dhuundhuu

links:
black swan
black swan

links:
Cygnus atratus
Cygnus atratus#Translingual

expansion: dhuundhuu

forms: dhûndhu (alternative)


gabuuga

links: egg egg

links: brain brain

pos: noun

head

wrh

noun

expansion: gabuuga

etymology_text: Compare Gamilaraay gawugaa "head".

forms:
kábuka (alternative)
gabbuga (alternative)
kubbuga (alternative)


dhibilaayn

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
dĭbĭlain bird

english: (please add an English translation of this quotation)

type: quotation

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Dibbillain—birds.

links: bird bird

nouns

expansion: dhibilaayn

forms:
dĭbĭlain (alternative)
dibbillain (alternative)


gambal

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Gambal—a wild turkey.

translation: (please add an English translation of this quotation)

text: 1904, R. H. Mathews, The Wiradyuri and other languages of New South Wales, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 34

roman: Plain turkey .... .... gumbal.

links:
Ardeotis australis
Ardeotis australis#Translingual

glosses: Australian bustard, plains turkey (Ardeotis australis).

expansion: gambal

forms: gumbal (alternative)


guuguubarra

text: Laughing jackass .... guguburra.

ref: 1904, R. H. Mathews, “The Wiradyuri and other languages of New South Wales”, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volume 34:

links: kookaburra kookaburra#English

expansion: guuguubarra

etymology_text: Onomatopoeic of its call.

onomatopoeic

expansion: Onomatopoeic

forms: guguburra (alternative)


garruu

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Karro—a magpie.

links:
Australian magpie
Australian magpie

links:
Cracticus tibicen
Cracticus tibicen#Translingual

links:
Gymnorhina tibicen
Gymnorhina tibicen#Translingual

glosses: Australian magpie, Cracticus tibicen or Gymnorhina tibicen.

head

expansion: garruu

forms: karro (alternative)


guulirrji

roman: Peewee .. . . .. . . guliridyi.

links: peewee peewee

links: magpie-lark magpie-lark

links:
Grallina cyanoleuca
Grallina cyanoleuca#Translingual

glosses: peewee, magpie-lark, Grallina cyanoleuca

expansion: guulirrji

forms: guliridyi (alternative)


guuya

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
guya fish

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Guya—fish.

links: fish fish

expansion: guuya

etymology_text: Compare Gamilaraay guya.

forms: guya (alternative)


baadhin

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Bãdin—grandmother; a relative.

links: grandmother grandmother

expansion: baadhin

forms:
bãdin (alternative)
baayjin (alternative)


baluubuunildaayn

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Bállubúnildáin—a murderer.

links: murderer murderer

expansion: baluubuunildaayn

etymology_text: baluubuunil "to murder" + -daayn "-er"

forms: bállubúnildáin (alternative)


city council

text: Near-synonyms: town council, municipal council, common council, select council, consulate (obsolete), capitoulate (historical, Toulouse)

links: governing governing

links: body body

links: elected elected

links: management management

links: interest interest

glosses: A governing body of people elected to oversee management of a city and represent the interests of residents.

en-noun

expansion: city council (plural city councils)

forms: city councils (plural)

ajuntament

code: ca

sense: town/city governing body

市政會 /市政会

code: cmn

roman: shìzhènghuì

市政廳 /市政厅

roman: shìzhèngtīng

městská rada

code: cs

byråd

code: da

english: chartered towns, legally obsolete term

translation: chartered towns, legally obsolete term

kommunalbestyrelse

english: municipalities, contemporary legal term

translation: municipalities, contemporary legal term

gemeenteraad

code: nl

kaupunginvaltuusto

code: fi

conseil municipal

code: fr

concello

code: gl

Stadtrat

code: de

dewan kota

code: id

consiglio municipale

code: it

市議会

code: ja

alt: しぎかい

roman: shigikai

町議会

alt: ちょうぎかい

roman: chōgikai

english: town

translation: town

majlis bandaraya

code: ms

bystyre

code: nb

bystyre

code: nn

rada miejska

code: pl

conselho municipal

code: pt

consiliu local

code: ro

городско́й сове́т

code: ru

roman: gorodskój sovét

горсове́т

roman: gorsovét

муниципа́льный сове́т

roman: municipálʹnyj sovét

english: outside Russia

translation: outside Russia

ayuntamiento

code: es

sangguniang panlungsod

code: tl

note: of cities

sangguniang bayan

note: of towns or municipalities

кар кенеш

code: udm

roman: kar keńeš

горсовет

roman: gorsovet

міська́ ра́да

code: uk

roman: misʹká ráda

міськра́да

roman: misʹkráda

etymology_text: From city + council.


biyaga

text: Yesu agòɗ à azlaməna matapla la slaka aŋha, kà azladza tadzàhà madzay la dzibokw dzibokw la kəsaf biyaga la afik. (Mark 6:39)

translation: And he ordered them all to recline in groups on the green grass (Mark 6:39)

type: example

links: green green

pos: adj

head

mfh

adjective

expansion: biyaga


biyaga

links: tobacco tobacco

etymology_text: From English bacca, dialectal form of tobacco.

bor

en

bacca

expansion: English bacca


Homecoming King

links: college college

links:
high school
high school

links: man man

links: peer peer

links: reign reign

links: traditional traditional

links:
football
American football

links:
Homecoming Queen
Homecoming Queen

raw_glosses: (US) In colleges and high schools, a young man chosen by his peers to "reign" over the traditional activities associated with the Homecoming football game, usually alongside a Homecoming Queen.

en-noun

head: Homecoming King

expansion: Homecoming King (plural Homecoming Kings)

forms: Homecoming Kings (plural)


prom queen

links: woman woman

links: elect elect

links: honored honored

links: status status

links: school school

links: prom prom

links: related related

links: activities activity

raw_glosses: (US) In colleges and high schools, a young woman chosen, or sometimes elected by her peers, to have an honored status over the school's prom and related activities.

expansion: prom queen (plural prom queens)

forms: prom queens (plural)


prom king

raw_glosses: (US) In colleges and high schools, a young man chosen, or sometimes elected by his peers, to have an honored status over the school's prom and related activities.

expansion: prom king (plural prom kings)

forms: prom kings (plural)


city administrator

links: management management

glosses: A person hired by a city to oversee the day-to-day management of city business.

expansion: city administrator (plural city administrators)

forms: city administrators (plural)

hallintojohtaja

code: fi

sense: a person hired by a city to oversee the day-to-day management of city business


हिन्दुस्तान

links: हिंदुस्तान हिंदुस्तान#Hindi

links: Hindustan Hindustan

links: country country

links:
South Asia
South Asia#English

glosses: alternative spelling of हिंदुस्तान (hindustān): Hindustan; India (a country in South Asia)

हिंदुस्तान

pos: name

hi-proper noun

m

ur: ہندوستان

expansion: हिन्दुस्तान • (hindustān) m (Urdu spelling ہندوستان)

forms:
hindustān (romanization)
ہندوستان (Urdu)
हिन्दुस्तान (direct singular)
हिन्दुस्तान (oblique singular)
हिन्दुस्तान (singular vocative)

ipa: [ɦɪ̃n̪.d̪ʊs.t̪ä̃ːn]


हिन्दुस्तान

links: हिन्दोस्तान हिन्दोस्तान#Kashmiri

glosses: alternative form of हिन्दोस्तान (hindōstān): India (a country in South Asia)

head

ks

proper noun

g: m

Perso-Arabic

ہِندُستان

expansion: हिन्दुस्तान • (hindustān) m (Perso-Arabic ہِندُستان)

ks-proper noun

pa: ہِندُستان

forms:
hindustān (romanization)
ہِندُستان (Perso-Arabic)

हिन्दुस्तऻन्य

roman: hindustạ̄ny

ipa: /hindustaːn/


हिन्दुस्तान

head

mr

expansion: हिन्दुस्तान • (hindustān)

forms:
hindustān (romanization)
हिंदुस्तान (alternative)

etymology_text: Borrowed from Classical Persian هندوستان (hindūstān).

bor+

fa-cls

هندوستان

tr: hindūstān


birring

text: Bíring—the breast.

ref: 1892, James Günther, “Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri”, in John Fraser, editor, An Australian Language:

links: anatomy anatomy

links: chest chest

head

expansion: birring

etymology_text: From Proto-Central New South Wales *birriŋ, cognate with Gamilaraay biri and Ngiyambaa pirri.

inh

aus-cww-pro

*birriŋ

expansion: Proto-Central New South Wales *birriŋ

cog

kld

biri

expansion: Gamilaraay biri

wyb

pirri

expansion: Ngiyambaa pirri

forms: bíring (alternative)


birring

links: bosom bosom

links: breast breast

head

wyi

brim-brim

english: breast, milk

translation: breast, milk

forms: piRin (alternative)


school board

links: governing governing

links: elected elected

links:
board of directors
board of directors

links:
board of trustees
board of trustees

links:
school district
school district

glosses: A governing body of people elected (a board of directors or board of trustees) to oversee management of a school district and represent the interests of residents.

en-noun

expansion: school board (plural school boards)

forms: school boards (plural)

administració escolar

code: ca

sense: school board

schoolbestuur

code: nl

commission scolaire

code: fr

Schulausschuß

note: old spelling

skolstyrelse

code: sv

ủy ban học khu

code: vi


cassimere

links: cashmere cashmere#English

links: fabric fabric

links: kerseymere kerseymere

glosses: A thin, lightweight twilled woolen fabric; kerseymere.

links: warp warp

links: weft weft

glosses: An inexpensive version of this fabric, made with a cotton warp and a wool weft.

expansion: cassimere (countable and uncountable, plural cassimeres)

forms: cassimeres (plural)


kerseymere

text: I became aware of the figure of a youth about my own height, and habited in a white kerseymere morning frock, cut in the novel fashion of the one I myself wore at the moment.

ref: 1839, Edgar Allan Poe, William Wilson:

links: twilled twilled

links: woollen woollen

expansion: kerseymere (countable and uncountable, plural kerseymeres)

forms: kerseymeres (plural)

кашмир

code: bg

sense: A fine, twilled woollen cloth

roman: kašmir

etymology_text: Alteration of cassimere.

ipa: /ˈkəːzɪmɪə/


premiers

links: premier premier#English

head

en

noun form

expansion: premiers


premiers

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of premier

pos: verb

verb form


premiers

links: premier premier#Dutch

nl


premiers

links: premier premier#French

fr

adjective form

m-p

expansion: premiers (m-p)

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-premiers.wav


premiers

links: first first

pos: adv

fro

adverbs


premiers

links: premier premier#Spanish

es

g: m-p

g2: f-p

expansion: premiers m pl or f pl


premiers

links: premie premie#Swedish

sv


chopine

links: bottle bottle

links: wine wine

links: Bordeaux Bordeaux

links: liter liter

glosses: A bottle of wine (usually Bordeaux) containing 0.250 fluid liters, ⅓ of the volume of a standard bottle.

text: Byrlady your Ladyſhip is neerer Heauen then when I ſaw you laſt, by the altitude of a Choppine.

ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 263, column 2, lines 364-365:

text: He creaked to and fro, tiptoing up nearer heaven by the altitude of a chopine […]

ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[9]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

links: footwear footwear

links:
platform shoe
platform shoe

raw_glosses: (historical, footwear) A type of women's platform shoe that was popular in the 15th and 16th centuries.

qualifier: footwear

en-noun

expansion: chopine (plural chopines)

forms: chopines (plural)

etymology_text: Borrowed from French chopine, diminutive of chope + -ine. Doublet of chopin.

bor

fr

chopine

expansion: French chopine

ipa: /tʃəʊˈpiːn/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chopine.wav

rhymes: -iːn


chopine

links: pinte pinte

links: chopine chopine#English

links: demiard demiard

raw_glosses: (France, obsolete) a French pre-metric measure of capacity equal to half a pinte that was equivalent to 0.476 liters. Under the monarchy the measure varied from region to region, with the Parisian chopine being equivalent to 0.465 liters. 1 pinte ("quart") = 2 chopines ("pints") = 4 demiards ("half-pints")

raw_glosses: (France) a French metric chopine (or metric "pint") equal to 0.250 liters

links:
imperial pint
imperial pint

raw_glosses: (Canada) a French Canadian term for an imperial pint, equal to one eighth of an Imperial gallon, 20 Imperial ounces, or 0.568 liters

raw_glosses: (France) an amount of wine equivalent to 0.25 liters

fr-noun

f

expansion: chopine f (plural chopines)

etymology_text: Diminutive of chope + -ine.

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-chopine.wav

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-chopine.wav

note: Shawinigan

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-chopine.wav


chopine

raw_glosses: (footwear) chopine (type of platform shoe)

etymology_text: From Middle French chapin, from Old Spanish chapín.

inh

frm

chapin

expansion: Middle French chapin

der

osp

chapín

expansion: Old Spanish chapín


chopine

links: chopiner chopiner#French

glosses: first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive

glosses:
inflection of chopiner:
second-person singular imperative

head

expansion: chopine

etymology_text: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


rhodonite

text: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are […] . (Common gem materials not addressed in this article include amber, amethyst, chalcedony, garnet, lazurite, malachite, opals, peridot, rhodonite, spinel, tourmaline, turquoise and zircon.)

ref: 2012 March 23, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 14 Jun 2012, page 128:

links: mineralogy mineralogy

links: manganese manganese

links: inosilicate inosilicate

links: mineral mineral

links: iron iron

links: magnesium magnesium

links: Mn manganese

links: Fe iron

links: Mg magnesium

links: Ca calcium

links: Si silicon

links: O oxygen

raw_glosses: (mineralogy) A manganese inosilicate mineral with some substitution by iron and magnesium, of composition (Mn²⁺,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO₃.

en-noun

expansion: rhodonite (countable and uncountable, plural rhodonites)

forms: rhodonites (plural)

rhodium

english: etymologically related [via color] but not chemically related

rodonita

sense: A manganese inosilicate mineral

Rhodonit

code: de

rodonitas

code: lt

etymology_text: From Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) + -ite.

grc

ῥόδον

rose

expansion: Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”)

af

-ite

expansion: -ite


rhodonite

links: rhodonite rhodonite#English

fr-noun

expansion: rhodonite f (plural rhodonites)


favours

links: favour favour#English

head

expansion: favours

forms: favors (alternative)


favours

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of favour


thirds

links: third third#English

expansion: thirds

ipa: /θɜːdz/

ipa: /θɜɹdz/

rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)dz


thirds

text: Everybody helped themselves to seconds and Meren even went for thirds. He had always been partial to good food.

ref: 2012, Sean Clancy, The Fledgling:

links: third third

links: helping helping

links: food food

links: refill refill

glosses: A third helping of food for one person, or refill of coffee or other drink.

links: law law#English

links: estate estate

links: deceased deceased

links: husband husband

links: widow widow

links: entitled entitled

links: enjoy enjoy

raw_glosses: (law, historical) The third part of the estate of a deceased husband, which, by some local laws, the widow was entitled to enjoy during her life.

en-noun

expansion: thirds (uncountable)


thirds

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of third


archers

links: archer archer#English

head

expansion: archers


archers

links: archer archer#French

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-archers.wav


biscuits

links: biscuit biscuit#English

expansion: biscuits


biscuits

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of biscuit


biscuits

links: biscuit biscuit#Dutch

ipa: /bɪsˈkʋis/


biscuits

links: biscuit biscuit#French

expansion: biscuits m

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-biscuits.wav


afternoons

links: afternoon afternoon#English

expansion: afternoons

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-afternoons.wav


afternoons

text: We are closed afternoons.

en-adv

expansion: afternoons (not comparable)


allusions

links: allusion allusion#English

head

expansion: allusions


allusions

links: allusion allusion#French

g: f

expansion: allusions f

audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-allusions.wav


Franks

links: Frank Frank#English

expansion: Franks


Franks

links: surname surname

links:
unincorporated community
unincorporated community

links:
DeKalb County
DeKalb County#English

links: Illinois Illinois#English

links:
United States
United States#English

glosses: An unincorporated community in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States.

links:
Pulaski County
Pulaski County#English

links: Missouri Missouri#English

glosses: An unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Missouri, United States.


manifestations

links: manifestation manifestation#English

expansion: manifestations


manifestations

links: manifestation manifestation#French

expansion: manifestations f


manifestations

links: manifestation manifestation#Swedish

glosses: indefinite genitive singular of manifestation


beards

links: beard beard#English

expansion: beards

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-beards.wav


beards

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of beard


binds

links: bind bind#English

expansion: binds

ipa: /baɪndz/

rhymes: -aɪndz


binds

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bind


advertisements

links: advertisement advertisement#English

expansion: advertisements


crews

links: crew crew#English

expansion: crews

enpr: kro͞oz

ipa: /kɹuːz/

ipa: /kɹʉwz/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cruise.wav

ipa: /kɹuz/

ipa: /kɹʉːz/

ipa: /kɾʉz/

ipa: /kɹʉz/

ipa: /kɾɪʊ̯z/

homophone: cruise

homophone: Cruz

rhymes: -uːz


crews

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of crew


crews

links: crew crew#Spanish

expansion: crews m pl


bites

links: bite bite#English

expansion: bites

ipa: /baɪts/

rhymes: -aɪts

homophone: bights

homophone: bytes


bites

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bite


bites

links: bite bite#Latvian

bite

extra: (“bee”):

glosses:
inflection of bite (“bee”):
genitive singular

glosses:
inflection of bite (“bee”):
nominative/vocative/accusative plural

lv

expansion: bites f


bites

links: bi̇̀tė bitė#Lithuanian

bi̇̀tė

extra: bee

lt

head: bitès

expansion: bitès

forms: bitès (canonical)

ipa: [bʲɪˈtʲɛs]

rhymes: -ɛs


casts

links: cast cast#English

expansion: casts

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-casts.wav


casts

glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of cast


casts

links: cast cast#Catalan

ca

ipa: [ˈkasts]


casts

links: cast cast#Spanish

expansion: casts m pl


diffused

links: diffuse diffuse#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of diffuse

expansion: diffused


diffused

en-adj

expansion: diffused (comparative more diffused, superlative most diffused)

forms:
more diffused (comparative)
most diffused (superlative)


cornered

links: corner corner

links: person person

links: animal animal

links: forced forced

links: difficult difficult

links: inescapable inescapable

links: situation situation

raw_glosses: (figuratively) Of a person or animal, forced into a difficult or inescapable situation.

expansion: cornered (comparative more cornered, superlative most cornered)

forms:
more cornered (comparative)
most cornered (superlative)


cornered

links: corner corner#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of corner

head

expansion: cornered


cornered

enm

etymology_text: From corner + -ed.

af

corner

-ed

expansion: corner + -ed

ipa: /ˈkɔrnərid/

ipa: /ˈkɔrnərɛd/

ipa: /ˈkɔrneːrid/

forms:
cornerd (alternative)
cornerede (alternative)
cornerid (alternative)
corneryd (alternative)


certified

text: a certified organization

text: a certified product

links: official official

links: standard standard

links: law law#English

links: Authenticated authenticate

links: verified verify

links:
in writing
in writing

raw_glosses: (law) Authenticated or verified in writing.

en-adj

expansion: certified (not comparable)

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-certified.wav

parts: cer ti fied


certified

links: certify certify#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of certify

head

expansion: certified


spaced

en-adj

expansion: spaced (comparative more spaced, superlative most spaced)

forms:
more spaced (comparative)
most spaced (superlative)

rhymes: -eɪst


spaced

links: space space#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of space

head

expansion: spaced


stocked

links: stock stock#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of stock

expansion: stocked


stocked

text: a well-stocked fridge

en-adj

expansion: stocked (not comparable)

bevorratet

sense: having been replenished with stock


bewailed

links: bewail bewail#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of bewail

head

expansion: bewailed


angled

links: angle angle#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of angle

expansion: angled


angled

links: angle angle

text: the right-angled corner

en-adj

expansion: angled (not comparable)


billed

links: bill bill#English

head

expansion: billed

ipa: /bɪld/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-billed.wav

rhymes: -ɪld

homophone: build


billed

text: The toucan will not talk in the manner of the parrot, but he (or she) is an admirable listener. I have told the green-billed toucan many stories of bird-scandal without interruption, and, on the whole, the conversation has been most improving.

ref: 1894 March 23, Arthur Morrison, “Zig-Zag Scansorial”, Zig-Zags at the Zoo (XXI), in The Strand Magazine, volume 7, number 39, London: G. Newnes, page 247:

links: bill bill

raw_glosses: (in combination) Having a specified kind of bill (beak or beak-like projection).

en-adj

expansion: billed (not comparable)


boarded

links: architecture architecture

links: wooden wooden

raw_glosses: (architecture, of a structure, such as a roof, window, etc.) wooden, built with pieces of wood

qualifier: such as a roof; window; such as a roof; window

expansion: boarded (comparative more boarded, superlative most boarded)

forms:
more boarded (comparative)
most boarded (superlative)


boarded

links: board board#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of board

head

expansion: boarded


branded

links: brand brand#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of brand

expansion: branded


buzzed

text: But two bottles would alarm and confuse him, would lead to a conversation, so I smashed it merrily into a skip, buzzed and lit with the comforting foreknowledge of the second one on its way.

ref: 2021, Megan Nolan, Acts of Desperation, Random House, →ISBN:

links: intoxicated intoxicated

text: The jug used as a musical instrument is an empty jug (usually made of glass or stoneware) played with buzzed lips to produce a trombone-like tone.

ref: 2023 March 17, Wikipedia contributors, “Jug (instrument)”, in English Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation:

links: parted parted

links: buzzing buzzing

raw_glosses: (said of lips) Slightly parted so that they will make a buzzing sound when air (from the lungs) is forced out through them.

en-adj

expansion: buzzed (comparative more buzzed, superlative most buzzed)

forms:
more buzzed (comparative)
most buzzed (superlative)

ipa: /bʌzd/

rhymes: -ʌzd


buzzed

links: buzz buzz#English

head

expansion: buzzed


medicated

links: medicate medicate#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of medicate

expansion: medicated


contaminated

links: contaminate contaminate#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of contaminate

expansion: contaminated

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-contaminated.wav


contaminated

links: adulterate adulterate

links: impure impure

text: A "contaminated" runway has over 25% of its surface area covered with standing water or slush (or loose snow) more than 3mm thick, or compressed snow and ice anywhere along the takeoff run or accelerate-stop surface.

