forms: taxes (plural)

etymology_text: From Latin taxāre (“to appraise”).

der

ca

taxo

taxāre

t: to appraise

expansion: Latin taxāre (“to appraise”)

audio: LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-taxa.wav

note: Barcelona


taxa

links: charge charge

glosses: charge, rate (fixed amount of money paid for given extent of service)

cs-noun

expansion: taxa f


taxa

links: cab cab

links: taxi taxi

head

da

g: c

singular definite

taxaen

f1accel-form: def|s

plural indefinite

taxaer

f4accel-form: indef|p

expansion: taxa c (singular definite taxaen, plural indefinite taxaer)

da-noun

er

forms:
taxaen (definite singular)
taxaer (indefinite plural)
taxa (indefinite nominative singular)
taxaen (definite nominative singular)
taxaer (indefinite nominative plural)
taxaerne (definite nominative plural)
taxas (genitive indefinite singular)
taxaens (definite genitive singular)
taxaers (genitive indefinite plural)
taxaernes (definite genitive plural)

da-noun-infl-base

sg-indef: taxa

sg-def: taxaen

pl-indef: taxaer

pl-def: taxaerne

gen-sg-indef: taxas

gen-sg-def: taxaens

gen-pl-indef: taxaers

gen-pl-def: taxaernes

etymology_text: Shortening of Taxamotorkompagniet, equivalent to taxameter + kompagni, from Medieval Latin taxa.

der

la-med

taxa

expansion: Medieval Latin taxa

ipa: /taksa/

ipa: [ˈtˢɑɡ̊sa]


taxa

links: taxer taxer#French

glosses: third-person singular past historic of taxer

pos: verb

head

fr

verb form

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-taxa.wav


taxa

links: fee fee

links: taxation taxation

raw_glosses: (taxation) tax (money paid to the government)

links: economics economics

links: percentage percentage

links: ratio ratio

raw_glosses: (economics) a percentage or ratio of a value

gl-noun

expansion: taxa f (plural taxas)

forms: taxas (plural)

etymology_text: From Old Galician-Portuguese taxa (14th century), from taixar (“to tax; to charge a fee”), from Latin taxāre (“to handle; to compute”), from tangō (“to touch”).

ety

gl

:inh

expansion: [Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "lbor.", "keyword_label" : "Learned borrowing from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "taxāre", "id" : "feel", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "touch", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*teh₂g-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Medieval Latin", "term" : "taxo", "lang" : "la-med" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxar", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword" : "deverbal" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Galician", "term" : "taxa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gl" }" data-lang="gl" data-title="taxa">

inh

roa-opt

expansion: Old Galician-Portuguese taxa

der

taxō

t: to handle; to compute

expansion: Latin taxāre (“to handle; to compute”)

ipa: /ˈtaʃa/

rhymes: -aʃa


taxa

head

kl

noun

plural

taxat

expansion: taxa (plural taxat)

kl-noun

taxat

forms: taxat (plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Danish taxa.

bor

da

expansion: Danish taxa

note: Nuuk


taxa

links: taxō taxo#Latin

glosses: second-person singular present active imperative of taxō

head

la

head: taxā

expansion: taxā

forms: taxā (canonical)


taxa

text: prometo, commo leal vasallo, deles fazer pagar as ditas taixas et pedidos et dézemos que devan

ref: 1368, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Monasterio de San Salvador de Pedroso en tierras de Trasancos, A Coruña: Deputación Provincial, page 259:

english: I promise, as a loyal vassal, to make them pay the aforementioned taxes and allotments and tithes that they owe

roa-opt

taxas

forms:
taxas (plural)
taixa (alternative)

etymology_text: Deverbal from taxar.

etymon

:deverbal

taxar

expansion:
[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "lbor.", "keyword_label" : "Learned borrowing from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "taxāre", "id" : "feel", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "touch", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*teh₂g-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Medieval Latin", "term" : "taxo", "lang" : "la-med" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxar", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword" : "deverbal" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" }" data-lang="roa-opt" data-title="taxa">
Deverbal from taxar.

parts: ta xa


taxa

glosses: third-person singular present indicative

glosses:
inflection of taxar:
second-person singular imperative

etymology_text: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

forms: taixa (alternative)


taxa

glosses: fee (monetary payment charged for professional services)

links: mathematics mathematics

links: statistics statistics

raw_glosses: (mathematics, statistics) rate (amount measured in relation to another amount)

etymology_text: From Old Galician-Portuguese taxa (14th century), from taxar (“to tax; to charge a fee”), from Latin taxāre (“to handle; to compute”), from tangō (“to touch”).

wp

pt:

ety

pt

expansion: [Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "lbor.", "keyword_label" : "Learned borrowing from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "taxāre", "id" : "feel", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "touch", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*teh₂g-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Medieval Latin", "term" : "taxo", "lang" : "la-med" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxar", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword" : "deverbal" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "taxa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "taxa", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }" data-lang="pt" data-title="taxa">

der

la

audio: LL-Q5146 (por)-MedK1-taxa.wav

rhymes: -aʃɐ

homophone: tacha


taxa

links: taxar taxar#Portuguese

ety

expansion: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


taxa

ro-verb

taxează

taxat

expansion: a taxa (third-person singular present taxează, past participle taxat) 1st conjugation

forms:
a taxa 1st conjugation (canonical)
taxează (present singular third-person)
taxat (participle past)
a taxa (infinitive)
taxând (gerund)
taxat (participle past)
taxez (first-person indicative present singular)
taxezi (indicative present second-person singular)
taxează (indicative present singular third-person)
taxăm (first-person indicative plural present)
taxați (indicative plural present second-person)
taxează (indicative plural present third-person)
taxam (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
taxai (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
taxa (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
taxam (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
taxați (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
taxau (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
taxai (first-person indicative perfect singular)
taxași (indicative perfect second-person singular)
taxă (indicative perfect singular third-person)
taxarăm (first-person indicative perfect plural)
taxarăți (indicative perfect plural second-person)
taxară (indicative perfect plural third-person)
taxasem (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
taxaseși (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
taxase (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
taxaserăm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
taxaserăți (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
taxaseră (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
să taxez (first-person present singular subjunctive)
să taxezi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
să taxeze (present singular subjunctive third-person)
să taxăm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
să taxați (plural present second-person subjunctive)
să taxeze (plural present subjunctive third-person)
taxează (imperative second-person singular)
taxați (imperative plural second-person)
nu taxa (imperative negative second-person singular)
nu taxați (imperative negative plural second-person)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French taxer, from Latin taxare.

bor+

ro

fr

taxer

expansion: Borrowed from French taxer

der

taxare

expansion: Latin taxare


raphe

text: They are inserted into the midline raphae or the anococcygeal raphae and the coccyx.

ref: 2004, Sabaratnam Arulkumaran, V. Sivanesaratnam, Pratap Kumar, Alokendu Chatterjee, Essential of Obstetrics, page 28:

text: It shows three symmetrical raphes (asterisk) radiating from the centre of the aortic root, but in fetuses there is often asymmetry between the raphes with the one between the left and noncoronary sinuses being larger than the others (red asterisk in Figure 2.14b).

ref: 2005, Robert H. Anderson, Marco Pozzi, Suzie Hutchinson, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, page 29:

links: anatomy anatomy

links: seamlike seamlike

links: ridge ridge

links: furrow furrow

links: organ organ

links: bodily bodily

links: tissue tissue

links: line line

links: halves half

links: section section

links: fuse fuse

links: embryo embryo

raw_glosses: (anatomy) A seamlike ridge or furrow on an organ, bodily tissue, or other structure, typically marking the line where two halves or sections fused in the embryo.

links: connect connect

links:
medulla oblongata
medulla oblongata

links: tegmentum tegmentum

links: midbrain midbrain

raw_glosses: The connecting ridge between the two halves of the medulla oblongata or the tegmentum of the midbrain.

text: The vast majority of the raphes do not bifurcate (123 genera), but the raphes of 7 genera do.

ref: 2003, Joseph H. Kirkbride, Jr.; Charles R. Gunn; Anna L. Weitzman, Fruits and Seeds of Genera in the Subfamily Faboideae (Fabaceae), page 24:

links: botany botany

links: stalk stalk

links: anatropous anatropous

links: ovary ovary

links: unite unite

links: ovule ovule

raw_glosses: (botany) The part of the stalk of an anatropous ovary that is united in growth to the outside covering and forms a ridge along the body of the ovule.

text: The invariant occurrence of adhesive EPS at both the driving and the non-driving raphes supports a model for constitutive, rather than induced, secretion of the raphe adhesive.

ref: 2007, Andrew M. Smith, James A. Callow, Biological Adhesives, page 87:

links: longitudinal longitudinal

links: median median

links: groove groove

links: valve valve

links: diatom diatom

raw_glosses: (botany) A longitudinal median groove in the valve of many diatoms.

en-noun

raphae

s

expansion: raphe (plural raphae or raphes)

forms:
raphae (plural)
raphes (plural)
rhaphe (alternative)

rafe

sense: Translations

rafe

code: it

etymology_text: Borrowed from New Latin raphē, from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).