ref: 2004, Phil Croucher, JAR Professional Pilot Studies, pages 12–6:

glosses: made unfit for use by the introduction of unwholesome or undesirable elements.

en-adj

expansion: contaminated (comparative more contaminated, superlative most contaminated)

forms:
more contaminated (comparative)
most contaminated (superlative)

μιαρός

code: grc

sense: adulterated; impure

roman: miarós

nanu

code: mi

забруднений

roman: zabrudnenyj


congested

links: congest congest#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of congest

head

expansion: congested


congested

text: congested metro

text: congested roads

text: congested street

links: overcrowded overcrowded

en-adj

expansion: congested (comparative more congested, superlative most congested)

forms:
more congested (comparative)
most congested (superlative)


tracked

links: track track#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of track

head

expansion: tracked

homophone: tract


tracked

text: A tank is a tracked vehicle used in the military.

links: track track

en-adj

expansion: tracked (not comparable)

Raupen-

sense: mounted on tracks

gąsienicowy

code: pl


annexed

links: annex annex#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of annex

head

expansion: annexed

ipa: /ˈænɛkst/


arrayed

links: array array#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of array

expansion: arrayed

ipa: /əˈɹeɪd/

rhymes: -eɪd


burdened

text: Caregivers who do not feel burdened are unlikely to perceive a need for services.

ref: 1990, Confused Minds, Burdened Families, page 114:

text: When my clients describe themselves as the black sheep in their families, they often feel very burdened.

ref: 2022, Destini Ann Davis, Very Intentional Parenting:

text: Not any more burdened by modesty than you used to be, I perceive, young lady.

ref: 2023, Mrs. George de Horne Vaizey, More About Peggy, page 27:

links: encumber encumber

links: burden burden

glosses: encumbered by a literal or figurative burden; having too much to deal with.

en-adj

expansion: burdened (comparative more burdened, superlative most burdened)

forms:
more burdened (comparative)
most burdened (superlative)


burdened

text: In the reverse direction, creature comforts were not closely studied, and the vessel left Antwerp at 1 p.m., to arrive in Harwich at the awkward hour of 2 a.m. The boat train was waiting for the weary stream of passengers, who straggled up George Street, encumbered with luggage, or following burdened porters in the darkness.

ref: 1951 November, K. Westcott Jones, “Parkeston Quay and the Antwerp Continental Service”, in Railway Magazine, page 760:

links: burden burden#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of burden

head

expansion: burdened


debased

links: debase debase#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of debase

expansion: debased


debased

text: 8), Azure, a thistle ensigned with an Imperial Crown, all proper; and its use is pretty frequent in the somewhat debased heraldry of the close of the last century and the beginning of the present.

ref: 1892, John Woodward, George Burnett, A Treatise on Heraldry, British and Foreign: With English and French Glossaries, page 335:

text: 58,) and also a new crest, viz. upon a wreath argent and vert, a demi-dragon erased gules P, gorged about the loins with a ducal coronet ... 59,) are an admirable specimen of the complex and debased heraldry of the day. 1515.

ref: 1847, Henry Gough, A Glossary of Terms Used in British Heraldry: With a Chronological Table, Illustrative of Its Rise and Progress:

text: The badge itself is a remarkable medley of objects, and another good example of the debased heraldry of Tudor days. It represents a castle with the crowned hawthorn tree of the Tudors growing in the lower ward behind the principal[…]

ref: 1912, Edward Earle Dorling, Leopards of England, and Other Papers on Heraldry, page 54:

text: DEBASED HERALDRY. Of debased heraldry there is no lack of examples, and a few are ancient. Thomas de Insula, bishop of Ely (1345-61), bore gules, three bezants, on each a crowned king, robed sable, doubled ermine, sustaining[…]

ref: 1892, The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature ; the R.S. Peale Reprint, with New Maps and Original American Articles, page 704:

links: degraded degraded

text: For quotations using this term, see Citations:debased.

links: heraldry heraldry

links: Abased abased

links: abaissé abaissé

raw_glosses: (heraldry) Abased, abaissé: (of a charge) borne lower than usual.

en-adj

expansion: debased (comparative more debased, superlative most debased)

forms:
more debased (comparative)
most debased (superlative)


nailed

links: nail nail#English

head

expansion: nailed

ipa: /neɪld/

rhymes: -eɪld


nailed

text: a red-nailed finger

links: nail nail

raw_glosses: (often in combination) Having nails (of a specified kind).

en-adj

expansion: nailed (not comparable)


enlisted

links: enlist enlist#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of enlist

head

expansion: enlisted

rhymes: -ɪstɪd


enlisted

links:
commissioned officer
commissioned officer

glosses: Belonging to the military, but not as a commissioned officer.

en-adj

expansion: enlisted (not comparable)


enlisted

links: enlist enlist

links:
commissioned officers
commissioned officers

glosses: Those individuals who have enlisted in the military and who are not commissioned officers.

en-noun

expansion: enlisted (uncountable)


enumerated

text: Washington sided with Hamilton and the result was that an incidental or "implied" power was created that exceeded in size and scope the very enumerated power it was to implement!

ref: 1974, New Hampshire Bar Journal - Volume 16, page 291:

text: The issue I have with H.R. 9 is I just look at it and think to myself, there are a lot of attorney's fees, and crossing T's and dotting I's, and is there going to be a little side litigation about did we fill the complaint out correctly? I mean, it just seems very enumerated.

ref: 2015, United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet, Patent Reform, page 52:

text: The federal government would have very narrow, very defined, very enumerated powers , while the power of states would be more expansive.

ref: 2021, John Tamny, When Politicians Panicked:

links: enumeration enumeration

glosses: Specified (especially when fully specified) by an enumeration or list of steps, parts, values, amounts, etc.;

text: Enumerated types make your code easy to modify.

ref: 2004, Steve McConnell, Code Complete, page 304:

links: computing computing#Noun

raw_glosses: (computing) Defined to consist of a specified list of possible values.

text: Sugar was originally an enumerated commodity which could be exported only to Great Britain.

ref: 1776, Adam Smith, An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations:

text: It will be seen that the scope of an enumerated motion is so wide that its determination disposes of the issues; while a nonenumerated motion, under which designation fall all motions other than those included in the enumerated class, concerns merely some matter incidental to the main course of the litigation.

ref: 1903, George Alfred Miller, An Introduction to Practice, page 116:

text: For example, during the nineteenth century, courts often considered whether a claimed right fell within an enumerated right in the federal or state constitution.

ref: 2009, Kurt T. Lash, The Lost History of the Ninth Amendment, page 80:

text: As such , Congress has the very enumerated constitutional authority for requiring military service that it lacks for requiring the purchase of health insurance.

ref: 2011, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary, The Constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act, page 252:

glosses: Having been included or listed in an enumeration of possibilities.

text: Continuing the analogy, just as the numeric constant Math.PI can be assigned to a variable of its type (i.e., double), an enumerated constant can be assigned to a variable of its type (e.g. Team).

ref: 2021, William McAllister, S. Jane Fritz, Programming Fundamentals Using JAVA:

raw_glosses: (computing) Having one of the possible values specified in advance for a type defined by an enumeration.

text: London, with an enumerated population of 3,814,571, showed the deaths from all causes to be 81,832, being an average of 21.5.

ref: 1884, The Health Exhibition Literature: Health in the dwelling, page 208:

text: Certainly were the Congress through the Appropriations Committee to indicate to us that a certain enumerated amount of funds were to be made available, we would indicate to the committee how in our best judgment those funds should be distributed over the several management aspects of the total national forest system.

ref: 1960, Interior Department and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1961, page 738:

text: We said, at the time, that it was very enumerated relief . We could say very much to the dollar how much relief it would be, and that is the relief that Iran has gotten.

ref: 2015, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs, State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs, page 507:

glosses: Having been specified by a precise numeric value.

en-adj

expansion: enumerated (comparative more enumerated, superlative most enumerated)

forms:
more enumerated (comparative)
most enumerated (superlative)


enumerated

links: enumerate enumerate#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of enumerate

head

expansion: enumerated


excepted

links: except except#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of except

expansion: excepted


exiled

links: exile exile#English

glosses: simple past and past participle of exile

expansion: exiled


royally

text: Unless it was decreed royally, it never got done.

links: royal royal

links: royalty royalty

glosses: In a royal manner; in a manner having to do with royalty.

text: Bahira returned his stare, royally annoyed with herself for letting him affect her.

ref: 1991, Helen Mittermeyer, A Moment in Time, page 32:

text: Still, it may be too soon to conclude that the Fed has royally screwed up.

ref: 2025 August 2, Bryan Mena, “Did the Fed just royally screw up?”, in CNN Business, archived from the original on 20 Aug 2025:

links: Excessively excessively

links: thoroughly thoroughly

raw_glosses: (colloquial, idiomatic) Excessively; thoroughly.

en-adv

expansion: royally (comparative more royally, superlative most royally)

forms:
more royally (comparative)
most royally (superlative)

reĝe

code: eo

sense: in a royal manner

rouoyalement

code: nrf

erittäin

sense: excessively, thoroughly

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
English royal
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English royally
From royal + -ly.

ety

:af

royal

expansion:
Etymology tree
English royal
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English royally
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ly", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "royally", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="royally">
From royal + -ly.

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-royally.wav


neighing

links: neigh neigh#English

head

expansion: neighing


neighing

text:
And when the earth beneath his tameless tread,
Shook with the sullen thunder, he would spread
His nostrils to the blast, and joyously
Mock the fierce peal with neighings; […]

ref: 1817 December, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Revolt of Islam. […]”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 278:

text: During the night a neighing of horses was heard, and when day broke, they found these three animals had joined those belonging to our party.

ref: 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 106:

text: Old pigtailed seamen would tell of horseshoes found in the meat casks; of curious barkings and neighings heard in the slaughter-houses; and of negroes who disappeared near the victualling yards, to be seen no more.

ref: 1905, John Masefield, Sea Life in Nelson's Time:

links: neigh neigh#Verb

glosses: The sound made by a horse: an act or instance of the verb neigh.

en-noun

expansion: neighing (countable and uncountable, plural neighings)

forms: neighings (plural)


blasting

text: The TV is blasting. Please turn it down!

links: blast blast#English

head

expansion: blasting

etymology_text: From Middle English blastynge, equivalent to blast + -ing (present participle ending).

inh

enm

blastynge

expansion: Middle English blastynge

af

blast

-ing

pos2: present participle ending


blasting

text: But it was a different matter altogether when the blasting of the tunnel was commenced.

ref: 1960 December, Voyageur, “The Mountain Railways of the Bernese Oberland”, in Trains Illustrated, page 754:

links: explosion explosion

links: mining mining

text: If there be in the land famine, if there be pestilence, blasting, mildew, locust, or if there be caterpiller: if their enemy besiege them in the land of their cities, whatsoeuer plague, whatsoeuer sicknes there be;

ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Kings 8:37:

text: They showed signs of the blightings and blastings of time, in their outward aspect, but they were young within; young and cheerful, and ready to talk […]

ref: 1897, Mark Twain, Following the Equator […] , New York: American Publishing Company:

links: blast blast

links: blight blight

glosses: The act by which something is blasted, or blighted.

links: bodybuilding bodybuilding#Noun

links: Administering administer

links: PED PED

links: cruising cruising

raw_glosses: (bodybuilding, slang) Administering full dosage of PEDs as opposed to lowering them during times of so-called cruising.