bor

la-new

raphē

expansion: New Latin raphē

ῥᾰφή

seam; suture

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raphe.wav

rhymes: -eɪfi


raphe

links: anatomy anatomy

links: raphe #English

la-noun

expansion: raphē f (genitive raphēs); first declension

tlb

New Latin

expansion: (New Latin)

forms:
raphē (canonical feminine)
raphēs (genitive)
raphē (nominative singular)
raphae (nominative plural)
raphēs (genitive singular)
raphārum (genitive plural)
raphae (dative singular)
raphīs (dative plural)
raphēn (accusative singular)
raphās (accusative plural)
raphē (ablative singular)
raphīs (ablative plural)
raphē (singular vocative)
raphae (plural vocative)

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Ancient Greek ῥᾰ́πτω (rhắptō)
Ancient Greek -η (-ē)
Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ)bor.
Latin raphē
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).

ety

title: raphē

:bor

grc:ῥᾰφή<t:seam; suture>

expansion:
Etymology tree
Ancient Greek ῥᾰ́πτω (rhắptō)
Ancient Greek -η (-ē)
Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ)bor.
Latin raphē
[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "seam; suture", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "to sew together, stitch", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ῥᾰ́πτω", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "zero grade", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-η", "lang" : "grc", "pos" : "action noun suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ῥᾰφή", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "raphē", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="raphē">
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).

note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical


raphae

links: raphe raphe#English

head

noun form

expansion: raphae

ipa: /ˈɹeɪfiː/


raphae

links: raphē raphe#Latin

glosses:
inflection of raphē:
dative singular

glosses:
inflection of raphē:
nominative/vocative plural


fourche

links: heraldry heraldry

links: forked forked

links: branched branched

links: abruptly abruptly

links:
cut off
cut off

links: ordinary ordinary

links: cross cross

raw_glosses: (heraldry) Having the ends forked or branched, and the ends of the branches terminating abruptly as if cut off; said of an ordinary, especially of a cross.

en-adj

expansion: fourche (not comparable)

forms:
fourchee (alternative)
fourchée (alternative)
fourché (alternative)
fourchy (alternative)
furché (alternative)
furchy (alternative)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French fourché. Doublet of furcate and fork.

bor

fourché

expansion: French fourché

doublet

furcate

fork

expansion: Doublet of furcate and fork


fourche

links: pitchfork pitchfork

links: fork fork

links: crotch crotch

links:
split end
split end

fr-noun

expansion: fourche f (plural fourches)

forms: fourches (plural)

etymology_text: Inherited from Old French furche, forche, from Latin furca (“pitchfork”).

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

fro

furche

expansion: Old French furche

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Old French furche

inh

furca

t: pitchfork

expansion: Latin furca (“pitchfork”)

ipa: /fuʁʃ/

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-fourche.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-fourche.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-fourche.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-fourche.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-fourche.wav

note: Somain


loose box

text: Long before you see the lean, handsome heads peering mildly over the half-doors of the loose boxes, you know that East Ilsley's business is training racehorses.

ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 164:

links: compartment compartment

links: livestock livestock

links: stable stable

links: horse horse

raw_glosses: (chiefly UK) A separate compartment of a building in which livestock are free to move about; especially a form of stable for horses.

links: brougham brougham

links: vehicle vehicle

links:
dame de compagnie
dame de compagnie

raw_glosses: (archaic) A brougham or other vehicle kept for the use of a dame de compagnie.

en-noun

expansion: loose box (plural loose boxes)

forms: loose boxes (plural)


loose-box

links:
loose box
loose box#English

expansion: loose-box (plural loose-boxes)

forms: loose-boxes (plural)


midsection

links: middle middle

links: section section

text: That's the premise of the overload principle, and it must be applied, even to ab training, if you're going to develop a cut, ripped midsection.

ref: 2010, Bill Geiger, “6-pack Abs in 9 Weeks”, in Reps!, 17:106:

links: anatomy anatomy

links: midriff midriff

links: torso torso

raw_glosses: (anatomy) The midriff; the section of the human torso, from below the chest to above the waist.

expansion: midsection (plural midsections)

forms: midsections (plural)

中部

code: cmn

sense: middle section of something

roman: zhōngbù

gitapyas

code: tl

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *me
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰe
Proto-Indo-European *médʰi
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos
Proto-Germanic *midjaz
Proto-West Germanic *midi
Old English midd
Middle English mid
English mid
English mid-
English section
English midsection
From mid- + section.

ety

en

:af

mid-

section

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *me
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰe
Proto-Indo-European *médʰi
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos
Proto-Germanic *midjaz
Proto-West Germanic *midi
Old English midd
Middle English mid
English mid
English mid-
English section
English midsection
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*midjaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*midi", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "midd", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "mid", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "mid", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "mid-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "section", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "midsection", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="midsection">
From mid- + section.

ipa: /ˈmɪdˌsɛkʃən/


miserably

text: fail miserably

text: "Well, sorcerer?" growled the Norman. "Nay, not well," replied Catweazle shivering miserably, "I have the bone-ache."

ref: 1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 7:

text:
I just need you miserably
Broken man come to me
I just need you desperately
Just want to change your mind

ref: 1999, “Stately Lover”, performed by Lacuna Coil:

links: miserable miserable

en-adv

expansion: miserably (comparative more miserably, superlative most miserably)

forms:
more miserably (comparative)
most miserably (superlative)

可哀

sense: in a miserable manner

roman: kě'āi

misérablement

code: fr

miseravelmente

code: pt

eländigt

code: sv

minåvmint

code: wa

etymology_text: From Middle English myserablie; equivalent to miserable + -ly.

inh

enm

myserablie

expansion: Middle English myserablie

af

miserable

-ly

id2: adverbial

expansion: miserable + -ly

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-miserably.wav


Indian elephant

text: The Indian Elephant is endemic to the region of interest, using both the Ganges and the Mekong Rivers as resources for water and bathing.

ref: 2021, Alice A. Horton, Isobelle Blissett, Impacts of Plastic Pollution on Freshwater Aquatic, Terrestrial and Avian Migratory Species in the Asia and Pacific Region, Convention on Migratory Species, page 22:

links:
Asian elephant
Asian elephant

glosses: A subspecies of the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus indicus, distributed across India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, Laos, southern China, Cambodia, Vietnam, and formerly Pakistan.

en-noun

expansion: Indian elephant (plural Indian elephants)

forms: Indian elephants (plural)

印度象

sense: Elephas maximus

roman: Yìndù xiàng

インド象

code: ja

roman: Indo zō

인도코끼리

code: ko

roman: indokokkiri

elefant indian

code: ro

инди́йский слон

roman: indíjskij slon


Asian elephant

links:
Elephas maximus
Elephas maximus#Translingual

links: Asia Asia

glosses: An elephant, Elephas maximus, found in Asia.

expansion: Asian elephant (plural Asian elephants)

forms: Asian elephants (plural)

亞洲象 /亚洲象

sense: an elephant, Elephas maximus, found in Asia

roman: yàzhōuxiàng

Asiatischer Elefant

code: de

asíufíll

code: is

アジア象

roman: Ajia zō

아시아코끼리

roman: asiakokkiri

ale

code: clt

азиа́тский слон

roman: aziátskij slon

ఆసియా ఏనుగు

code: te

roman: āsiyā ēnugu


mob-handed

text: 'I didn't expect to see you today,' he went on, 'especially not mob-handed. Mind you, I don't remember a great deal about seeing you yesterday.'

ref: 2005, Quintin Jardine, Lethal Intent:

text: It was 2-0 on 40 minutes, the goal coming after another mob-handed attack against a defence that just seemed to be sinking backwards.

ref: 2025 January 3, Barney Ronay, “Crystal Palace through after Millwall keeper’s red for head-high tackle on Mateta”, in The Guardian:

links: group group

links: violent violent

links: threatening threatening

raw_glosses: (UK) Being a member of a group, especially one with violent or threatening intent.

en-adj

expansion: mob-handed (comparative more mob-handed, superlative most mob-handed)

forms:
more mob-handed (comparative)
most mob-handed (superlative)
mobhanded (alternative)
mob handed (alternative)


mob-handed

text: The forces of the law waded in mob-handed when, it seems, they ought to have applied a lighter, more consensual touch.

ref: 2014 September 5, Boyd Tonkin, “Ashya King showed we still don’t know the limits of liberty”, in The Independent:

raw_glosses: (UK) As a member of a group, especially one with violent or threatening intent.


African elephant

links:
Loxodonta africana
Loxodonta africana#Translingual

links:
Loxodonta cyclotis
Loxodonta cyclotis#Translingual

links: Africa Africa

glosses: Either of two species of elephant, Loxodonta africana or Loxodonta cyclotis, found in Africa.

en-noun

expansion: African elephant (plural African elephants)

forms: African elephants (plural)

African bush elephant

sense: African Loxodonta species

আফ্রিকান হাতি

code: bn

sense: Loxodonta africana or Loxodonta cyclotis found in Africa

roman: aphrikan hati

非洲象

roman: Fēizhōu xiàng

aafrika elevant

code: et

afrikannorsu

code: fi

アフリカ象

roman: Afurika zō

아프리카코끼리

roman: apeurikakokkiri

afrikansk elefant

code: no

słoń afrykański

code: pl

африка́нский слон

code: ru

roman: afrikánskij slon

ఆఫ్రికా ఏనుగు

roman: āphrikā ēnugu

audio: En-us-African elephant.oga