en-noun

expansion: blasting (plural blastings)

forms: blastings (plural)

etymology_text: From Middle English blastyng, blastynge, equivalent to blast + -ing (gerundive ending).

inh

blastyng

expansion: Middle English blastyng

pos2: gerundive ending

expansion: blast + -ing (gerundive ending)


blossoming

links: blossom blossom#English

glosses: present participle and gerund of blossom

head

expansion: blossoming

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-blossoming.wav


blossoming

text: “The Vagrants” begins on March 21, 1979 — the spring equinox — which is this careful writer’s way of telling us that a long winter of privation and darkness may be giving way, at last, to the blossomings of spring.

ref: 2009 March 8, Pico Iyer, “Crimes of Innocence”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 05 Mar 2017:

glosses: The act or process by which something blossoms.

en-noun

expansion: blossoming (plural blossomings)

forms: blossomings (plural)


boating

text: I like nothing better than to hear of your ridings, and shootings, and boatings.

ref: 1853, Charlotte Mary Yonge, The Heir of Redclyffe, volume 1, page 95:

text: With the old boatmen holding annual re-unions at Rolling Green Park, tales and exciting moments of boatings and fishing in the old canal are told and re-told among veteran boatmen.

ref: 1953, Pennsylvania Angler, volumes 22-23, page 61:

glosses: The activity of going out onto a body of water in a boat.

links: Persia Persia

links: punishment punishment

links: capital capital

links: offender offender

raw_glosses: (historical) In Persia, a punishment of capital offenders, by laying them on the back in a covered boat, where they are left to perish.

expansion: boating (countable and uncountable, plural boatings)

forms: boatings (plural)

гребане

sense: The activity of going out in a boat

roman: grebane

bádóireacht

code: ga

etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *bʰóydos
Proto-Germanic *baitaz
Proto-West Germanic *bait
Old English bāt
Middle English bot
English boat
English -ing
English boating
From boat + -ing.

ety

boat

-ing

expansion:
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *bʰóydos
Proto-Germanic *baitaz
Proto-West Germanic *bait
Old English bāt
Middle English bot
English boat
English -ing
English boating
[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*baitaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*bait", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "bāt", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "bot", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "boat", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ing", "status" : "ambiguous", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "boating", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="boating">
From boat + -ing.

ipa: /ˈbəʊtɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-boating.wav

ipa: /ˈboʊtɪŋ/

ipa: [ˈboʊ̯ɾɪŋ]

homophone: boding

rhymes: -əʊtɪŋ


boating

links: boat boat#English

head

expansion: boating


bobbing

links: bob bob

en-noun

expansion: bobbing (countable and uncountable, plural bobbings)

forms: bobbings (plural)


bounding

links: bound bound#English

head

expansion: bounding

ipa: /ˈbaʊndɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bounding.wav

rhymes: -aʊndɪŋ


bounding

raw_glosses: (uncountable) The use of fire protection products within limits determined by scientific tests.

text: Without buttings or boundings on any side.

ref: a. 1709, William Beveridge, The Being, Love, and Other Attributes of God:

links: boundary boundary

en-noun

expansion: bounding (countable and uncountable, plural boundings)

forms: boundings (plural)


bounding

links: geometry geometry

links: point point

links: set set

raw_glosses: (geometry) Containing all points of a given set within it.

en-adj

expansion: bounding (not comparable)


dimming

links: dim dim#English

head

expansion: dimming

ipa: /ˈdɪmɪŋ/

rhymes: -ɪmɪŋ


dimming

text: Then, as also happens, there were slowdowns; dimmings, even blackouts here and there.

ref: 2008 March 28, Holland Cotter, “When the Islamic World Was Inspired by the West”, in New York Times:

links: dim dim

en-noun

expansion: dimming (plural dimmings)

forms: dimmings (plural)


planking

links: plank plank

text: First, there was planking. People taking pictures of themselves in a planked position and putting the photos on the Internet.

ref: 2012 March 28, Trey Parker, “Faith Hilling”, in South Park, season 16, episode 3, spoken by Reporter:

text: […] but, like planking, horsemanning, Tebowing, Hadoukening, and other viral photography memes, as a genre of public performance, dance in public is greatly facilitated by the channels of distribution that social media offer, […]

ref: 2020, Harmony Bench, Perpetual Motion: Dance, Digital Cultures, and the Common:

links: lying lying

raw_glosses: (slang) The practice of lying face down with arms to the sides, in unusual public spaces, and taking photographs to record the act.

expansion: planking (countable and uncountable, plural plankings)

forms: plankings (plural)

дъсчена облицовка

sense: series of planks

roman: dǎsčena oblicovka

tavolato

code: it

entablado

code: es

planking

etymology_text: From plank + -ing.

ety

plank

expansion: From plank + -ing.

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-planking.wav


planking

links: plank plank#English

head

expansion: planking


plating

links: plate plate#English

expansion: plating

nonlemma

expansion: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ipa: /ˈpleɪtɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-plating.wav

rhymes: -eɪtɪŋ


plating

links: philately philately

links:
postage stamp
postage stamp

links: positioned positioned

links: sheet sheet

raw_glosses: (philately) An act of determining where a postage stamp is positioned on a sheet.

links: coating coating

links: metal metal

glosses: A thin coating of metal laid upon another metal.

text: Her fragility and vulnerability lie in the fact that her framework is overlaid with a relatively thin skin of plating, an inch or so in thickness, which, while amply strong to resist the inward pressure of the water, the impact of the seas, and the tensile and compressive stresses due to the motion of the ship in a seaway, etc., is readily fractured by the blow of a collision.

ref: 1912, J. Bernard Walker, An Unsinkable Titanic, page 105:

text: The back plating looks vulnerable, light that sucker up!

ref: 2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, spoken by Marcus Stacker (Pete Stacker), Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: The Ark:

links: defensive defensive

links: armour armour

glosses: A coating or defensive armour of metal plates.

glosses: The presentation of food that is ready to be served.

en-noun

expansion: plating (plural platings)

forms: platings (plural)

pladning

code: da

sense: philately

галванизация

sense: thin coating of metal

roman: galvanizacija

покритие

roman: pokritie

鍍層 /镀层

code: cmn

roman: dùcéng

pinnoitus

code: fi

pelapisan

code: id

鍍金

code: ja

alt: めっき, mekki, ときん, tokin

металдандыру

code: kk

roman: metaldandyru

도금

code: ko

roman: dogeum

alt: 鍍金

penyaduran

code: ms

പൂശൽ

code: ml

roman: pūśal

آبکاری

code: fa

asettelu

sense: presentation of food

etymology_text: From Middle English *platynge, from Old English platung (“plate, thin piece of metal”), equivalent to plate + -ing.

inh

*platynge

expansion: Middle English *platynge

ang

platung

t: plate, thin piece of metal

suf

plate

id2: gerund noun

expansion: plate + -ing


cancelling

links: cancel cancel#English

head

expansion: cancelling

forms: canceling (alternative)


ceasing

links: cease cease#English

expansion: ceasing

ipa: /ˈsiːsɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ceasing.wav

rhymes: -iːsɪŋ


ceasing

text: If one can discern the arising and ceasing of the four elements innumerable times in one day alone, the changes, arisings, and ceasings of the derivative material qualities are also discerned.

ref: 2017, Ven Ledi Sayadaw, The Manual of Insight and the Noble Eightfold Path and Its Factors Explained:

links: cessation cessation

en-noun

expansion: ceasing (plural ceasings)

forms: ceasings (plural)


chafing

links: chafe chafe#English

head

expansion: chafing

ipa: /ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ/

note: no NG-coalescence

ipa: /ˈtʃeɪfɪnɡ/


chafing

text: The constant and irresistible pressure of such a ponderous mass in motion must occasion certain rubbings and chafings against the rugged bottoms and projecting sides of the rocks amid which they move.

ref: 1853, The Popular Educator: Volume 3, page 325:

links: chafe chafe

en-noun

expansion: chafing (plural chafings)

forms: chafings (plural)

Reiben

code: de

sense: the rubbing together of objects

ἀνάτριψις

code: grc

roman: anátripsis

tritūra

code: la

hikahikanga

code: mi

skavning

code: sv


chirping

links: chirp chirp#English

head

expansion: chirping


chirping

text: Let the songs be loud and cheerful, and not chirpings or pulings.

ref: 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Masques and Triumphs”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

text: We heard the peculiar note of the woodcock, which resembles the repeated croaking of the frog, followed by a sharp hissing sound, somewhat like the noisy chirping of the wagtail[.]

ref: 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 85:

text: Adler's prose seeks to catch the whispers and chirpings of insanity rather than the lamentations of suffering.

ref: 2009 January 11, Richard Lourie, “Displaced Minds”, in New York Times:

links: chirp chirp

raw_glosses: (gerund of chirp) The act, or an instance of, chirping.

en-noun

expansion: chirping (plural chirpings)

forms: chirpings (plural)


big old

links: big big

links: really really

raw_glosses: (US, idiomatic, informal, chiefly Southern US) Emphatically or impressively big; really big.

en-adj

expansion: big old (not comparable)

forms:
big ole (alternative)
big ol' (alternative)

audio: en-au-big old.ogg


strangling

links: strangle strangle#English

glosses: present participle and gerund of strangle

head

expansion: strangling


strangling

en-noun

expansion: strangling (countable and uncountable, plural stranglings)

forms: stranglings (plural)

wurging

code: nl

sense: The crime of killing by strangling

ἀγχόνη

roman: ankhónē

estrangulamento

code: pt

удуше́ние

code: ru

roman: udušénije


circling

links: circle circle#English

head

expansion: circling


circling

text: […] one of these birds came wheeling and screaming round his head in a maze of untrackably swift circlings.

ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

text: The mentoring curriculum included feminist strategies designed to facilitate egalitarian relationships in the groups, including circling, where each person takes a turn to speak while others in the group listen in situations involving decision making or conflict, […]

ref: 1996, Bonnie J. Leadbeater, Niobe Way, Urban Girls: Resisting Stereotypes, Creating Identities, page 129:

links: therapeutic therapeutic

raw_glosses: (uncountable) The practice of sitting in a circle and taking turns to speak about one's emotions or experiences while the others listen, intended to be therapeutic or to strengthen relations within the group.

links: secretive secretive

links:
drinking game
drinking game

raw_glosses: (University of Warwick slang) A class of secretive drinking games, each with an unknown set of rules which new players must learn by immersion, taking place with participants sitting in a circle and drinking upon certain conditions being met.

qualifier: University of Warwick slang

en-noun

expansion: circling (countable and uncountable, plural circlings)

forms: circlings (plural)


forging

links: forge forge#English

head

expansion: forging


forging

text: […] repeated forgings and workings of wrought-iron […]

ref: 1868, Francis Herbert Joynson, The Metals Used in Construction: Iron, Steel, Bessemer Metal, page 68:

glosses: The process of shaping by heating and hammering.

text: […]one set of 16-inch steel gun forgings[…]

ref: 1896, United States, Annual report of the Secretary of War:

text: Fabrication has been the method used in the construction of many components that would normally be made from steel castings and forgings.

ref: 1944 July and August, “British-Built Austerity 2-10-0 Locomotive”, in Railway Magazine, pages 222, 225:

links: forge forge

raw_glosses: (countable) A component that is forged (shaped by heating and hammering).

en-noun

expansion: forging (countable and uncountable, plural forgings)

forms: forgings (plural)


coping

text: Three chairs of the steamer type, all maimed, comprised the furniture of this roof-garden, with (by way of local color) on one of the copings a row of four red clay flower-pots filled with sun-baked dust […]

ref: 1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter I (Anarchy), page 377, column 2:

text: He stood a moment at the coping, looking over a land of hard little bungalows with abnormally large porches, and new apartment-houses, small, but brave with variegated brick walls and terra-cotta trimmings.

ref: 1922, Sinclair Lewis, “28”, in Babbitt:

links: architecture architecture

links: layer layer

links: wall wall

raw_glosses: (architecture) The top layer of a brick wall, especially one that slopes in order to throw off water.

links: psychology psychology

links: stress stress

links: conflict conflict

raw_glosses: (psychology) The process of managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve personal and interpersonal problems, and seeking to master, minimize, reduce or tolerate stress or conflict.

links: falconry falconry

links: beak beak

links: talon talon

raw_glosses: (falconry) The process of clipping the beak or talons of a bird.

expansion: coping (countable and uncountable, plural copings)

forms: copings (plural)

capezzata

code: it

albardilla

code: es

coping

sense: the process of managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve personal and interpersonal problems, and seeking to master, minimize, reduce or tolerate stress or conflict.

о́пір

code: uk

roman: ópir

протистоя́ння

roman: protystojánnja

etymology_text: From cope + -ing. The sense referring to a brick wall is cope (sense 2), used in the sense "dress in a cope," "to cover."

suffix

cope

ing

expansion: cope + -ing


coping

links: cope cope#English

head

expansion: coping


dyeing

links: dye dye#English

expansion: dyeing

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-dyeing.wav

rhymes: -aɪɪŋ

homophone: dying


dyeing

text: Ninety per cent of the dyeings on silk, 72 per cent of the dyeings on rayon, 70 per cent of the dyeings on cotton showed no color change.

ref: 1930, United States. National Bureau of Standards, Bureau of Standards journal of research, volume 3, page 50:

text: In the traditional workshops of Surakarta, where the best quality batik tulis textiles are still created, low-paid women and girls use melted wax to meticulously hand-draw patterns before subsequent dyeings and rewaxings, […]

ref: 2013, Lyn Parker, Pam Nilan, Adolescents in Contemporary Indonesia, page 52:

en-noun

expansion: dyeing (plural dyeings)

forms: dyeings (plural)

Färbung

sense: Translations


jutting

links: jut jut#English

head

expansion: jutting

ipa: /ˈd͡ʒʌtɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-jutting.wav

rhymes: -ʌtɪŋ


jutting

text: By degrees an union takes place between them, and at the same time the osseous substance thickens at its first points of existence, at the juttings representing the grinding tubercles[…]

ref: 1834, The London Medical Gazette, volume 13, page 110:

text: He leaped forward, brandishing his knife, while the Sons of the Egg fell in behind him. The warlocks began to close ranks, falling back to make a stand under the jutting edge of the roof, where they could protect the orrery. Bork and Ser Perth were among them, bloody but hopelessly determined.

ref: 1963, Lester del Rey, The Sky Is Falling:

en-noun

expansion: jutting (plural juttings)

forms: juttings (plural)


corrupting

links: corrupt corrupt#English

glosses: present participle and gerund of corrupt

head

expansion: corrupting


courting

links: court court#English

expansion: courting


courting

links: courtship courtship

links: amorous amorous

links: advance advance

en-noun

expansion: courting (countable and uncountable, plural courtings)

forms: courtings (plural)


flogging

text: What lawbreakers like that need is a good flogging. Do that and watch the crime rate plummet.

text: However, brutal floggings, increased terms of katorga, starvation diets, permanent chaining to a wheelbarrow and other fearsome sanctions failed to staunch the flow.

ref: 1991, Alan Wood, “Russia’s ‘Wild East’: exile, vagrancy and crime in nineteenth-century Siberia”, in Alan Wood, editor, The History of Siberia: From Russian Conquest to Revolution, London; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 124:

links: blow blow

links: whipping whipping

glosses: Infliction of punishment by dealing blows or whipping.

expansion: flogging (countable and uncountable, plural floggings)

forms: floggings (plural)

fshikullim

code: sq

sense: infliction of punishment by dealing blows or whipping

جَلْد

code: ar

roman: jald

ծեծ

code: hy

roman: cec

գան

code: xcl

roman: gan

鞭打

code: cmn

roman: biāndǎ

ruoskinta

code: fi

flagellation

code: fr

გამათრახება

code: ka

roman: gamatraxeba

გაწკეპლვა

roman: gac̣ḳeṗlva

გაროზგვა

roman: garozgva

ფლაგელაცია

roman: plagelacia

ostorozás

code: hu

鞭打ち

code: ja

alt: むちうち

roman: muchiuchi

chîngneuse

code: nrf

chłosta

code: pl

по́рка

roman: pórka

kamçılama

code: tr

ipa: /ˈflɒɡɪŋ/

audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-flogging.wav

rhymes: -ɒɡɪŋ


flogging

text: Will you get out of the flogging bathroom? We're already running late.

text: Cripes, this floggin’ rain’d make you cry, wouldn’t it?

ref: 1955, D'Arcy Niland, The Shiralee, Sydney, page 122:

links:
minced oath
minced oath

links: fucking fucking

links: intensifier intensifier

raw_glosses: (Australia, colloquial, euphemistic) A minced oath of "fucking" as an intensifier.

en-adj

expansion: flogging (not comparable)


flogging

links: flog flog#English

head

expansion: flogging


halting

text: his halting speech

text: her halting steps

text: Him we enlisted at Para, on the recommendation of the steamship company, on whose vessels he had learned to speak a halting English.

ref: 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

links: broken broken

glosses: Prone to pauses or breaks; hesitant; broken.

en-adj

expansion: halting (comparative more halting, superlative most halting)

forms:
more halting (comparative)
most halting (superlative)

колеблив

code: bg

sense: hesitant or broken

roman: kolebliv

заекващ

roman: zaekvašt

stoppen

code: nl

pāremoremo

code: mi

note: of speech


halting

text: But alas ! alas ! the faintings, the haltings, the back-slidings of Christians, are enough to make us tremble while we rejoice in the hope set before us.

ref: 1841, George Mogridge, Thoughts for the thoughtful, by old Humphrey, page 167:

links: stop stop

links: hesitancy hesitancy

glosses: The action of one who halts; a stopping or hesitancy.

en-noun

expansion: halting (plural haltings)

forms: haltings (plural)

hiatus

sense: stopping, hesitancy


honkin'

links: big big

links: really really

raw_glosses: (US, slang) Emphatically or impressively big; really big.

text: But that hasn't stopped U2 from assuming the mantle as the biggest, honkin'-est rock band in the world and running with it.

ref: 1997 March 5, Will Hermes, “The Importance of Being Earnest: U2 goes forward and backward with Pop”, in Minneapolis City Pages:

en-adj

expansion: honkin' (comparative more honkin', superlative most honkin')

forms:
more honkin' (comparative)
most honkin' (superlative)
honking (alternative)

etymology_text: From honking or honkingly by shortening.


honkin'

links: Very very

links: tremendously tremendously


big ole

links:
big old
big old#English

raw_glosses: (idiomatic, chiefly Southern US) Alternative spelling of big old.

expansion: big ole (not comparable)

audio: en-au-big ole.ogg


eixir

links: quit quit

links: exit exit

ca-verb

expansion: eixir (first-person singular present ixo, first-person singular preterite eixí, past participle eixit)

forms:
ixo (first-person present singular)
eixí (first-person preterite singular)
eixit (participle past)
eixir (infinitive)
eixint (gerund)
eixit (masculine participle past singular)
eixida (feminine participle past singular)
eixits (masculine participle past plural)
eixides (feminine participle past plural)
ixo (first-person indicative present singular)
ixes (indicative present second-person singular)
ix (indicative present singular third-person)
eixim (first-person indicative plural present)
eixiu (indicative plural present second-person)
ixen (indicative plural present third-person)
eixia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eixies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eixia (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
eixíem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eixíeu (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
eixien (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
eixiré (first-person future indicative singular)
eixiràs (future indicative second-person singular)
eixirà (future indicative singular third-person)
eixirem (first-person future indicative plural)
eixireu (future indicative plural second-person)
eixiran (future indicative plural third-person)
eixí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
eixires (indicative preterite second-person singular)
eixí (indicative preterite singular third-person)
eixírem (first-person indicative plural preterite)
eixíreu (indicative plural preterite second-person)
eixiren (indicative plural preterite third-person)
eixiria (conditional first-person indicative singular)
eixiries (conditional indicative second-person singular)
eixiria (conditional indicative singular third-person)
eixiríem (conditional first-person indicative plural)
eixiríeu (conditional indicative plural second-person)
eixirien (conditional indicative plural third-person)
ixi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ixis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ixi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
eixim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
eixiu (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ixin (plural present subjunctive third-person)
eixís (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
eixissis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
eixís (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
eixíssim (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
eixíssiu (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
eixissin (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ix (imperative second-person)
ixi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular)
eixim (first-person imperative plural)
eixiu (imperative plural second-person)
ixin (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically)
no ixis (imperative negative second-person)
no ixi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular)
no eixim (first-person imperative negative plural)
no eixiu (imperative negative plural second-person)
no ixin (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically)

etymology_text: Inherited from Latin exīre. Compare Occitan eissir, Italian uscire, archaic French issir, and Old Spanish exir.

yesno

i

I

expansion: I

glossary

Inherited

expansion: Inherited

inh

la

exeō

exīre

expansion: Latin exīre

inh+

expansion: Inherited from Latin exīre

cog

oc

eissir

expansion: Occitan eissir

it

uscire

expansion: Italian uscire

issir

expansion: French issir

osp

exir

expansion: Old Spanish exir

ipa: [əˈʃi]

ipa: [ejˈʃiɾ]

ipa: [ejˈʃi]

audio: LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-eixir.wav

note: Barcelona

homophone: així (Balearic, Central)


eixir

text: pella careyra uella que ſol entrar de Sabadelle para Souto Uoado τ quomo ſe eyxe de Souto Uoado pella pena que chamã de Couello τ pelo caril que uẽ ferir na careyra uella

ref: 1286, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 79

english: by the old road that enters from Sabadelle into Souto Voado, and as it exits from Souto Voado by the height they call of Covelo, and by the trail that comes to the old road

gl-verb

expansion: eixir (first-person singular present eixo, first-person singular preterite eixín, past participle eixido)

forms:
eixo (first-person present singular)
eixín (first-person preterite singular)
eixido (participle past)
eixir (impersonal infinitive)
eixir (first-person infinitive singular)
eixires (infinitive second-person singular)
eixir (infinitive personal singular)
eixirmos (first-person infinitive plural)
eixirdes (infinitive plural second-person)
eixiren (infinitive personal plural)
eixindo (gerund)
eixido (masculine participle past singular)
eixido (first-person masculine participle past singular)
eixido (masculine participle past second-person singular)
eixidos (masculine participle past plural)
eixidos (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
eixida (feminine participle past singular)
eixida (feminine first-person participle past singular)
eixida (feminine participle past second-person singular)
eixidas (feminine participle past plural)
eixidas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
eixo (first-person indicative present singular)
eixes (indicative present second-person singular)
eixe (indicative present singular)
eiximos (first-person indicative plural present)
eixides (indicative plural present second-person)
eixen (indicative plural present)
eixía (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eixías (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eixía (imperfect indicative singular)
eixiamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eixiades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
eixían (imperfect indicative plural)
eixín (first-person indicative preterite singular)
eixiches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
eixiu (indicative preterite singular)
eiximos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
eixistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
eixiron (indicative plural preterite)
eixira (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
eixiras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
eixira (indicative pluperfect singular)
eixiramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
eixirades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
eixiran (indicative pluperfect plural)
eixirei (first-person future indicative singular)
eixirás (future indicative second-person singular)
eixirá (future indicative singular)
eixiremos (first-person future indicative plural)
eixiredes (future indicative plural second-person)
eixirán (future indicative plural)
eixiría (conditional first-person singular)
eixirías (conditional second-person singular)
eixiría (conditional singular)
eixiriamos (conditional first-person plural)
eixiriades (conditional plural second-person)
eixirían (conditional plural)
eixa (first-person present singular subjunctive)
eixas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
eixa (present singular subjunctive)
eixamos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
eixades (plural present second-person subjunctive)
eixan (plural present subjunctive)
eixise (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
eixises (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
eixise (imperfect singular subjunctive)
eixísemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
eixísedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
eixisen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
eixir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
eixires (future second-person singular subjunctive)
eixir (future singular subjunctive)
eixirmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
eixirdes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
eixiren (future plural subjunctive)
eixe (imperative second-person singular)
eixa (imperative singular)
eixamos (first-person imperative plural)
eixide (imperative plural second-person)
eixan (imperative plural)
non eixas (imperative negative second-person singular)
non eixa (imperative negative singular)
non eixamos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non eixades (imperative negative plural second-person)
non eixan (imperative negative plural)

etymology_text: From Old Galician-Portuguese eixir (13th century), from Latin exīre.

inh

gl

roa-opt

eixir

expansion: Old Galician-Portuguese eixir


yuuluu

text: yula finger-nail

ref: 1846, Horatio Hale, “Ethnography and philology”, in Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes, volume VI:

text: Yulla—nails on fingers and toes.

ref: 1892, James Günther, “Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri”, in John Fraser, editor, An Australian Language:

text: Finger nail .... .... yulu.

ref: 1904, R. H. Mathews, “The Wiradyuri and other languages of New South Wales”, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volume 34:

links: fingernail fingernail

head

wrh

nouns

expansion: yuuluu

etymology_text: Compare Gamilaraay and Ngiyambaa yulu.

forms:
yulu (alternative)
yulla (alternative)


yuulayn

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
yúlɑ̆ĭn skin

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Yulain—skin.

text: 1904, R. H. Mathews, The Wiradyuri and other languages of New South Wales, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 34

links: skin skin

expansion: yuulayn

etymology_text: Compare Gamilaraay yulay.

forms:
yúlɑ̆ĭn (alternative)
yulain (alternative)
yulun (alternative)


yirang

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
írɑŋ or yírɑŋ tooth

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Irang—teeth.

links: tooth tooth

expansion: yirang

etymology_text: From Proto-Central New South Wales *yiraŋ, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *rirra, cognate with Gamilaraay yira.

inh

aus-cww-pro

*yiraŋ

expansion: Proto-Central New South Wales *yiraŋ

aus-pam-pro

*rirra

expansion: Proto-Pama-Nyungan *rirra

cog

kld

yira

expansion: Gamilaraay yira

forms:
írɑŋ (alternative)
yírɑŋ (alternative)
irang (alternative)


dry reach

links: branch branch

links: reach reach

links: segment segment

glosses: A dry or no longer active branch or reach (i.e. segment) of a river.

en-noun

expansion: dry reach (plural dry reaches)

forms: dry reaches (plural)

dry wash

english: Implies a temporary or intermittent lack of flowing water.


come on down

text: Come on down! Breakfast is ready!

text: I can see no devil on the field / Just many trees and papa's many seeds / I can see no devil in the field / Come on down, come on down

ref: 2017, “Come on Down”, in Devil Is Fine, performed by Zeal & Ardor, Track 4:

links: invitation invitation

glosses: An invitation to someone in the upper part of a building to come downstairs.

glosses: An invitation to someone living to the north to come for a visit.

text: Veronica Johnson, come on down!

links: television television

links: catchphrase catchphrase

links:
game show
game show

raw_glosses: (television) A catchphrase used on the game show The Price is Right, inviting a member of the audience to approach the contestant's row in order to play the game.

pos: intj

forms: come on down ! (canonical)


toss-up question

links: radio radio

links: type type

links: interactive interactive

links: query query

links: competitive competitive

links: academic academic

links:
quiz bowl
quiz bowl

links: scholastic scholastic

links: bowl bowl

links: format format

links: participant participant

links: competing competing

links: team team

links: answer answer

links: signal signal

links:
by means of
by means of

links: buzzer buzzer

links: system system

raw_glosses: (television, radio) A type of interactive query in a competitive academic quiz bowl or scholastic bowl format, where any participant from a competing team may attempt to answer by signaling first, often by means of a buzzer system.

expansion: toss-up question (plural toss-up questions)

forms:
toss-up questions (plural)
tossup question (alternative)
toss-up (alternative)
tossup (alternative)


yarrayn

text: Yaran—the chin; the beard.

text: Beard .... .... .... yerrañ.

links: beard beard

head

noun

expansion: yarrayn

etymology_text: From Proto-Central New South Wales *yarrañ, cognate with Gamilaraay yarray.

inh

*yarrañ

expansion: Proto-Central New South Wales *yarrañ

cog

yarray

expansion: Gamilaraay yarray

forms:
yaran (alternative)
yerrañ (alternative)
yarrang (alternative)


ἐπί

text: καθέζεται ἐπὶ θρόνου.

roman: kathézetai epì thrónou.

translation: He sits down on a throne.

english: He sits down on a throne.

text: ἔκλαγξαν δ’ ἄρ’ ὀϊστοὶ ἐπ’ ὤμων χωομένοιο

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.46

english: The arrows rattled on the shoulders of the angry god as he moved.

translation: The arrows rattled on the shoulders of the angry god as he moved.

roman: éklanxan d’ ár’ oïstoì ep’ ṓmōn khōoménoio

text: ἀλλ’ ἄγε δὴ φεύγωμεν ἐφ’ ἵππων

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.356

english: Come, let us flee on our chariot.

translation: Come, let us flee on our chariot.

roman: all’ áge dḕ pheúgōmen eph’ híppōn

+obj

grc

gen

expansion: [with genitive]

glosses:
[with genitive]
on, upon (on the upper surface of)

links: on on

links: upon upon

text: ἔγχεα δέ σφιν / ὄρθ’ ἐπὶ σαυρωτῆρος ἐλήλατο

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.153

english: But their spears were driven into the ground erect on their spikes.

translation: But their spears were driven into the ground erect on their spikes.

roman: énkhea dé sphin / órth’ epì saurōtêros elḗlato

glosses:
[with genitive]
on (supported by)

text: ἇς ἔχρῃζε γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας / ἔθανε

ref: 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1705–1706

english: He died on the foreign ground that he desired.

translation: He died on the foreign ground that he desired.

roman: hâs ékhrēize gâs epì xénas / éthane

text: τὴν θυγατέρα τὴν ἑωυτοῦ κατίσαι ἐπ’ οἰκήματος

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.121E.2

english: He put his own daughter in a brothel.

translation: He put his own daughter in a brothel.

roman: tḕn thugatéra tḕn heōutoû katísai ep’ oikḗmatos

raw_glosses:
[with genitive]
(mostly post-Homeric) in

glosses:
[with genitive]
in

links: in in

text: ἔνθα δ’ ἐπ’ αὐτάων πλυνοὶ εὐρέες ἐγγὺς ἔασι / καλοὶ λαΐνεοι

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.153

english: And there near these selfsame [springs] are broad washing-tanks, fair and wrought of stone.

translation: And there near these selfsame [springs] are broad washing-tanks, fair and wrought of stone.

roman: éntha d’ ep’ autáōn plunoì eurées engùs éasi / kaloì laḯneoi

glosses:
[with genitive]
at, near

links: at at

links: near near

text: ὁρμεῖν ἐπ’ ἀγκύρας

roman: hormeîn ep’ ankúras

translation: to ride at anchor

english: to ride at anchor

raw_glosses:
[with genitive]
(of ships) at (dependent upon)

glosses:
[with genitive]
at (dependent upon)

text: ἐφ’ ἑαυτῶν ἐχώρουν

roman: eph’ heautôn ekhṓroun

translation: They proceeded by themselves.

english: They proceeded by themselves.

raw_glosses: (with reflexive or personal pronoun) by oneself

glosses:
[with genitive]
by oneself

links: by by

text: ἐτάχθησαν ἐπὶ τεττάρων

roman: etákhthēsan epì tettárōn

translation: They formed a line four men deep.

english: They formed a line four men deep.

text: οἱ δὲ Θηβαῖοι οὐκ ἔλαττον ἢ ἐπὶ πεντήκοντα ἀσπίδων συνεστραμμένοι ἦσαν

ref: 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 6.4.12

english: The Thebans, however, were massed not less than fifty shields deep.

translation: The Thebans, however, were massed not less than fifty shields deep.

roman: hoi dè Thēbaîoi ouk élatton ḕ epì pentḗkonta aspídōn sunestramménoi êsan

raw_glosses: (with numerals, of a body of soldiers) deep

glosses:
[with genitive]
deep

links: deep deep

text: οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ μαρτύρων ἀλλὰ κρυπτόμενα πράσσεται τὰ τοιαῦτα

ref: 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 3.8

english: Crimes of this kind are committed in secret, not before witnesses.

translation: Crimes of this kind are committed in secret, not before witnesses.

roman: ou gàr epì martúrōn allà kruptómena prássetai tà toiaûta

raw_glosses: (with a person) before (in the presence of)

glosses:
[with genitive]
before (in the presence of)

links: before before

text: ἐπὶ τῶν πλουσίων […] αἰσθάνομαι

roman: epì tôn plousíōn […] aisthánomai

translation: In the case of the rich, I can see that […]

english: In the case of the rich, I can see that […]

text: ὁρῶ δ’ ἔγωγε καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων ὁμοίως καὶ φύσει διαφέροντας ἀλλήλων τοὺς ἀνθρώπους

ref: 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.9.3

english: And similarly in all other points, I find that human beings naturally differ from one another.

roman: horô d’ égōge kaì epì tôn állōn pántōn homoíōs kaì phúsei diaphérontas allḗlōn toùs anthrṓpous

glosses:
[with genitive]
in the case of; on

text: τό γε νύσσα τέτυκτο ἐπὶ προτέρων ἀνθρώπων, / καὶ νῦν τέρματ’ ἔθηκε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.332

english: Haply it was made the turning-post of a race in the days of men of old, and now swift-footed goodly Achilles has appointed it his turning-post.

roman: tó ge nússa tétukto epì protérōn anthrṓpōn, / kaì nûn térmat’ éthēke podárkēs dîos Akhilleús

glosses:
[with genitive]
in the time of

text: οἰ έπὶ τῶν πραγμάτων

roman: oi épì tôn pragmátōn

translation: the [men] in power

english: the [men] in power

text: Δερκύλλου δὲ τοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας στρατηγοῦ συλλαβεῖν αὐτὸν ἐπιχειρήσαντος

ref: 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Phocion 32.3

english: But Dercyllus, the Athenian general in command of the district, made an attempt to arrest him.

roman: Derkúllou dè toû epì tês khṓras stratēgoû sullabeîn autòn epikheirḗsantos

raw_glosses:
[with genitive]
(of authority, power, etc.) in

qualifier: power

text: καὶ οὐκ ἐπὶ τούτου μόνον, ἀλλ’ ἐπὶ πάντων φαίνεται προῃρημένος μ’ ὑβρίζειν

ref: 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 38

english: And not only on that, but on every [occasion] he has shown a deliberate intention to insult me.

roman: kaì ouk epì toútou mónon, all’ epì pántōn phaínetai proēirēménos m’ hubrízein

text: καθέζεται ἐπὶ θρόνῳ.

text: ἀλλ’ ἄγε νῦν εἴσελθε καὶ ἕζεο τῷδ’ ἐπὶ δίφρῳ

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.354

english: But come now, enter in, and sit thee upon this chair.

translation: But come now, enter in, and sit thee upon this chair.

roman: all’ áge nûn eíselthe kaì hézeo tōîd’ epì díphrōi

text: σιδηρονώτοις δ’ ἀσπίδος τύποις ἐπῆν / γίγας ἐπ’ ὤμοις γηγενὴς ὅλην πόλιν / φέρων μοχλοῖσιν ἐξανασπάσας βάθρων

ref: 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1131

english: This device his shield bore upon its iron back: an earth-born giant carrying on his shoulders a whole city which he had wrenched from its base.

roman: sidēronṓtois d’ aspídos túpois epên / gígas ep’ ṓmois gēgenḕs hólēn pólin / phérōn mokhloîsin exanaspásas báthrōn

text: νικήσαντες δὲ καὶ τούτους τετρακισχιλίους κληρούχους ἐπὶ τῶν ἱπποβοτέων τῇ χώρῃ λείπουσι

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.77.2

english: And after overcoming them as well, they left four thousand tenant farmers on the lands of the horse-breeders.

roman: nikḗsantes dè kaì toútous tetrakiskhilíous klēroúkhous epì tôn hippobotéōn tēî khṓrēi leípousi

text: αἱ δὲ νέμονται / πὰρ Κόρακος πέτρῃ ἐπί τε κρήνῃ Ἀρεθούσῃ

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.408

english: They are feeding by the rock of Corax and near the spring Arethusa.

translation: They are feeding by the rock of Corax and near the spring Arethusa.

roman: hai dè némontai / pàr Kórakos pétrēi epí te krḗnēi Arethoúsēi

text: τοῖο δ’ ἐπ’ Ἰφιδάμαντι κάρη ἀπέκοψε παραστάς

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.261

english: And he drew near and struck off his head over [the body of] Iphidamas.

translation: And he drew near and struck off his head over [the body of] Iphidamas.

roman: toîo d’ ep’ Iphidámanti kárē apékopse parastás

text: οἷ’ ἐπὶ σοὶ κατέθηκε θεὰ περικαλλέ’ ἄεθλα

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 24.91

english: Such beautiful prises did the goddess set there in thy honor.

translation: Such beautiful prises did the goddess set there in thy honor.

roman: hoî’ epì soì katéthēke theà perikallé’ áethla

text: ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ ἀπικόμενος ἐς τὴν Ἀρκαδίην νεώτερα ἔπρησσε πρήγματα, συνιστὰς τοὺς Ἀρκάδας ἐπὶ τῆ Σπάρτῃ

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.74.1

english: From there he came to Arcadia and stirred up disorder, uniting the Arcadians against Sparta.

translation: From there he came to Arcadia and stirred up disorder, uniting the Arcadians against Sparta.

roman: entheûten dè apikómenos es tḕn Arkadíēn neṓtera éprēsse prḗgmata, sunistàs toùs Arkádas epì tê Spártēi

text: ὢ πόποι, οὐκ ἄρα σοί γ’ ’ἐπὶ εἴδεϊ καὶ φρένες ἦσαν

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.454

english: Well, now, it seems that you at least do not have wits in addition to your beauty.

translation: Well, now, it seems that you at least do not have wits in addition to your beauty.

roman: ṑ pópoi, ouk ára soí g’ ’epì eídeï kaì phrénes êsan

glosses:
[with dative]
in addition to, over, besides

text: ὄγχνη ἐπ’ ὄγχνῃ γηράσκει

text: βοᾷ γὰρ λοιγὸς Ἐρινὺν / παρὰ τῶν πρότερον φθιμένων ἄτην / ἑτέραν ἐπάγουσαν ἐπ’ ἄτῃ

ref: 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 404

english: Murder cries out on the Fury, which from those killed before brings one ruin after another.

translation: Murder cries out on the Fury, which from those killed before brings one ruin after another.

roman: boāî gàr loigòs Erinùn / parà tôn próteron phthiménōn átēn / hetéran epágousan ep’ átēi

raw_glosses:
[with dative]
(with duplication of head noun) after

text: νῦν τε παρὰ τῷ βαρβάρῳ τοσοῦτο δυνάμεθα ὥστε ἐπ’ ἡμῖν ἐστι τῆς γῆς ἐστερῆσθαι καὶ πρὸς ἠνδραποδίσθαι ὑμέας

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.29.2

english: And now we bear such weight with the foreigner that it is in our power to have you deprived of your lands and enslaved.

roman: nûn te parà tōî barbárōi tosoûto dunámetha hṓste ep’ hēmîn esti tês gês esterêsthai kaì pròs ēndrapodísthai huméas

text: Τῶν ὄντων τὰ μέν ἐστιν ἐφ’ ἡμῖν, τὰ δὲ οὐκ ἐφ’ ἡμῖν. ἐφ’ ἡμῖν μὲν ὑπόληψις, ὁρμή, ὄρεξις, ἔκκλισις καὶ ἑνὶ λόγῳ ὅσα ἡμέτερα ἔργα· οὐκ ἐφ’ ἡμῖν δὲ τὸ σῶμα, ἡ κτῆσις, δόξαι, ἀρχαὶ καὶ ἑνὶ λόγῳ ὅσα οὐχ ἡμέτερα ἔργα.

ref: 55 CE – 135 CE, Epictetus, Enchiridion 1.1

english: Some things are under our control, while others are not under our control. Under our control are conception, choice, desire, aversion, and, in a word, everything that is our own doing; not under our control are our body, our property, reputation, office, and, in a word, everything that is not our own doing.

roman: Tôn óntōn tà mén estin eph’ hēmîn, tà dè ouk eph’ hēmîn. eph’ hēmîn mèn hupólēpsis, hormḗ, órexis, ékklisis kaì henì lógōi hósa hēmétera érga; ouk eph’ hēmîn dè tò sôma, hē ktêsis, dóxai, arkhaì kaì henì lógōi hósa oukh hēmétera érga.

text: τὰς δίκας καὶ τὰς διαίτας, ὅσαι ἐγένοντο ἐπὶ τοῖς νόμοις ἐν δημοκρατουμένῃ τῇ πόλει, κυρίας εἶναι

ref: 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Timocrates 56

english: Judgements and awards given according to the law while the government was democratic, shall be valid.

roman: tàs díkas kaì tàs diaítas, hósai egénonto epì toîs nómois en dēmokratouménēi tēî pólei, kurías eînai

text:
σέο δ’ ὀστέα πύσει ἄρουρα
κειμένου ἐν Τροίῃ ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ
séo d’ ostéa púsei ároura

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.175

english: And the earth will rot your bones as you lie in the land of Troy with your task unfinished.

translation: And the earth will rot your bones as you lie in the land of Troy with your task unfinished.

roman: keiménou en Troíēi ateleutḗtōi epì érgōi

text: κἀπ’ εὐπραξίᾳ / μέμνησθέ μου θανόντος εὐτυχεῖς ἀεί

ref: 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1554

english: And in your prosperity, remember me in my death, and be fortunate evermore.

translation: And in your prosperity, remember me in my death, and be fortunate evermore.

roman: kap’ eupraxíāi / mémnēsthé mou thanóntos eutukheîs aeí

text: τοσαύτας μὲν αὐτοῖς εὐθυμίας παρεῖχεν ἐπὶ τῷ δείπνῳ

english: He furnished them such amusement at dinner.

translation: He furnished them such amusement at dinner.

roman: tosaútas mèn autoîs euthumías pareîkhen epì tōî deípnōi

raw_glosses: (of conditions or circumstances) in, with

text: ἀλλ’ ἤτοι ἐπὶ νυκτὶ φυλάξομεν ἡμέας αὐτούς

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.529

english: Surely at night we will guard our own selves.

translation: Surely at night we will guard our own selves.

roman: all’ ḗtoi epì nuktì phuláxomen hēméas autoús

text: ἀλλ’ αὖθι κυνῶν μέλπηθρα γένοιτο, / ὅς τις ἐπ’ ἤματι τῷδε ἑκὼν μεθίῃσι μάχεσθαι

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.234

english: But here may he, who on this day of his own will shrinks from fight, become the sport of dogs.

translation: But here may he, who on this day of his own will shrinks from fight, become the sport of dogs.

roman: all’ aûthi kunôn mélpēthra génoito, / hós tis ep’ ḗmati tōîde hekṑn methíēisi mákhesthai

raw_glosses:
[with dative]
(of time, never in proper Attic) at, on

text: μαθὼν δὲ ἐπ’ ἐξεργασμένοισι τὸ μαντήιον ἐὸν τοῦτο

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.164.3

english: Then, perceiving after the deed had been done that this was the meaning of the oracle […]

translation: Then, perceiving after the deed had been done that this was the meaning of the oracle […]

roman: mathṑn dè ep’ exergasménoisi tò mantḗion eòn toûto

text: ἦ τ’ ἔτι πολλὰ τετεύξεται ἄλγε’ ἐπ’ αὐτῇ

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.585

english: Many be the woes that shall yet be wrought because of her.

translation: Many be the woes that shall yet be wrought because of her.

roman: ê t’ éti pollà teteúxetai álge’ ep’ autēî

raw_glosses:
[with dative]
(expressing a cause) on account of, for

text:
ὃ δὲ τείρετο γήραϊ λυγρῷ,
υἱὸν δ’ οὐ τέκετ’ ἄλλον ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσι λιπέσθαι
hò dè teíreto gḗraï lugrōî,

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.154

english: And their father was fordone with grievous old age, and begat no other son to leave in charge of his possessions.

roman: huiòn d’ ou téket’ állon epì kteátessi lipésthai

text: γαστέρες αἵδ’ αἰγῶν κέατ’ ἐν πυρί, τὰς ἐπὶ δόρπῳ / κατθέμεθα

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 18.44

english: Here at the fire lie goats' paunches, which we set there for supper.

translation: Here at the fire lie goats' paunches, which we set there for supper.

roman: gastéres haíd’ aigôn kéat’ en purí, tàs epì dórpōi / katthémetha

raw_glosses:
[with dative]
(expressing a purpose) for

text: ἐνδεξαμένου δὲ τὸν λόγον καὶ ὁμολογήσαντος ἐπὶ τούτοισι Πεισιστράτου, μηχανῶνται δὴ ἐπὶ τῇ κατόδῳ πρῆγμα

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.60.3

english: When this offer was accepted by Pisistratus, who agreed on these terms [with Megacles], they devised a plan to bring Pisistratus back.

roman: endexaménou dè tòn lógon kaì homologḗsantos epì toútoisi Peisistrátou, mēkhanôntai dḕ epì tēî katódōi prêgma

text: ἀλλ’ ἐποιοῦντο εἰρήνην ἐφ’ ᾧ τά τε μακρὰ τείχη καὶ τὸν Πειραιᾶ καθελόντας

english: They offered to make peace on the condition that the Athenians destroy the long walls and the walls of Piraeus.

roman: all’ epoioûnto eirḗnēn eph’ hōî tá te makrà teíkhē kaì tòn Peiraiâ kathelóntas

text: τίς κέν μοι τόδε ἔργον ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειε / δώρῳ ἔπι μεγάλῳ

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.304

english: Who is there now that would promise me this deed and bring it to pass for a great gift?

translation: Who is there now that would promise me this deed and bring it to pass for a great gift?

roman: tís kén moi tóde érgon huposkhómenos teléseie / dṓrōi épi megálōi

glosses:
[with dative]
for (i.e. in exchange for)

text: ἐπὶ μὲν οὖν τῇ τοῦ οἰκείου ἔχθρᾳ στάσις κέκληται, ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ τοῦ ἀλλοτρίου πόλεμος

english: Now the term employed for the hostility of the friendly is faction, and for that of the alien is war.

roman: epì mèn oûn tēî toû oikeíou ékhthrāi stásis kéklētai, epì dè tēî toû allotríou pólemos

text: Ὀδυσῆος ἀμύμονος, ὅς μ’ ἐπὶ βουσὶν / εἷσ’ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐόντα

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.209

english: Blameless Odysseus, who set me in charge of his cattle […]

translation: Blameless Odysseus, who set me in charge of his cattle […]

roman: Odusêos amúmonos, hós m’ epì bousìn / heîs’ éti tutthòn eónta

text: ἀνέβαινεν ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον

text: ἀλλ’ ἐπὶ πύργον ἔβη μέγαν Ἰλίου

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.386

english: But she went onto the great wall of Ilios.

translation: But she went onto the great wall of Ilios.

text: οἳ δὲ νομίζουσι Διὶ μὲν ἐπὶ τὰ ὑψηλότατα τῶν ὀρέων ἀναβαίνοντες θυσίας ἔρδειν

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.131.2

english: They are accustomed to go up onto the highest peaks of the mountains to offer sacrifices to Zeus.

roman: hoì dè nomízousi Diì mèn epì tà hupsēlótata tôn oréōn anabaínontes thusías érdein

glosses:
[with accusative]
onto (the upper surface of)

text: ὃ γὰρ ἦλθε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν λυσόμενός τε θύγατρα

english: For he had come to the swift ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter.

translation: For he had come to the swift ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter.

roman: hò gàr êlthe thoàs epì nêas Akhaiôn lusómenós te thúgatra

text: αἳ δ’ ὅτ’ Ἀλεξάνδροιο δόμον περικαλλέ’ ἵκοντο, ἀμφίπολοι μὲν ἔπειτα θοῶς ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.421

english: Now when they were come to the beautiful palace of Alexander, the handmaids turned forthwith to their tasks.

roman: haì d’ hót’ Alexándroio dómon perikallé’ híkonto, amphípoloi mèn épeita thoôs epì érga tráponto

text: ὑπὲρ δὲ τῆς θηριώδεος ὀφρύη ψάμμης κατήκει παρατείνουσα ἀπὸ Θηβέων τῶν Αἰγυπτιέων ἐπ’ Ἡρακλέας στήλας

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.181.1

english: Beyond this wild beasts' haunt runs a ridge of sand that stretches from Thebes of Egypt up to the Pillars of Heracles.

roman: hupèr dè tês thēriṓdeos ophrúē psámmēs katḗkei parateínousa apò Thēbéōn tôn Aiguptiéōn ep’ Hērakléas stḗlas

text: οὐ γάρ πω πάντων ἐπὶ πείρατ’ ἀέθλων / ἤλθομεν

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.248

english: We have not yet come to the end of all our trials.

translation: We have not yet come to the end of all our trials.

roman: ou gár pō pántōn epì peírat’ aéthlōn / ḗlthomen

text: καὶ ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνας δὲ καὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθε ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ

ref: 70 CE – 90 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 10:18

english: Yes, and you will be brought before governors and kings for my sake.

translation: Yes, and you will be brought before governors and kings for my sake.

roman: kaì epì hēgemónas dè kaì basileîs akhthḗsesthe héneken emoû

raw_glosses: (with a person) to before, into the presence of

glosses:
[with accusative]
to before, into the presence of

text: ἐπ’ ἀσπίδας δὲ πέντε μὲν καὶ εἴκοσι Θηβαῖοι ἐτάξαντο

ref: 431 BCE – 404 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.93

english: The Thebans formed twenty-five shields deep.

translation: The Thebans formed twenty-five shields deep.

roman: ep’ aspídas dè pénte mèn kaì eíkosi Thēbaîoi etáxanto

text: Χαλκιδέες τε ἐπὶ τὰ ἕτερα ἐσίνοντο ἐπιόντες χώρους τῆς Ἀττικῆς

ref: 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.74

english: The Chalcidians however attacked on another side and raided lands in Attica.

translation: The Chalcidians however attacked on another side and raided lands in Attica.

roman: Khalkidées te epì tà hétera esínonto epióntes khṓrous tês Attikês

glosses:
[with accusative]
to or into a certain side

text: τοὺς δ’ Ἕκτωρ ἐνόησε κατὰ στίχας, ὦρτο δ’ ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς / κεκλήγων

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.590

english: But Hector marked them across the ranks, and rushed against them shouting aloud.

translation: But Hector marked them across the ranks, and rushed against them shouting aloud.

roman: toùs d’ Héktōr enóēse katà stíkhas, ôrto d’ ep’ autoùs / keklḗgōn

text: οὕτω δὴ οἶκον δὲ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν / Ἀργεῖοι φεύξονται ἐπ’ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.159

english: Is it thus indeed that the Argives are to flee their dear native land over the broad back of the sea?

roman: hoútō dḕ oîkon dè phílēn es patrída gaîan / Argeîoi pheúxontai ep’ euréa nôta thalássēs

text: τλῆτε φίλοι, καὶ μείνατ’ ἐπὶ χρόνον

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.299

english: Endure, my friends, and abide for a time.

translation: Endure, my friends, and abide for a time.

text: ἔνθα μὲν ἐν φύλλοισι φίλον τετιημένος ἦτορ / εὗδον παννύχιος καὶ ἐπ’ ἠῶ

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.288

english: So there among the leaves I slept, my heart sore stricken, the whole night through, until the morning.

roman: éntha mèn en phúlloisi phílon tetiēménos êtor / heûdon pannúkhios kaì ep’ ēô

raw_glosses:
[with accusative]
(of time) up to, until

text: ἀλλ’ ἄγ’ ὁ μὲν πεδίονδ’ ἐπὶ βοῦν, ἴτω

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.421

english: Come now, let one go to the plain for a heifer.

translation: Come now, let one go to the plain for a heifer.

text: ἡμεῖς γὰρ ἁγνοὶ τοὐπὶ τήνδε τὴν κόρην

english: Our hands are clean with respect to this girl.

translation: Our hands are clean with respect to this girl.

text: ἐπὶ δὲ τοὺς πεζοὺς τῶν ὁμοτίμων ἀνθ’ αὑτοῦ ἕκαστον καθιστάναι ἄλλον ἄρχοντα τῶν ὁμοτίμων

english: He also instructed each one of the newly-mounted officers to appoint some other peer to take his place of command over the infantry of the peers.

roman: epì dè toùs pezoùs tôn homotímōn anth’ hautoû hékaston kathistánai állon árkhonta tôn homotímōn

text: οἳ μὲν τὰ προϊδόντες ἐπέδραμον, ὦκα δ’ ἔπειτα / τάμνοντ’ ἀμφὶ βοῶν ἀγέλας καὶ πώεα καλὰ / ἀργεννέων οἰῶν, κτεῖνον δ’ ἐπὶ μηλοβοτῆρας

ref: c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.529

english: But the liers-in-wait, when they saw these coming on, rushed forth against them and speedily cut off the herds of cattle and fair flocks of white-fleeced sheep, and slew the herdsmen as well.

roman: hoì mèn tà proïdóntes epédramon, ôka d’ épeita / támnont’ amphì boôn agélas kaì pṓea kalà / argennéōn oiôn, kteînon d’ epì mēlobotêras

raw_glosses: (without a noun) as well, besides (often with δέ (dé))

grc-preposition

expansion: ἐπῐ́ • (epĭ́) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)

forms:
ἐπῐ́ (canonical)
epĭ́ (romanization)
ἐπ’ (alternative apocopic)
ἔπι (alternative)
ἔπ’ (alternative apocopic stressed)
ἐτ (alternative Thessalian)
ἐφ’ (alternative apocopic)

etymology_text:
From Proto-Hellenic *epí, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“on”).
Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀠 (e-pi), Sanskrit अपि (ápi), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬞𐬌 (aⁱpi), Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹 (apiy), Old Armenian եւ (ew), Latin ob, Old High German bī, and Old English bī.
The genitive is an innovated Greek associative. The dative is from the PIE locative. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.

etymon

expansion: [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₁éps", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁ep-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁epi", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*epí", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἐπί", "lang" : "grc" }" data-id="on" data-lang="grc" data-title="ἐπί" id="Ancient_Greek:_on">


wuurruu

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
uru neck

english: (please add an English translation of this quotation)

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Uru—the neck.

links: neck neck

head

expansion: wuurruu

etymology_text: Compare Gamilaraay wuru.

cog

wuru

expansion: Gamilaraay wuru

forms: uru (alternative)


Ayya Vaikundar

links: Ekam Ekam

links:
Akilathirattu Ammanai
Akilathirattu Ammanai

links: Ayyavazhi Ayyavazhi

glosses: The incarnation of Ekam (god) in this world, according to Akilathirattu Ammanai, the primary scripture of the Ayyavazhi religion.

en-proper noun

expansion: Ayya Vaikundar


wuurrang

text: (please add an English translation of this quotation)

ref: 1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes uran hair (of head)

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Uran—hair.

text: 1904, R. H. Mathews, The Wiradyuri and other languages of New South Wales, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 34

roman: Hair of head .... .... wuran.

links: hair hair

head

expansion: wuurrang

forms:
uran (alternative)
wuran (alternative)


wuurranbaay

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Uranbai—very hairy.

translation: (please add an English translation of this quotation)

links: hairy hairy

adjectives

expansion: wuurranbaay

etymology_text: wuurang "hair" + -baay

forms: uranbai (alternative)


wuudha

text:
1846, Horatio Hale, Ethnography and philology, vol. VI of Reports of the United States Exploring Expedition, under the command of Charles Wilkes
utɑ ear

text:
1892, James Günther, Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal dialect called Wirradhuri, in John Fraser (ed.), An Australian Language
Uda—an ear.

links: ear ear

expansion: wuudha

forms:
utɑ (alternative)
uda (alternative)
wudha (alternative)